Question 1

During working-memory tasks, schizophrenic patients seem to:

Accepted Answer

A)  recruit the ventrolateral PFC to compensate for a dysfunctional dorsolateral PFC. 
B)  recruit the dorsolateral PFC to compensate for a dysfunctional ventrolateral PFC. 
C)  use the ventrolateral PFC less than normal. 
D)  use all parts of the PFC less than normal. 
A)  recruit the ventrolateral PFC to compensate for a dysfunctional dorsolateral PFC. 
B)  recruit the dorsolateral PFC to compensate for a dysfunctional ventrolateral PFC. 
C)  use the ventrolateral PFC less than normal. 
D)  use all parts of the PFC less than normal.

Question 2

Functional imaging studies have shown that the _____ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve semantic processing, while the _____ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve phonological processing.

Accepted Answer

A)  right posterior; left anterior 
B)  left anterior; right posterior 
C)  left posterior; left anterior 
D)  left anterior; left posterior 
A)  right posterior; left anterior 
B)  left anterior; right posterior 
C)  left posterior; left anterior 
D)  left anterior; left posterior

Question 3

Jackie is trying to balance her checkbook while at the same time helping her son with his homework. She works on her checkbook when she can, while also watching for signals that her son has finished a particular assignment; then she can stop working on her checkbook for a moment and help her son. The task her central executive is MOST concerned with in this example is:

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled updating of short-term memory buffers. 
B)  setting goals and planning. 
C)  stimulus selection and response inhibition. 
D)  task switching. 
A)  controlled updating of short-term memory buffers. 
B)  setting goals and planning. 
C)  stimulus selection and response inhibition. 
D)  task switching.

Question 4

Describe what limits the ability to hold information in short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Include (1)

Question 5

Cats and many other mammals get through life with a frontal lobe that occupies less than _____ percent of their cerebral cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8

Question 6

According to the findings of George Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is about _____ items.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  seven 
C)  fifteen 
D)  five 
A)  three 
B)  seven 
C)  fifteen 
D)  five

Question 7

The _____ is involved in manipulation of information, while the _____ is involved in maintenance/rehearsal of information.

Accepted Answer

A)  ventrolateral PFC; dorsolateral PFC 
B)  dorsolateral PFC; ventrolateral PFC 
C)  dorsolateral PFC; posterior cortical areas 
D)  posterior cortical areas; ventrolateral PFC 
A)  ventrolateral PFC; dorsolateral PFC 
B)  dorsolateral PFC; ventrolateral PFC 
C)  dorsolateral PFC; posterior cortical areas 
D)  posterior cortical areas; ventrolateral PFC

Question 8

The Stroop task demonstrates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory is enhanced when information is in conflict. 
B)  working memory is impaired when information is in conflict. 
C)  reading is an attentional process. 
D)  reading is an automatic process. 
A)  working memory is enhanced when information is in conflict. 
B)  working memory is impaired when information is in conflict. 
C)  reading is an attentional process. 
D)  reading is an automatic process.

Question 9

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seems to be involved in the functions of which component of working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the central executive 
B)  the phonological loop 
C)  the visuospatial sketchpad 
D)  transient memory 
A)  the central executive 
B)  the phonological loop 
C)  the visuospatial sketchpad 
D)  transient memory

Question 10

Which statement is TRUE regarding goal abstraction in the frontal lobes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of the frontal lobes during abstract goal-directed tasks that proceeds from the posterior to the anterior regions. 
B)  Posterior regions are involved mainly in processing the most abstract goals. 
C)  Frontal lobe development throughout childhood proceeds from the posterior regions to the anterior regions. 
D)  Activation of the frontal lobes during highly-specific goal-directed tasks proceeds from the posterior to the anterior regions. 
A)  Activation of the frontal lobes during abstract goal-directed tasks that proceeds from the posterior to the anterior regions. 
B)  Posterior regions are involved mainly in processing the most abstract goals. 
C)  Frontal lobe development throughout childhood proceeds from the posterior regions to the anterior regions. 
D)  Activation of the frontal lobes during highly-specific goal-directed tasks proceeds from the posterior to the anterior regions.

Question 11

In Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory, information flows from:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory memory, to short-term memory, to long-term memory. 
B)  short-term memory, to sensory memory, to long-term memory. 
C)  long-term memory, to sensory memory, to short-term memory. 
D)  sensory memory, to long-term memory, to short-term memory. 
A)  sensory memory, to short-term memory, to long-term memory. 
B)  short-term memory, to sensory memory, to long-term memory. 
C)  long-term memory, to sensory memory, to short-term memory. 
D)  sensory memory, to long-term memory, to short-term memory.

Question 12

Place models of memory are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  executive control. 
B)  cognitive control. 
C)  multi-store. 
D)  unitary-store. 
A)  executive control. 
B)  cognitive control. 
C)  multi-store. 
D)  unitary-store.

Question 13

The initial temporary storage for information perceived by the visual system is known as _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  visual sensory 
B)  iconic. 
C)  transient 
D)  short-term 
A)  visual sensory 
B)  iconic. 
C)  transient 
D)  short-term

Question 14

Disruption of performance on domain-specific motor learning tasks is seen with damage to the _____ regions of the frontal lobes.

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior 
B)  anterior 
C)  anterior and posterior 
D)  anterior and medial 
A)  posterior 
B)  anterior 
C)  anterior and posterior 
D)  anterior and medial

Question 15

On short-term verbal memory tasks, people with slow rates of speech but normal intelligence perform:

Accepted Answer

A)  better than people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate. 
B)  worse than people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate. 
C)  about the same as people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate. 
D)  worse than people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate, but only if rehearsal is disrupted. 
A)  better than people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate. 
B)  worse than people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate. 
C)  about the same as people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate. 
D)  worse than people of normal intelligence who speak at a normal rate, but only if rehearsal is disrupted.

Question 16

When one consciously tries to remember a fact or event for later retrieval, one is storing the information:

Accepted Answer

A)  executively. 
B)  iconically. 
C)  intentionally. 
D)  incidentally. 
A)  executively. 
B)  iconically. 
C)  intentionally. 
D)  incidentally.

Question 17

Which statement suggests that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is dysfunctional in people with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  People with schizophrenia are impaired on phonological memory tasks. 
B)  People with schizophrenia show increased blood flow to this area when they perform the Wisconsin Card Sort task. 
C)  People with schizophrenia display disturbance in both cognition and memory. 
D)  People with schizophrenia are impaired on tasks requiring memory for a small number of items after a short delay. 
A)  People with schizophrenia are impaired on phonological memory tasks. 
B)  People with schizophrenia show increased blood flow to this area when they perform the Wisconsin Card Sort task. 
C)  People with schizophrenia display disturbance in both cognition and memory. 
D)  People with schizophrenia are impaired on tasks requiring memory for a small number of items after a short delay.

Question 18

Which memory system maintains information temporarily using active rehearsal?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory memory 
B)  long-term memory 
C)  short-term memory 
D)  iconic memory 
A)  sensory memory 
B)  long-term memory 
C)  short-term memory 
D)  iconic memory

Question 19

One noted characteristic of frontal-lobe damage is:

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of ability to plan and organize. 
B)  loss of conceptual understanding. 
C)  decrease in speed. 
D)  decrease in interconnections. 
A)  loss of ability to plan and organize. 
B)  loss of conceptual understanding. 
C)  decrease in speed. 
D)  decrease in interconnections.

Question 20

One task of working memory is the manipulation of information. Give an example that demonstrates the manipulation of information in working memory.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Describe any task that

During working-memory tasks, schizophrenic patients seem to:

Functional imaging studies have shown that the _ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve semantic processing, while the _ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve phonological processing.

Describe what limits the ability to hold information in short-term memory.

Cats and many other mammals get through life with a frontal lobe that occupies less than _____ percent of their cerebral cortex.

According to the findings of George Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is about _____ items.

The _ is involved in manipulation of information, while the _ is involved in maintenance/rehearsal of information.

The Stroop task demonstrates that:

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seems to be involved in the functions of which component of working memory?

Which statement is TRUE regarding goal abstraction in the frontal lobes?

In Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory, information flows from:

Place models of memory are known as:

The initial temporary storage for information perceived by the visual system is known as _____ memory.

Disruption of performance on domain-specific motor learning tasks is seen with damage to the _____ regions of the frontal lobes.

On short-term verbal memory tasks, people with slow rates of speech but normal intelligence perform:

When one consciously tries to remember a fact or event for later retrieval, one is storing the information:

Which statement suggests that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is dysfunctional in people with schizophrenia?

Which memory system maintains information temporarily using active rehearsal?

One noted characteristic of frontal-lobe damage is:

One task of working memory is the manipulation of information. Give an example that demonstrates the manipulation of information in working memory.

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 9: Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

During working-memory tasks, schizophrenic patients seem to:

Functional imaging studies have shown that the _____ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve semantic processing, while the _____ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve phonological processing.

Describe what limits the ability to hold information in short-term memory.

Cats and many other mammals get through life with a frontal lobe that occupies less than _____ percent of their cerebral cortex.

According to the findings of George Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is about _____ items.

The _____ is involved in manipulation of information, while the _____ is involved in maintenance/rehearsal of information.

The Stroop task demonstrates that:

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seems to be involved in the functions of which component of working memory?

Which statement is TRUE regarding goal abstraction in the frontal lobes?

In Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory, information flows from:

Place models of memory are known as:

The initial temporary storage for information perceived by the visual system is known as _____ memory.

Disruption of performance on domain-specific motor learning tasks is seen with damage to the _____ regions of the frontal lobes.

On short-term verbal memory tasks, people with slow rates of speech but normal intelligence perform:

When one consciously tries to remember a fact or event for later retrieval, one is storing the information:

Which statement suggests that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is dysfunctional in people with schizophrenia?

Which memory system maintains information temporarily using active rehearsal?

One noted characteristic of frontal-lobe damage is:

One task of working memory is the manipulation of information. Give an example that demonstrates the manipulation of information in working memory.

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Functional imaging studies have shown that the _ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve semantic processing, while the _ ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is activated during tasks that involve phonological processing.

The _ is involved in manipulation of information, while the _ is involved in maintenance/rehearsal of information.