Question 1

In 2005, Harvard University president Larry Summers provoked controversy by suggesting that:

Accepted Answer

A)  women have a high aptitude in the area of engineering. 
B)  men have a high aptitude in the area of engineering. 
C)  men and women have equal aptitude in the area of engineering. 
D)  aptitude doesn't play a role in engineering, regardless of whether one is a man or a woman. 
A)  women have a high aptitude in the area of engineering. 
B)  men have a high aptitude in the area of engineering. 
C)  men and women have equal aptitude in the area of engineering. 
D)  aptitude doesn't play a role in engineering, regardless of whether one is a man or a woman.

Question 2

Psychologists usually associate cognitive skills with the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to reason and solve problems. 
B)  tasks that require sorting through large amounts of knowledge. 
C)  tasks depend more on intellectual prowess. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  ability to reason and solve problems. 
B)  tasks that require sorting through large amounts of knowledge. 
C)  tasks depend more on intellectual prowess. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 3

Which activity is the BEST example of a closed skill?

Accepted Answer

A)  playing tennis 
B)  driving a car 
C)  playing a video game 
D)  playing a particular piece on the piano 
A)  playing tennis 
B)  driving a car 
C)  playing a video game 
D)  playing a particular piece on the piano

Question 4

Suppose one is practicing a speech for a class. Based on what one learned about the impact of knowledge of results on practice, what should one do to maximize the effectiveness of practice?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Describe a s

Question 5

Thorndike proposed that learned abilities transfer to new situations to an extent that depends on the number of elements in the new situation. This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer specificity. 
B)  learning set formation. 
C)  motor program. 
D)  identical elements theory. 
A)  transfer specificity. 
B)  learning set formation. 
C)  motor program. 
D)  identical elements theory.

Question 6

Which stage of Fitts's three-stage model would act in using written instructions to set up a tent?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  associative 
C)  autonomous 
D)  acquisition 
A)  cognitive 
B)  associative 
C)  autonomous 
D)  acquisition

Question 7

Which statement is TRUE about skill memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are difficult to convey except by demonstration. 
B)  They may be acquired without awareness. 
C)  They require several repetitions. 
D)  All of the statements are true. 
A)  They are difficult to convey except by demonstration. 
B)  They may be acquired without awareness. 
C)  They require several repetitions. 
D)  All of the statements are true.

Question 8

Which statement is TRUE about research on perceptual-motor skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  It focuses on very complex skills. 
B)  It depends more on intellectual prowess. 
C)  Studies might consist of pressing buttons or tracking the position of a moving object . 
D)  All of the statements are true. 
A)  It focuses on very complex skills. 
B)  It depends more on intellectual prowess. 
C)  Studies might consist of pressing buttons or tracking the position of a moving object . 
D)  All of the statements are true.

Question 9

A skill is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to perform a task that has been honed through experience. 
B)  fact that one can learn through repeated exposure. 
C)  event one can remember from childhood. 
D)  ability that is innate, such as a reflex. 
A)  ability to perform a task that has been honed through experience. 
B)  fact that one can learn through repeated exposure. 
C)  event one can remember from childhood. 
D)  ability that is innate, such as a reflex.

Question 10

Which disorder involves a reduction in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta that control activity in the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

A)  transcranial deficit 
B)  Parkinson's disease 
C)  Huntington's disease 
D)  apraxia 
A)  transcranial deficit 
B)  Parkinson's disease 
C)  Huntington's disease 
D)  apraxia

Question 11

Learning a skill without one being aware that one has learned it is known as _____ learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  massed 
B)  implicit 
C)  open 
D)  variable 
A)  massed 
B)  implicit 
C)  open 
D)  variable

Question 12

According to Thorndike's identical elements theory, if one learns to swim in an indoor pool, one will swim the BEST in:

Accepted Answer

A)  an indoor pool. 
B)  an outdoor pool. 
C)  a small lake. 
D)  the ocean. 
A)  an indoor pool. 
B)  an outdoor pool. 
C)  a small lake. 
D)  the ocean.

Question 13

Which treatment is used to alleviate tremors and other motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  electroconvulsive therapy 
B)  perceptual-motor therapy 
C)  transcranial therapy 
D)  deep brain stimulation 
A)  electroconvulsive therapy 
B)  perceptual-motor therapy 
C)  transcranial therapy 
D)  deep brain stimulation

Question 14

On mirror-tracing tasks, people with damage to the cerebellum _____ than unimpaired people.

Accepted Answer

A)  learn the task more slowly 
B)  learn the task more quickly 
C)  show less transfer of training 
D)  show more transfer of training 
A)  learn the task more slowly 
B)  learn the task more quickly 
C)  show less transfer of training 
D)  show more transfer of training

Question 15

A participant observing a film forms memories that he later uses to improve his own skills in that area. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  observational learning. 
B)  power law of practice. 
C)  knowledge of skills. 
D)  cognitive skill. 
A)  observational learning. 
B)  power law of practice. 
C)  knowledge of skills. 
D)  cognitive skill.

Question 16

Give an example of how one might use constant practice to learn to hit a tennis ball. How would this differ from using variable practice?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Illustrate the basic i

Question 17

People with Parkinson's disease:

Accepted Answer

A)  can be treated with deep brain stimulation. 
B)  have trouble with mirror-reading tasks. 
C)  usually begin experiencing symptoms in their twenties. 
D)  have abnormally high levels of dopamine. 
A)  can be treated with deep brain stimulation. 
B)  have trouble with mirror-reading tasks. 
C)  usually begin experiencing symptoms in their twenties. 
D)  have abnormally high levels of dopamine.

Question 18

Individuals with anterograde amnesia can:

Accepted Answer

A)  not learn new facts or new skills. 
B)  learn new skills but are unaware of having learned them. 
C)  learn new skills if they are reminded each day of what they had practiced the previous day. 
D)  learn new facts but not new skills. 
A)  not learn new facts or new skills. 
B)  learn new skills but are unaware of having learned them. 
C)  learn new skills if they are reminded each day of what they had practiced the previous day. 
D)  learn new facts but not new skills.

Question 19

What has been found regarding the impact of sleep on people's ability to perform a sequenced finger-tapping task?

Accepted Answer

A)  Practicing two skills on the same day can interfere with retention of the second skill practiced. 
B)  Practicing two skills on the same day can interfere with retention of the first skill practiced. 
C)  Reviewing a recently learned skill before beginning to practice a new one can interfere with retention of the new skill. 
D)  Reviewing a recently learned skill before beginning to practice a new one can interfere with retention of both skills. 
A)  Practicing two skills on the same day can interfere with retention of the second skill practiced. 
B)  Practicing two skills on the same day can interfere with retention of the first skill practiced. 
C)  Reviewing a recently learned skill before beginning to practice a new one can interfere with retention of the new skill. 
D)  Reviewing a recently learned skill before beginning to practice a new one can interfere with retention of both skills.

Question 20

Researchers studying expertise sometimes focus on the abilities of professionals (athletes, chess masters, etc.) because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the researchers have a great deal of control over the environmental variables affecting such people. 
B)  the performance of professionals is usually easy to quantify. 
C)  these areas only require cognitive skills, which are the most interesting to researchers. 
D)  professionals all have roughly the same level of expertise, which eliminates variability in the data. 
A)  the researchers have a great deal of control over the environmental variables affecting such people. 
B)  the performance of professionals is usually easy to quantify. 
C)  these areas only require cognitive skills, which are the most interesting to researchers. 
D)  professionals all have roughly the same level of expertise, which eliminates variability in the data.

In 2005, Harvard University president Larry Summers provoked controversy by suggesting that:

Psychologists usually associate cognitive skills with the:

Which activity is the BEST example of a closed skill?

Suppose one is practicing a speech for a class. Based on what one learned about the impact of knowledge of results on practice, what should one do to maximize the effectiveness of practice?

Thorndike proposed that learned abilities transfer to new situations to an extent that depends on the number of elements in the new situation. This is referred to as:

Which stage of Fitts's three-stage model would act in using written instructions to set up a tent?

Which statement is TRUE about skill memories?

Which statement is TRUE about research on perceptual-motor skills?

A skill is a(n):

Which disorder involves a reduction in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta that control activity in the basal ganglia?

Learning a skill without one being aware that one has learned it is known as _____ learning.

According to Thorndike's identical elements theory, if one learns to swim in an indoor pool, one will swim the BEST in:

Which treatment is used to alleviate tremors and other motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease?

On mirror-tracing tasks, people with damage to the cerebellum _____ than unimpaired people.

A participant observing a film forms memories that he later uses to improve his own skills in that area. This is known as:

Give an example of how one might use constant practice to learn to hit a tennis ball. How would this differ from using variable practice?

People with Parkinson's disease:

Individuals with anterograde amnesia can:

What has been found regarding the impact of sleep on people's ability to perform a sequenced finger-tapping task?

Researchers studying expertise sometimes focus on the abilities of professionals (athletes, chess masters, etc.) because:

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 8: Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

In 2005, Harvard University president Larry Summers provoked controversy by suggesting that:

Psychologists usually associate cognitive skills with the:

Which activity is the BEST example of a closed skill?

Suppose one is practicing a speech for a class. Based on what one learned about the impact of knowledge of results on practice, what should one do to maximize the effectiveness of practice?

Thorndike proposed that learned abilities transfer to new situations to an extent that depends on the number of elements in the new situation. This is referred to as:

Which stage of Fitts's three-stage model would act in using written instructions to set up a tent?

Which statement is TRUE about skill memories?

Which statement is TRUE about research on perceptual-motor skills?

A skill is a(n):

Which disorder involves a reduction in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta that control activity in the basal ganglia?

Learning a skill without one being aware that one has learned it is known as _____ learning.

According to Thorndike's identical elements theory, if one learns to swim in an indoor pool, one will swim the BEST in:

Which treatment is used to alleviate tremors and other motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease?

On mirror-tracing tasks, people with damage to the cerebellum _____ than unimpaired people.

A participant observing a film forms memories that he later uses to improve his own skills in that area. This is known as:

Give an example of how one might use constant practice to learn to hit a tennis ball. How would this differ from using variable practice?

People with Parkinson's disease:

Individuals with anterograde amnesia can:

What has been found regarding the impact of sleep on people's ability to perform a sequenced finger-tapping task?

Researchers studying expertise sometimes focus on the abilities of professionals (athletes, chess masters, etc.) because:

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters