Question 1

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, the:

Accepted Answer

A)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the bodily responses associated with that emotion. 
B)  bodily responses associated with an emotion leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
C)  cognitive assessment of an emotional situation leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
D)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the cognitive assessment of that emotional situation. 
A)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the bodily responses associated with that emotion. 
B)  bodily responses associated with an emotion leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
C)  cognitive assessment of an emotional situation leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
D)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the cognitive assessment of that emotional situation.

Question 2

Which statement is an example of mood congruency of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  If one is upset, one remembers unpleasant material better than pleasant material. 
B)  Word pairs are easier to learn if both words convey the same mood. 
C)  In general, one remembers pleasant experiences better than unpleasant experiences. 
D)  In general, one remembers unpleasant experiences better than pleasant experiences. 
A)  If one is upset, one remembers unpleasant material better than pleasant material. 
B)  Word pairs are easier to learn if both words convey the same mood. 
C)  In general, one remembers pleasant experiences better than unpleasant experiences. 
D)  In general, one remembers unpleasant experiences better than pleasant experiences.

Question 3

Lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala disrupt the ability to respond to _____ in a conditioned emotional response paradigm.

Accepted Answer

A)  both a CS and a US 
B)  the US but not the CS 
C)  neither the CS nor the US 
D)  the CS but not the US 
A)  both a CS and a US 
B)  the US but not the CS 
C)  neither the CS nor the US 
D)  the CS but not the US

Question 4

The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A)  gathering sensory input from the thalamus. 
B)  driving expression of physiological responses to emotional stimuli. 
C)  driving behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. 
D)  modulating storage and retrieval of emotional memories. 
A)  gathering sensory input from the thalamus. 
B)  driving expression of physiological responses to emotional stimuli. 
C)  driving behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. 
D)  modulating storage and retrieval of emotional memories.

Question 5

The direct pathway to the amygdala is _____ and conveys _____ detail than the indirect pathway to the amygdala.

Accepted Answer

A)  faster; more 
B)  faster; less 
C)  slower; more 
D)  slower; less 
A)  faster; more 
B)  faster; less 
C)  slower; more 
D)  slower; less

Question 6

Which statement is TRUE regarding emotions in nonhuman animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotions cannot be studied in nonhuman animals because there is no way to assess whether such animals have a subjective experience of emotions like humans do. 
B)  The biological responses made in emotional situations are similar in humans and nonhuman animals. 
C)  Nonhuman animals do not display any overt behaviors that can be linked to emotions. 
D)  Different animals have vastly different reactions to emotional stimuli. 
A)  Emotions cannot be studied in nonhuman animals because there is no way to assess whether such animals have a subjective experience of emotions like humans do. 
B)  The biological responses made in emotional situations are similar in humans and nonhuman animals. 
C)  Nonhuman animals do not display any overt behaviors that can be linked to emotions. 
D)  Different animals have vastly different reactions to emotional stimuli.

Question 7

According to Seligman's research on learned helplessness, one way to help "immunize" people from becoming depressed would be to:

Accepted Answer

A)  surround them with as many pleasant stimuli as possible. 
B)  put them in situations where they cannot possibly escape from adversity. 
C)  make sure they do not experience much adversity in their life. 
D)  expose them early in life to adversities they can overcome. 
A)  surround them with as many pleasant stimuli as possible. 
B)  put them in situations where they cannot possibly escape from adversity. 
C)  make sure they do not experience much adversity in their life. 
D)  expose them early in life to adversities they can overcome.

Question 8

One difference between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  with PTSD, the fear is triggered by a specific stimulus, whereas with phobias the fear is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli. 
B)  with phobias, the fear is triggered by a specific stimulus, whereas with PTSD the fear is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli. 
C)  PTSD, but not phobias, can be explained by classical conditioning. 
D)  phobias, but not PTSD, can be explained by classical conditioning. 
A)  with PTSD, the fear is triggered by a specific stimulus, whereas with phobias the fear is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli. 
B)  with phobias, the fear is triggered by a specific stimulus, whereas with PTSD the fear is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli. 
C)  PTSD, but not phobias, can be explained by classical conditioning. 
D)  phobias, but not PTSD, can be explained by classical conditioning.

Question 9

Which part of the brain is particularly important for expressing emotions in a socially appropriate manner and interpreting the emotions of others?

Accepted Answer

A)  the thalamus 
B)  the frontal lobes 
C)  the hippocampus 
D)  the brainstem nuclei 
A)  the thalamus 
B)  the frontal lobes 
C)  the hippocampus 
D)  the brainstem nuclei

Question 10

The chief glucocorticoid in humans is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine. 
B)  glucocorticoid. 
C)  cortisol. 
D)  serotonin. 
A)  epinephrine. 
B)  glucocorticoid. 
C)  cortisol. 
D)  serotonin.

Question 11

What is mood congruency of memory? What does it suggest about the effects of emotion on retrieval?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Describe the

Question 12

What is the phenomenon in which exposure to an uncontrollable punisher reduces the chance that an organism will try to make an avoidance response?

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned emotional response 
B)  learned helplessness 
C)  conditioned avoidance 
D)  perseveration 
A)  conditioned emotional response 
B)  learned helplessness 
C)  conditioned avoidance 
D)  perseveration

Question 13

A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion. 
B)  fear response. 
C)  arousal. 
D)  fight-or-flight. 
A)  emotion. 
B)  fear response. 
C)  arousal. 
D)  fight-or-flight.

Question 14

A classical-conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that PTSD patients:

Accepted Answer

A)  take longer to extinguish a CR. 
B)  fail to acquire CS-US associations. 
C)  extinguish the CR more quickly. 
D)  are slower to acquire CS-US associations. 
A)  take longer to extinguish a CR. 
B)  fail to acquire CS-US associations. 
C)  extinguish the CR more quickly. 
D)  are slower to acquire CS-US associations.

Question 15

Give an example of a flashbulb memory and explain how it is different from an ordinary memory.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Describe a memory of a

Question 16

A classical conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that the:

Accepted Answer

A)  traumatic event is a CS. 
B)  stimuli that occur with the traumatic event are CSs. 
C)  fear that occurs once the trauma is gone is a UR. 
D)  stimuli that occur with the traumatic event are USs. 
A)  traumatic event is a CS. 
B)  stimuli that occur with the traumatic event are CSs. 
C)  fear that occurs once the trauma is gone is a UR. 
D)  stimuli that occur with the traumatic event are USs.

Question 17

Oliver was furious when he learned that his brother had stolen money from him. His heart rate and blood pressure increased, and he started to breathe more rapidly. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion:

Accepted Answer

A)  Oliver determined that his physiological changes were a result of the theft, and he labeled the changes as "anger." 
B)  Oliver felt angry that led to the physiological changes he experienced. 
C)  Oliver took into account both his physiological changes and the theft in determining that the emotion he felt was "anger." 
D)  Oliver's physiological changes led him to consciously experience "anger." 
A)  Oliver determined that his physiological changes were a result of the theft, and he labeled the changes as "anger." 
B)  Oliver felt angry that led to the physiological changes he experienced. 
C)  Oliver took into account both his physiological changes and the theft in determining that the emotion he felt was "anger." 
D)  Oliver's physiological changes led him to consciously experience "anger."

Question 18

Although Cooper tried to learn to play chess, other players easily beat him. Now Cooper refuses to try playing chess again. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a conditioned emotional response. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  mood congruency of memory. 
D)  perseveration. 
A)  a conditioned emotional response. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  mood congruency of memory. 
D)  perseveration.

Question 19

Jessica has a hard time when she goes on a school trip to the zoo. When they go into the reptile house, she starts to shake and constantly looks at the floor worried that a snake might have gotten loose. Jessica suffers from what type of phobia?

Accepted Answer

A)  agoraphobia 
B)  acrophobia 
C)  arachnophobia 
D)  ophidiopobia 
A)  agoraphobia 
B)  acrophobia 
C)  arachnophobia 
D)  ophidiopobia

Question 20

There is a type of therapy that allows veterans to navigate through a simulated virtual-reality version of the region where they had their most stressful combat-related experiences, undergoing repeated exposure to the fear-evoking stimuli within the safe context of a therapist's office. Under these conditions, many individuals experience gradual reduction of PTSD symptoms. This therapy is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  directed forgetting. 
B)  extinction therapy. 
C)  exposure therapy. 
D)  metal mapping. 
A)  directed forgetting. 
B)  extinction therapy. 
C)  exposure therapy. 
D)  metal mapping.

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, the:

Which statement is an example of mood congruency of memory?

Lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala disrupt the ability to respond to _____ in a conditioned emotional response paradigm.

The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is responsible for:

The direct pathway to the amygdala is _ and conveys _ detail than the indirect pathway to the amygdala.

Which statement is TRUE regarding emotions in nonhuman animals?

According to Seligman's research on learned helplessness, one way to help "immunize" people from becoming depressed would be to:

One difference between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias is that:

Which part of the brain is particularly important for expressing emotions in a socially appropriate manner and interpreting the emotions of others?

The chief glucocorticoid in humans is known as:

What is mood congruency of memory? What does it suggest about the effects of emotion on retrieval?

What is the phenomenon in which exposure to an uncontrollable punisher reduces the chance that an organism will try to make an avoidance response?

A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

A classical-conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that PTSD patients:

Give an example of a flashbulb memory and explain how it is different from an ordinary memory.

A classical conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that the:

Oliver was furious when he learned that his brother had stolen money from him. His heart rate and blood pressure increased, and he started to breathe more rapidly. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion:

Although Cooper tried to learn to play chess, other players easily beat him. Now Cooper refuses to try playing chess again. This is an example of:

Jessica has a hard time when she goes on a school trip to the zoo. When they go into the reptile house, she starts to shake and constantly looks at the floor worried that a snake might have gotten loose. Jessica suffers from what type of phobia?

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 10: Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, the:

Which statement is an example of mood congruency of memory?

Lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala disrupt the ability to respond to _____ in a conditioned emotional response paradigm.

The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is responsible for:

The direct pathway to the amygdala is _____ and conveys _____ detail than the indirect pathway to the amygdala.

Which statement is TRUE regarding emotions in nonhuman animals?

According to Seligman's research on learned helplessness, one way to help "immunize" people from becoming depressed would be to:

One difference between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias is that:

Which part of the brain is particularly important for expressing emotions in a socially appropriate manner and interpreting the emotions of others?

The chief glucocorticoid in humans is known as:

What is mood congruency of memory? What does it suggest about the effects of emotion on retrieval?

What is the phenomenon in which exposure to an uncontrollable punisher reduces the chance that an organism will try to make an avoidance response?

A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

A classical-conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that PTSD patients:

Give an example of a flashbulb memory and explain how it is different from an ordinary memory.

A classical conditioning explanation for PTSD suggests that the:

Oliver was furious when he learned that his brother had stolen money from him. His heart rate and blood pressure increased, and he started to breathe more rapidly. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion:

Although Cooper tried to learn to play chess, other players easily beat him. Now Cooper refuses to try playing chess again. This is an example of:

Jessica has a hard time when she goes on a school trip to the zoo. When they go into the reptile house, she starts to shake and constantly looks at the floor worried that a snake might have gotten loose. Jessica suffers from what type of phobia?

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

The direct pathway to the amygdala is _ and conveys _ detail than the indirect pathway to the amygdala.