Exam 10: Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Which statement is TRUE regarding activation of the amygdala in normal healthy people?

Five-year-old Julian has learned that loud thunder usually follows a bolt of lightning. As soon as he sees lightning, he covers his ears to avoid the loud thunder. According to the two-factor theory of avoidance learning, covering his ears is reinforced because:

In _____ people are instructed to explicitly forget information:

Hannah successfully solved several problems in her math class. She was then given some very difficult problems that she could not solve. The research on learned helplessness suggests that if Hannah is then given some easier problems to try to solve, she will:

Holding a pencil between one's teeth so that one is "smiling," can increase feelings of happiness. This is consistent with the predictions of which theory?

When researchers injected participants with a stress hormone that increases arousal and then put them in a room with a person who acted either irritated or joyful, they found that the participants reported feeling:

Which statement is an example of an overt behavior caused by an emotion?

What is one reason flashbulb memories can contain inaccuracies?

The medial prefrontal cortex seems to be involved in:

The part of the brain that mediates learning about contextual information is the:

Provide an example of conditioned escape in everyday life.

The defense membrane used by the brain that controls the passage of substances from the blood into the central nervous system is referred to as the:

Epinephrine:

According to cognitive expectancy theories of avoidance, animals make a decision based on:

Describe two examples of emotional responses in nonhuman animals.

As a child, Eva had a nightmare about clowns and she now feels fearful upon seeing clowns as an adult. One explanation for her fear is that:

Which part of the amygdala is primarily responsible for the increase in heart rate and blood pressure that is experienced when a person feels fear?

The case of "Little Albert" has not been able to be repeated again because:

Describe the function of each of the direct and indirect neural pathways for emotion.

Suppose one has just learned that one has lost their job, and one is feeling very angry at their boss. Discuss the role of the frontal lobes in one's experience and expression of anger in this example.