Question 1

Which structures is an α-anomer?

Accepted Answer

A)  structure a 
B)  structure b 
C)  structure c 
D)  structure d 
E)  structure e 
A)  structure a 
B)  structure b 
C)  structure c 
D)  structure d 
E)  structure e

Question 2

A patient with chronic pancreatitis has her pancreas removed.Which of the following effects would be most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  nothing 
B)  the regeneration of the pancreas 
C)  type I diabetes 
D)  type II diabetes 
E)  hypoglycemia 
A)  nothing 
B)  the regeneration of the pancreas 
C)  type I diabetes 
D)  type II diabetes 
E)  hypoglycemia

Question 3

Which carbon of L-dopa is a chirality center?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon A 
B)  carbon B 
C)  carbon C 
D)  carbon D 
E)  carbon E 
A)  carbon A 
B)  carbon B 
C)  carbon C 
D)  carbon D 
E)  carbon E

Question 4

Below is the open-chain form of fructose, followed by several cyclic monosaccharides.Choose the cyclic monosaccharides that are the ring form of fructose.

Accepted Answer

A)  Only structure II is D-fructose. 
B)  Only structure III is D-fructose. 
C)  Both structures I and II are D-fructose. 
D)  Both structure III and IV are D-fructose. 
E)  All of these structures are D-fructose. 
A)  Only structure II is D-fructose. 
B)  Only structure III is D-fructose. 
C)  Both structures I and II are D-fructose. 
D)  Both structure III and IV are D-fructose. 
E)  All of these structures are D-fructose.

Question 5

In which of the following Haworth projections is the arrow pointing to the anomeric carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  structure a 
B)  structure b 
C)  structure c 
D)  structure d 
E)  structure e 
A)  structure a 
B)  structure b 
C)  structure c 
D)  structure d 
E)  structure e

Question 6

The circled carbon in the cyclic structure of glucose corresponds to which boxed carbon in the linear structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  choice a 
B)  choice b 
C)  choice c 
D)  choice d 
E)  choice e 
A)  choice a 
B)  choice b 
C)  choice c 
D)  choice d 
E)  choice e

Question 7

What is the relationship between the following two molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are enantiomers. 
B)  They are identical. 
C)  They are conformers. 
D)  They are constitutional isomers. 
E)  They are unrelated. 
A)  They are enantiomers. 
B)  They are identical. 
C)  They are conformers. 
D)  They are constitutional isomers. 
E)  They are unrelated.

Question 8

Which disaccharide has glycosidic bonds to the anomeric carbons of both monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose 
B)  sucrose 
C)  cellobiose 
D)  maltose 
E)  both cellobiose and maltose 
A)  lactose 
B)  sucrose 
C)  cellobiose 
D)  maltose 
E)  both cellobiose and maltose

Question 9

Which of the following sugars is called "blood sugar"?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  glycogen 
C)  fructose 
D)  sucrose 
E)  All of the above are called blood sugar. 
A)  glucose 
B)  glycogen 
C)  fructose 
D)  sucrose 
E)  All of the above are called blood sugar.

Question 10

Which statement does NOT describe the anomeric carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the carbon of the carbonyl in the open-chain form of the sugar. 
B)  This carbon is attached to two oxygens in the ring form of the compound. 
C)  The hydroxyl group on this carbon can be above or below the ring. 
D)  Glucose does not contain an anomeric carbon. 
E)  The anomeric carbon is a chirality center. 
A)  It is the carbon of the carbonyl in the open-chain form of the sugar. 
B)  This carbon is attached to two oxygens in the ring form of the compound. 
C)  The hydroxyl group on this carbon can be above or below the ring. 
D)  Glucose does not contain an anomeric carbon. 
E)  The anomeric carbon is a chirality center.

Question 11

Which of the following sugars is the enantiomer of D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugar a 
B)  sugar b 
C)  sugar c 
D)  sugar d 
E)  sugar e 
A)  sugar a 
B)  sugar b 
C)  sugar c 
D)  sugar d 
E)  sugar e

Question 12

Which of the following statements describes the role of insulin in the body? I.Insulin signals to cells to allow glucose to enter.
II)Insulin stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen.
III)Insulin stimulates the hydrolysis of glucose from glycogen.

Accepted Answer

A)  All of these describe the role of insulin in the body. 
B)  I only 
C)  II only 
D)  III only 
E)  I and II 
A)  All of these describe the role of insulin in the body. 
B)  I only 
C)  II only 
D)  III only 
E)  I and II

Question 13

In which of the sugars below is the arrow pointing to the carbon that determines whether a sugar is α- or β-?

Accepted Answer

A)  structure a 
B)  structure b 
C)  structure c 
D)  structure d 
E)  structure e 
A)  structure a 
B)  structure b 
C)  structure c 
D)  structure d 
E)  structure e

Question 14

The Fischer projection for fructose is shown below.Which functional group(s)does fructose contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  an aldehyde only 
B)  hydroxyl groups only 
C)  hydroxyl groups and an alkene 
D)  hydroxyl groups and a ketone 
E)  hydroxyl groups and an aldehyde 
A)  an aldehyde only 
B)  hydroxyl groups only 
C)  hydroxyl groups and an alkene 
D)  hydroxyl groups and a ketone 
E)  hydroxyl groups and an aldehyde

Question 15

Animals store energy in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  amylose. 
B)  amylopectin. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  cellulose. 
E)  amylose and amylopectin. 
A)  amylose. 
B)  amylopectin. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  cellulose. 
E)  amylose and amylopectin.

Question 16

Which molecule is chiral?

Accepted Answer

A)  molecule a 
B)  molecule b 
C)  molecule c 
D)  molecule d 
E)  molecule e 
A)  molecule a 
B)  molecule b 
C)  molecule c 
D)  molecule d 
E)  molecule e

Question 17

Which disaccharide is the common type of sugar that comes from sugar cane or beets?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose 
B)  sucrose 
C)  cellobiose 
D)  maltose 
E)  both cellobiose and maltose 
A)  lactose 
B)  sucrose 
C)  cellobiose 
D)  maltose 
E)  both cellobiose and maltose

Question 18

Which is the BEST definition for diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes is hypoglycemia due to an excess of insulin. 
B)  Diabetes is hypoglycemia due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin. 
C)  Diabetes is hyperglycemia due to an excess of insulin. 
D)  Diabetes is hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin. 
E)  Diabetes is any disorder of blood sugar. 
A)  Diabetes is hypoglycemia due to an excess of insulin. 
B)  Diabetes is hypoglycemia due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin. 
C)  Diabetes is hyperglycemia due to an excess of insulin. 
D)  Diabetes is hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin. 
E)  Diabetes is any disorder of blood sugar.

Question 19

Most animals cannot digest cellulose.However, those with a second stomach, containing specific bacteria that produce β-glycosidases, can digest cellulose.What is the role of the β-glycosidase in digesting cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the oxidation of cellulose. 
B)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the isomerization of β-glycosidic bonds into α-glycosidic bonds. 
C)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the reduction of cellulose. 
D)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose. 
E)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the dehydration of cellulose. 
A)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the oxidation of cellulose. 
B)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the isomerization of β-glycosidic bonds into α-glycosidic bonds. 
C)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the reduction of cellulose. 
D)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose. 
E)  β-glycosidase catalyzes the dehydration of cellulose.

Question 20

Which glycosidic linkage does the sugar shown below contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  β-(2→4) 
B)  α-(1→4) 
C)  β-(1→4) 
D)  α-(2→4) 
E)  α-(2→6) 
A)  β-(2→4) 
B)  α-(1→4) 
C)  β-(1→4) 
D)  α-(2→4) 
E)  α-(2→6)

Which structures is an α-anomer?

A patient with chronic pancreatitis has her pancreas removed.Which of the following effects would be most likely?

Which carbon of L-dopa is a chirality center?

Below is the open-chain form of fructose, followed by several cyclic monosaccharides.Choose the cyclic monosaccharides that are the ring form of fructose.

In which of the following Haworth projections is the arrow pointing to the anomeric carbon?

The circled carbon in the cyclic structure of glucose corresponds to which boxed carbon in the linear structure?

What is the relationship between the following two molecules?

Which disaccharide has glycosidic bonds to the anomeric carbons of both monosaccharides?

Which of the following sugars is called "blood sugar"?

Which statement does NOT describe the anomeric carbon?

Which of the following sugars is the enantiomer of D-glucose?

Which of the following statements describes the role of insulin in the body? I.Insulin signals to cells to allow glucose to enter. II)Insulin stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen. III)Insulin stimulates the hydrolysis of glucose from glycogen.

In which of the sugars below is the arrow pointing to the carbon that determines whether a sugar is α- or β-?

The Fischer projection for fructose is shown below.Which functional group(s)does fructose contain?

Animals store energy in the form of

Which molecule is chiral?

Which disaccharide is the common type of sugar that comes from sugar cane or beets?

Which is the BEST definition for diabetes?

Most animals cannot digest cellulose.However, those with a second stomach, containing specific bacteria that produce β-glycosidases, can digest cellulose.What is the role of the β-glycosidase in digesting cellulose?

Which glycosidic linkage does the sugar shown below contain?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Energy and Metabolism

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Exam 14: Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Which structures is an α-anomer?

A patient with chronic pancreatitis has her pancreas removed.Which of the following effects would be most likely?

Which carbon of L-dopa is a chirality center?

Below is the open-chain form of fructose, followed by several cyclic monosaccharides.Choose the cyclic monosaccharides that are the ring form of fructose.

In which of the following Haworth projections is the arrow pointing to the anomeric carbon?

The circled carbon in the cyclic structure of glucose corresponds to which boxed carbon in the linear structure?

What is the relationship between the following two molecules?

Which disaccharide has glycosidic bonds to the anomeric carbons of both monosaccharides?

Which of the following sugars is called "blood sugar"?

Which statement does NOT describe the anomeric carbon?

Which of the following sugars is the enantiomer of D-glucose?

Which of the following statements describes the role of insulin in the body? I.Insulin signals to cells to allow glucose to enter. II)Insulin stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen. III)Insulin stimulates the hydrolysis of glucose from glycogen.

In which of the sugars below is the arrow pointing to the carbon that determines whether a sugar is α- or β-?

The Fischer projection for fructose is shown below.Which functional group(s)does fructose contain?

Animals store energy in the form of

Which molecule is chiral?

Which disaccharide is the common type of sugar that comes from sugar cane or beets?

Which is the BEST definition for diabetes?

Most animals cannot digest cellulose.However, those with a second stomach, containing specific bacteria that produce β-glycosidases, can digest cellulose.What is the role of the β-glycosidase in digesting cellulose?

Which glycosidic linkage does the sugar shown below contain?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Energy and Metabolism

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