Question 1

How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

A) one-quarter as much 
B) four times as much 
C) one-half as much 
D) twice as much 
A) one-quarter as much 
B) four times as much 
C) one-half as much 
D) twice as much

Question 2

Scenario
Amanda's parents realized that her body was not developing properly about the time she was 12 years old. She was shorter than most of her friends and was not going through changes normally associated with female puberty. They took her to a doctor who initially diagnosed Amanda with Turner Syndrome because of her physical features. The doctor ordered a karyotype that confirmed his diagnosis. Amanda was born with only one X chromosome. Although there is no specific cure, the doctor was able to treat her and correct some of the problems associated with the condition. For example, she received growth hormone to improve her growth and estrogen to help her develop the physical changes of puberty.
-If the diagnosis had discovered that some, but not all, of Amanda's somatic (body, not gamete)cells had only one X chromosome, this could indicate that an error occurred ________.

Accepted Answer

A) during mitosis, leading to the sperm or egg that came together to form Amanda 
B) during meiosis in the first cell division of the original cell that was Amanda (the zygote) 
C) during meiosis, which occurred in Amanda's ovaries 
D) during mitosis, which occurred at a multicellular stage of Amanda's development 
A) during mitosis, leading to the sperm or egg that came together to form Amanda 
B) during meiosis in the first cell division of the original cell that was Amanda (the zygote) 
C) during meiosis, which occurred in Amanda's ovaries 
D) during mitosis, which occurred at a multicellular stage of Amanda's development

Question 3

How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have?

Accepted Answer

A) 2n + 1 
B) n + 1 
C) 2n − 1 
D) n − 1 
A) 2n + 1 
B) n + 1 
C) 2n − 1 
D) n − 1

Question 4

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is that mitosis ________.

Accepted Answer

A) produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not 
B) produces more daughter cells for each division than meiosis 
C) produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells 
D) requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells 
A) produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not 
B) produces more daughter cells for each division than meiosis 
C) produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells 
D) requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells

Question 5

Which type of reproduction is most adaptive in a rapidly changing environment with many different parasitic diseases present?

Accepted Answer

A) asexual reproduction, because the currently successful genotypes can reproduce quickly 
B) asexual reproduction, because asexual reproduction uses less energy, which leaves more for each individual to adapt to the changing environment 
C) sexual reproduction, because the diversity of genotypes increases the likelihood that there is one which can survive in a new environment 
D) sexual reproduction, because this type of reproduction allows the production of a greater number of offspring, thus providing more individuals to take advantage of any environmental challenges presented 
A) asexual reproduction, because the currently successful genotypes can reproduce quickly 
B) asexual reproduction, because asexual reproduction uses less energy, which leaves more for each individual to adapt to the changing environment 
C) sexual reproduction, because the diversity of genotypes increases the likelihood that there is one which can survive in a new environment 
D) sexual reproduction, because this type of reproduction allows the production of a greater number of offspring, thus providing more individuals to take advantage of any environmental challenges presented

Question 6

Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ________ and in mitotic anaphase ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the cells are diploid; the cells are haploid 
B) chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell; chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell 
C) crossing over occurs; crossing over does not occur 
D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate; the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separate 
A) the cells are diploid; the cells are haploid 
B) chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell; chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell 
C) crossing over occurs; crossing over does not occur 
D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate; the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separate

Question 7

A karyotype (a display of the chromosomes in a cell)is often used to look for genetic disorders. Karyotype results would not be useful to determine ________.

Accepted Answer

A) sex 
B) Down syndrome 
C) Turner syndrome 
D) eye color 
A) sex 
B) Down syndrome 
C) Turner syndrome 
D) eye color

Question 8

As shown in the accompanying figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) plant cells produce more daughter cells 
B) plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not 
C) animal cells produce more daughter cells 
D) animal cells form a cell plate and plant cells do not 
A) plant cells produce more daughter cells 
B) plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not 
C) animal cells produce more daughter cells 
D) animal cells form a cell plate and plant cells do not

Question 9

Homologous chromosomes ________.

Accepted Answer

A) differ in shape 
B) have different genes 
C) pair-up during mitosis 
D) separate at meiosis I 
A) differ in shape 
B) have different genes 
C) pair-up during mitosis 
D) separate at meiosis I

Question 10

-The karyotype above shows ________.

Accepted Answer

A) abnormal sex chromosomes 
B) trisomy 21, a cause of Klinefelter syndrome 
C) Turner syndrome 
D) trisomy 21, a cause of Down syndrome 
A) abnormal sex chromosomes 
B) trisomy 21, a cause of Klinefelter syndrome 
C) Turner syndrome 
D) trisomy 21, a cause of Down syndrome

Question 11

Chromatin consists of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA and protein 
B) RNA and protein 
C) membrane wrapped around RNA 
D) membrane wrapped around DNA 
A) DNA and protein 
B) RNA and protein 
C) membrane wrapped around RNA 
D) membrane wrapped around DNA

Question 12

There is evidence of a phenomenon called quorum sensing in rotifers. Under certain conditions, a chemical released by females who usually reproduce asexually results in males being produced. The presence of these males allows sexual reproduction. What conditions would most likely lead to a switch to sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) not enough individuals in the population 
B) too many individuals in the population 
C) a change in the environment 
D) too many males 
A) not enough individuals in the population 
B) too many individuals in the population 
C) a change in the environment 
D) too many males

Question 13

Scenario
Amanda's parents realized that her body was not developing properly about the time she was 12 years old. She was shorter than most of her friends and was not going through changes normally associated with female puberty. They took her to a doctor who initially diagnosed Amanda with Turner Syndrome because of her physical features. The doctor ordered a karyotype that confirmed his diagnosis. Amanda was born with only one X chromosome. Although there is no specific cure, the doctor was able to treat her and correct some of the problems associated with the condition. For example, she received growth hormone to improve her growth and estrogen to help her develop the physical changes of puberty.
-With respect to her sex chromosomes, Amanda would be designated as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) XYY 
B) XO 
C) XOY 
D) XX 
A) XYY 
B) XO 
C) XOY 
D) XX

Question 14

What best explains the chromosome number of the resulting cell if a cell that had completed only meiosis I were fertilized by a normal sperm?

Accepted Answer

A) Both cells would be haploid, so the chromosome number of the resulting cell would be diploid. 
B) This would be a diploid cell being fertilized by a haploid cell, so the chromosome number would be triploid. 
C) At fertilization the sister chromatids in the sperm would separate, so the number would be triploid. 
D) Both cells would be haploid, so the resulting cell would also be haploid. 
A) Both cells would be haploid, so the chromosome number of the resulting cell would be diploid. 
B) This would be a diploid cell being fertilized by a haploid cell, so the chromosome number would be triploid. 
C) At fertilization the sister chromatids in the sperm would separate, so the number would be triploid. 
D) Both cells would be haploid, so the resulting cell would also be haploid.

Question 15

During metaphase I, ________.

Accepted Answer

A) crossing over occurs 
B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell 
C) the nuclear envelope breaks up 
D) sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles 
A) crossing over occurs 
B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell 
C) the nuclear envelope breaks up 
D) sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles

Question 16

In sexual reproduction in humans ________.

Accepted Answer

A) haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg cell 
B) a haploid individual is produced 
C) an individual with 44 chromosomes is produced 
D) two diploid gametes are combined to produce a zygote 
A) haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg cell 
B) a haploid individual is produced 
C) an individual with 44 chromosomes is produced 
D) two diploid gametes are combined to produce a zygote

Question 17

-Which of these mistakes would be evident in the karyotype shown?

Accepted Answer

A) a failure of cytokinesis after meiosis I in gamete formation 
B) a nondisjunction in meiosis II in gamete formation 
C) crossing over in meiosis I in gamete formation 
D) fertilization by two sperm in zygote formation 
A) a failure of cytokinesis after meiosis I in gamete formation 
B) a nondisjunction in meiosis II in gamete formation 
C) crossing over in meiosis I in gamete formation 
D) fertilization by two sperm in zygote formation

Question 18

Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) RNA and protein 
B) DNA and no protein 
C) DNA and histone proteins 
A) RNA and protein 
B) DNA and no protein 
C) DNA and histone proteins

Question 19

For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 20 
A) 4 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 20

Exam 8: Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II?

How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have?

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is that mitosis ________.

Which type of reproduction is most adaptive in a rapidly changing environment with many different parasitic diseases present?

Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ________ and in mitotic anaphase ________.

A karyotype (a display of the chromosomes in a cell)is often used to look for genetic disorders. Karyotype results would not be useful to determine ________.

As shown in the accompanying figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ________.

Homologous chromosomes ________.

-The karyotype above shows ________.

Chromatin consists of ________.

What best explains the chromosome number of the resulting cell if a cell that had completed only meiosis I were fertilized by a normal sperm?

During metaphase I, ________.

In sexual reproduction in humans ________.

-Which of these mistakes would be evident in the karyotype shown?

Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ________.

For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible.

Learning About Life

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

Dna Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters

Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II and in mitotic anaphase .