Exam 21: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Involuntary muscle includes ________.

-Compare how temperature is regulated in a room with a thermostat with how thermoregulation works in the human body. What is most analogous to "Heating starts" (that is, heat is produced)for the human body?

Bone is a type of ________.

A typical skeletal muscle ________.

A diuretic is a substance that ________.

When body temperature is too low, what occurs?

The urinary system is responsible for the elimination of urea, the reabsorption of valuable solutes, and reabsorbing water. Which of those processes occur in the kidney?

Which is the most abundant kind of tissue in the bodies of vertebrates?

Scenario The dune-burrowing spider Seothyra species lives in the Namib Desert on the southwestern coast of Africa. These spiders build silk-lined burrows with a sticky silk mat at the entrance to trap insect prey. While foraging during the day, the spider remains concealed in its burrow and shielded from direct sunlight when prey are not present. When insect prey become entangled in the sticky silk mat, the spider will run out of its burrow and capture the prey insects. During the day, environmental temperatures vary from 17 to 73°C (63-164°F). If a spider is forced to remain outside of its burrow, it shows signs of thermal stress at 49°C. When spiders are unrestrained, they spend more time waiting inside their burrows to keep their internal temperatures below 49°C, even when surface temperatures are above 65°C. In addition, spiders respond more quickly to prey stimuli during the hottest times of the day and capture prey in significantly less time when surface temperatures are above 49°C. The captured arthropods (prey)tend to succumb more quickly to hot surface temperatures; they are more lethargic and struggle less when captured at the high temperature ranges. -When foraging spiders are too hot, they retreat into their burrows. What type of feedback system does this indicate?

Excretion is the movement of substances from the ________ to the ________.

Scenario To study the effect of ambient (environmental)temperature on the metabolic rate of animals, a scientist takes a small animal and puts it in a sealed chamber with oxygen. The scientist measures the amount of oxygen used by the animal at different temperatures, as oxygen is consumed during the process of cellular respiration. The temperatures selected are those that the animal normally encounters in nature. The data from this experiment are in the table below. -To communicate the results of the experiment best, how should the scientist graph the data?

-How will the composition of urine, as shown in this diagram, change when ADH is released by the pituitary gland?

In a person suffering from heat stroke, body temperature disrupts the ________.

A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ________.

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ________.

Which statement applies to freshwater fish?

Skeletal muscle is different from both smooth and cardiac muscle because skeletal muscles ________.

Reabsorption is the movement of substances from the ________ to the ________.

One function of this organ system is ________.

Most homeostatic mechanisms depend on ________.