Question 1

The complement, clotting, and kinin systems share which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of a series of proenzymes 
B)  Phagocytosis initiation 
C)  Granulocyte production 
D)  Activated by interferon 
A)  Activation of a series of proenzymes 
B)  Phagocytosis initiation 
C)  Granulocyte production 
D)  Activated by interferon A

Question 2

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with a parasite.Which lab result should the nurse check for a response to the parasite?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monocytes 
B)  Eosinophils 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Macrophages 
A)  Monocytes 
B)  Eosinophils 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Macrophages B

Question 3

The macrophage secretion that stimulates procollagen synthesis and secretion is:

Accepted Answer

A)  angiogenesis factor. 
B)  matrix metalloproteinase. 
C)  vascular endothelial growth factor. 
D)  transforming growth factor-beta. 
A)  angiogenesis factor. 
B)  matrix metalloproteinase. 
C)  vascular endothelial growth factor. 
D)  transforming growth factor-beta. D

Question 4

A 25-year-old female experiences a headache and takes aspirin for relief.A nurse recalls aspirin relieves the headache by:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing leukotriene production. 
B)  increasing histamine release. 
C)  decreasing prostaglandin production. 
D)  increasing platelet-activating factor. 
A)  decreasing leukotriene production. 
B)  increasing histamine release. 
C)  decreasing prostaglandin production. 
D)  increasing platelet-activating factor.

Question 5

An infant develops a fever secondary to a bacterial infection.Which of the following most likely triggered the fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interleukin-1 
B)  Interleukin-6 
C)  Interleukin-10 
D)  Interferons (IFNs) 
A)  Interleukin-1 
B)  Interleukin-6 
C)  Interleukin-10 
D)  Interferons (IFNs)

Question 6

The post-surgical patient is experiencing delayed wound healing.The dietitian believes the delay is related to nutritional intake.A deficiency in which of the following substances could directly affect healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D 
B)  Ascorbic acid 
C)  Melanin 
D)  Cholesterol 
A)  Vitamin D 
B)  Ascorbic acid 
C)  Melanin 
D)  Cholesterol

Question 7

During inflammation, the liver is stimulated to release plasma proteins, collectively known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  opsonins. 
B)  acute phase reactants. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  phagolysosomes. 
A)  opsonins. 
B)  acute phase reactants. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  phagolysosomes.

Question 8

A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing roofing shingles.Which of the following cell types would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eosinophils 
B)  Neutrophils 
C)  Leukotrienes 
D)  Monocytes 
A)  Eosinophils 
B)  Neutrophils 
C)  Leukotrienes 
D)  Monocytes

Question 9

Physical barriers that offer the body protection from damage and infection are located in the: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  gastrointestinal tract. 
B)  genitourinary tract. 
C)  respiratory tract. 
D)  lymph system. 
E)  hematopoietic system. 
A)  gastrointestinal tract. 
B)  genitourinary tract. 
C)  respiratory tract. 
D)  lymph system. 
E)  hematopoietic system.

Question 10

A 54-year-old male intravenous (IV) drug user is diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C.Testing revealed that he is a candidate for treatment.Which of the following could be used to treat his condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interleukin-1 
B)  Interleukin-6 
C)  Interleukin-10 
D)  INFs 
A)  Interleukin-1 
B)  Interleukin-6 
C)  Interleukin-10 
D)  INFs

Question 11

Healing by secondary intention would occur in which of the following patients? A patient with a:

Accepted Answer

A)  sutured surgical wound. 
B)  stage IV pressure ulcer. 
C)  paper cut. 
D)  sunburn. 
A)  sutured surgical wound. 
B)  stage IV pressure ulcer. 
C)  paper cut. 
D)  sunburn.

Question 12

Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for an opportunistic infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  18 year old with diabetes 
B)  70 year old with congestive heart failure 
C)  24 year old who is immunocompromised 
D)  30 year old with pneumonia 
A)  18 year old with diabetes 
B)  70 year old with congestive heart failure 
C)  24 year old who is immunocompromised 
D)  30 year old with pneumonia

Question 13

A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to his left femur with extensive soft tissue injury.The pain associated with the injury is related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine. 
B)  prostaglandins. 
C)  vasoconstriction. 
D)  immune complex formation. 
A)  histamine. 
B)  prostaglandins. 
C)  vasoconstriction. 
D)  immune complex formation.

Question 14

A 25-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting vaginal discharge of a white, viscous, and foul-smelling substance.She reports that she has been taking antibiotics for the past 6 months.Which finding will the nurse most likely see on the microorganism report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium difficile overgrowth 
B)  Decreased Lactobacillus 
C)  Streptococcus overgrowth 
D)  Decreased Candida albicans 
A)  Clostridium difficile overgrowth 
B)  Decreased Lactobacillus 
C)  Streptococcus overgrowth 
D)  Decreased Candida albicans

Question 15

A nurse recalls the mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotaxis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  degranulation. 
D)  opsonization. 
A)  chemotaxis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  degranulation. 
D)  opsonization.

Question 16

Which factor will help the nurse differentiate leukotrienes from histamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Site of production 
B)  Vascular effect 
C)  Chemotactic ability 
D)  Time of release 
A)  Site of production 
B)  Vascular effect 
C)  Chemotactic ability 
D)  Time of release

Question 17

A public health nurse is teaching the community about health promotion.Which information should the nurse include for innate immunity? Innate immunity is gained:

Accepted Answer

A)  following an illness. 
B)  at birth. 
C)  via injection of specific antibodies. 
D)  in adulthood. 
A)  following an illness. 
B)  at birth. 
C)  via injection of specific antibodies. 
D)  in adulthood.

Question 18

A patient has researched bradykinin on the Internet.Which information indicates the patient understands the functions of bradykinin? Bradykinin is involved in:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing vascular permeability. 
B)  vasoconstricting blood vessels. 
C)  stimulating the clotting system. 
D)  increasing degradation of prostaglandins. 
A)  increasing vascular permeability. 
B)  vasoconstricting blood vessels. 
C)  stimulating the clotting system. 
D)  increasing degradation of prostaglandins.

Question 19

The directional migration of leukocytes along a chemical gradient is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotaxis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  margination. 
D)  diapedesis. 
A)  chemotaxis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  margination. 
D)  diapedesis.

Question 20

A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation.Which of the following types of immunity was compromised?

Accepted Answer

A)  Innate immunity 
B)  Inflammatory response 
C)  Adaptive immunity 
D)  Specific immunity 
A)  Innate immunity 
B)  Inflammatory response 
C)  Adaptive immunity 
D)  Specific immunity

Exam 6: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

The complement, clotting, and kinin systems share which of the following characteristics?

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with a parasite.Which lab result should the nurse check for a response to the parasite?

The macrophage secretion that stimulates procollagen synthesis and secretion is:

A 25-year-old female experiences a headache and takes aspirin for relief.A nurse recalls aspirin relieves the headache by:

An infant develops a fever secondary to a bacterial infection.Which of the following most likely triggered the fever?

The post-surgical patient is experiencing delayed wound healing.The dietitian believes the delay is related to nutritional intake.A deficiency in which of the following substances could directly affect healing?

During inflammation, the liver is stimulated to release plasma proteins, collectively known as:

A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing roofing shingles.Which of the following cell types would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand?

Physical barriers that offer the body protection from damage and infection are located in the: (Select all that apply.)

A 54-year-old male intravenous (IV) drug user is diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C.Testing revealed that he is a candidate for treatment.Which of the following could be used to treat his condition?

Healing by secondary intention would occur in which of the following patients? A patient with a:

Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for an opportunistic infection?

A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to his left femur with extensive soft tissue injury.The pain associated with the injury is related to:

A 25-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting vaginal discharge of a white, viscous, and foul-smelling substance.She reports that she has been taking antibiotics for the past 6 months.Which finding will the nurse most likely see on the microorganism report?

A nurse recalls the mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:

Which factor will help the nurse differentiate leukotrienes from histamine?

A public health nurse is teaching the community about health promotion.Which information should the nurse include for innate immunity? Innate immunity is gained:

A patient has researched bradykinin on the Internet.Which information indicates the patient understands the functions of bradykinin? Bradykinin is involved in:

The directional migration of leukocytes along a chemical gradient is termed:

A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation.Which of the following types of immunity was compromised?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Adaptive Immunity

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations in Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children and Adolescents

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

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