Question 1

Which hypothyroid diagnosis is supported by low levels of TSH?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Autoimmune 
D)  Atypical 
A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Autoimmune 
D)  Atypical B

Question 2

A nurse is assessing a patient with hypoparathyroidism.Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  tetany. 
B)  Chvostek sign. 
C)  Trousseau sign. 
D)  oily skin. 
E)  hair loss. 
A)  tetany. 
B)  Chvostek sign. 
C)  Trousseau sign. 
D)  oily skin. 
E)  hair loss. A, B, C, E

Question 3

When considering hypothyroidism, the basal metabolic rate is unusually:

Accepted Answer

A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  steady. 
D)  variable. 
A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  steady. 
D)  variable. B

Question 4

A 45 year old diagnosed with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of the thyroid gland.During the postoperative period, the patient's serum calcium is low.The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease. 
B)  myxedema secondary to surgery. 
C)  hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands. 
D)  hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement. 
A)  hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease. 
B)  myxedema secondary to surgery. 
C)  hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands. 
D)  hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement.

Question 5

Which physical feature supports the diagnosis of Cushing syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight loss and muscle wasting 
B)  Truncal obesity and moon face 
C)  Pallor and swollen tongue 
D)  Depigmented skin and eyelid lag 
A)  Weight loss and muscle wasting 
B)  Truncal obesity and moon face 
C)  Pallor and swollen tongue 
D)  Depigmented skin and eyelid lag

Question 6

Which assessment result would the nurse expect to find associated with a patient diagnosed with Graves disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  High levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies 
B)  Ectopic secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 
C)  Low circulating levels of thyroid hormones 
D)  Increased circulation of iodine 
A)  High levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies 
B)  Ectopic secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 
C)  Low circulating levels of thyroid hormones 
D)  Increased circulation of iodine

Question 7

What is the cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?

Accepted Answer

A)  A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect 
B)  Obesity and lack of exercise 
C)  Immune destruction of the pancreas 
D)  Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets 
A)  A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect 
B)  Obesity and lack of exercise 
C)  Immune destruction of the pancreas 
D)  Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets

Question 8

A patient presents reporting visual disturbances.When CT reveals a pituitary tumor and lab tests reveal elevated prolactin, the diagnosis of prolactinoma is made.Which intervention is the treatment of choice for this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dopaminergic agonists 
B)  Calcium 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Radiation 
A)  Dopaminergic agonists 
B)  Calcium 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Radiation

Question 9

What is the cause of the hyperpigmentation seen in people with Cushing syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abnormal levels of cortisol 
B)  Permissive effects of aldosterone when cortisol levels are altered 
C)  Elevated levels of ACTH 
D)  Hypersensitivity of melanocytes with sun exposure 
A)  Abnormal levels of cortisol 
B)  Permissive effects of aldosterone when cortisol levels are altered 
C)  Elevated levels of ACTH 
D)  Hypersensitivity of melanocytes with sun exposure

Question 10

Which symptom would the nurse expect in a patient diagnosed with hyperaldosteronism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypovolemia 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Hypokalemia 
D)  Hyponatremia 
A)  Hypovolemia 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Hypokalemia 
D)  Hyponatremia

Question 11

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with SIADH.What severe complication should the nurse assess for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stroke 
B)  Diabetes insipidus 
C)  Neurologic damage 
D)  Renal failure 
A)  Stroke 
B)  Diabetes insipidus 
C)  Neurologic damage 
D)  Renal failure

Question 12

A nurse checks lab results as both Cushing disease and Addison disease can manifest with elevated levels of:

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
D)  aldosterone. 
A)  ADH. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
D)  aldosterone.

Question 13

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features.CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary, and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH).Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased IGF-1 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Muscular atrophy 
D)  Height increases 
A)  Decreased IGF-1 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Muscular atrophy 
D)  Height increases

Question 14

While planning care for a patient from general anesthesia, which principle should the nurse remember? A side effect of some general anesthetic agents is _____ diabetes insipidus.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenic 
B)  nephrogenic 
C)  psychogenic 
D)  allogenic 
A)  neurogenic 
B)  nephrogenic 
C)  psychogenic 
D)  allogenic

Question 15

Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment manifestations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyuria 
B)  Edema 
C)  Vomiting 
D)  Thirst 
A)  Polyuria 
B)  Edema 
C)  Vomiting 
D)  Thirst

Question 16

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a motorcycle accident.The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary.Which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dilutional hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration from polyuria 
C)  Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia 
D)  Metabolic acidosis 
A)  Dilutional hyponatremia 
B)  Dehydration from polyuria 
C)  Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia 
D)  Metabolic acidosis

Question 17

A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH).Which electrolyte imbalance would be expected in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Hypernatremia 
D)  Hypokalemia 
A)  Hyponatremia 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Hypernatremia 
D)  Hypokalemia

Question 18

A patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst and is given exogenous ADH.For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurogenic diabetes insipidus 
B)  Psychogenic diabetes insipidus 
C)  Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 
D)  SIADH 
A)  Neurogenic diabetes insipidus 
B)  Psychogenic diabetes insipidus 
C)  Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 
D)  SIADH

Question 19

What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autoimmune disease 
B)  Cancer 
C)  Pregnancy 
D)  Heart failure 
A)  Autoimmune disease 
B)  Cancer 
C)  Pregnancy 
D)  Heart failure

Question 20

What common neurologic disturbances should the nurse assess for in a patient with a pituitary adenoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coma 
B)  Visual disturbances 
C)  Confused states 
D)  Breathing abnormalities 
A)  Coma 
B)  Visual disturbances 
C)  Confused states 
D)  Breathing abnormalities

Exam 20: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Which hypothyroid diagnosis is supported by low levels of TSH?

A nurse is assessing a patient with hypoparathyroidism.Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism include: (Select all that apply.)

When considering hypothyroidism, the basal metabolic rate is unusually:

A 45 year old diagnosed with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of the thyroid gland.During the postoperative period, the patient's serum calcium is low.The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is:

Which physical feature supports the diagnosis of Cushing syndrome?

Which assessment result would the nurse expect to find associated with a patient diagnosed with Graves disease?

What is the cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?

A patient presents reporting visual disturbances.When CT reveals a pituitary tumor and lab tests reveal elevated prolactin, the diagnosis of prolactinoma is made.Which intervention is the treatment of choice for this condition?

What is the cause of the hyperpigmentation seen in people with Cushing syndrome?

Which symptom would the nurse expect in a patient diagnosed with hyperaldosteronism?

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with SIADH.What severe complication should the nurse assess for?

A nurse checks lab results as both Cushing disease and Addison disease can manifest with elevated levels of:

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features.CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary, and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH).Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

While planning care for a patient from general anesthesia, which principle should the nurse remember? A side effect of some general anesthetic agents is _____ diabetes insipidus.

Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment manifestations?

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a motorcycle accident.The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary.Which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate?

A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH).Which electrolyte imbalance would be expected in this patient?

A patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst and is given exogenous ADH.For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?

What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?

What common neurologic disturbances should the nurse assess for in a patient with a pituitary adenoma?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations in Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children and Adolescents

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

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