Question 1

Who was considered a nativist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aristotle 
B)  René Descartes 
C)  John Locke 
D)  William James 
A)  Aristotle 
B)  René Descartes 
C)  John Locke 
D)  William James

Question 2

Which statement is TRUE about subject bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is possible to gain insight through scientific experiments. 
B)  The subject is asked to verify the results. 
C)  The insights gained are more accurate and specific. 
D)  The participants prior knowledge can influence the current experiment. 
A)  It is possible to gain insight through scientific experiments. 
B)  The subject is asked to verify the results. 
C)  The insights gained are more accurate and specific. 
D)  The participants prior knowledge can influence the current experiment.

Question 3

How can Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection be applied to human learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Convey main ideas that behavioral traits

Question 4

Miriam has been studying the effects that different genres of music have on an individual's demeanor for 5 years now. According to her research, classical music seems to not elicit any type of aggressive behavior. As she conducts her screen, she makes sure that there are no individuals who like classical music in her group. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  experimenter bias. 
B)  experimental design. 
C)  subject bias. 
D)  blind design. 
A)  experimenter bias. 
B)  experimental design. 
C)  subject bias. 
D)  blind design.

Question 5

In a double-blind experimental design:

Accepted Answer

A)  the participant knows the hypothesis being tested. 
B)  the experimenter knows the hypothesis being tested. 
C)  both the participant and the experimenter know the hypothesis being tested. 
D)  neither the participant nor the experimenter knows the hypothesis being tested. 
A)  the participant knows the hypothesis being tested. 
B)  the experimenter knows the hypothesis being tested. 
C)  both the participant and the experimenter know the hypothesis being tested. 
D)  neither the participant nor the experimenter knows the hypothesis being tested.

Question 6

The person who developed the form of learning known as classical conditioning is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Francis Galton. 
B)  Ivan Pavlov. 
C)  Hermann Ebbinghaus. 
D)  John B. Watson. 
A)  Francis Galton. 
B)  Ivan Pavlov. 
C)  Hermann Ebbinghaus. 
D)  John B. Watson.

Question 7

Linda has never been interested in sports, yet everyone in her house plays basketball and football. After dinner one night, everyone goes outside to play basketball. Since there are only five players, Linda is asked to join. As the game goes on, she manages to make almost every shot when the ball is passed to her. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  latent learning. 
B)  generalization. 
C)  the law of effect. 
D)  a placebo effect. 
A)  latent learning. 
B)  generalization. 
C)  the law of effect. 
D)  a placebo effect.

Question 8

Who proposed the extreme form of behaviorism known as radical behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A)  B. F. Skinner 
B)  John B. Watson 
C)  Clark Hull 
D)  Edward Thorndike 
A)  B. F. Skinner 
B)  John B. Watson 
C)  Clark Hull 
D)  Edward Thorndike

Question 9

Which method is NOT a good way to remember something?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repeat the information many times. 
B)  Pay attention when one is first learning the information. 
C)  Focus on just one sense, such as vision or hearing. 
D)  Get enough sleep. 
A)  Repeat the information many times. 
B)  Pay attention when one is first learning the information. 
C)  Focus on just one sense, such as vision or hearing. 
D)  Get enough sleep.

Question 10

Which description is an example of a stimulus in René Descartes' reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

A)  a person being tapped on the shoulder 
B)  spirits flowing from the shoulder to the brain 
C)  spirits being reflected back from the brain to the muscles 
D)  a person turning around to see who has tapped him on the shoulder 
A)  a person being tapped on the shoulder 
B)  spirits flowing from the shoulder to the brain 
C)  spirits being reflected back from the brain to the muscles 
D)  a person turning around to see who has tapped him on the shoulder

Question 11

René Descartes:

Accepted Answer

A)  was an empiricist. 
B)  introduced the idea of associationism. 
C)  claimed that a newborn's mind was a blank slate. 
D)  believed in dualism. 
A)  was an empiricist. 
B)  introduced the idea of associationism. 
C)  claimed that a newborn's mind was a blank slate. 
D)  believed in dualism.

Question 12

The person who FIRST attempted to develop a comprehensive mathematical model of animal learning was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Edward Thorndike. 
B)  Ivan Pavlov. 
C)  John B. Watson. 
D)  Clark Hull. 
A)  Edward Thorndike. 
B)  Ivan Pavlov. 
C)  John B. Watson. 
D)  Clark Hull.

Question 13

Marty's dog always sits when Marty opens the cupboard to get the dog a biscuit. How would a behaviorist describe the dog's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  The dog thinks that, if he sits, he will get a biscuit. 
B)  The dog is hungry, so his instincts tell him to sit. 
C)  The dog expects to get a biscuit when Marty opens the cupboard. 
D)  The dog sits when Marty opens the cupboard. 
A)  The dog thinks that, if he sits, he will get a biscuit. 
B)  The dog is hungry, so his instincts tell him to sit. 
C)  The dog expects to get a biscuit when Marty opens the cupboard. 
D)  The dog sits when Marty opens the cupboard.

Question 14

Which subfield of psychology focuses on human abilities such as thinking, language, and reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  neo-behaviorism 
C)  cognitive psychology 
D)  behaviorism 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  neo-behaviorism 
C)  cognitive psychology 
D)  behaviorism

Question 15

What was Gordon Bower's concern regarding reporting average learning curves for a large group of people?

Accepted Answer

A)  The average may demonstrate incremental learning even if all individuals demonstrate learning by insight. 
B)  The results may not be generalizable to other groups of people. 
C)  The average fails to distinguish between slow and quick learners. 
D)  The results from lab experiments may not apply to the real world. 
A)  The average may demonstrate incremental learning even if all individuals demonstrate learning by insight. 
B)  The results may not be generalizable to other groups of people. 
C)  The average fails to distinguish between slow and quick learners. 
D)  The results from lab experiments may not apply to the real world.

Question 16

Someone who believes that humans and animals are fundamentally different from each other would agree with the views of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Plato. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Aristotle. 
D)  Francis Galton. 
A)  Plato. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Aristotle. 
D)  Francis Galton.

Question 17

As one reads a textbook, one does not consciously try to keep track of where all of the information is located. Yet, when there is a need to look something up, often one has a good sense of where it can be found in the textbook. What is latent learning, and how is it demonstrated by this example?

Accepted Answer

Define latent learning (learning that ta

Question 18

Charles Darwin observed that finches on different islands had different types of beaks that were most suited to coping with the environment of their particular island. From this insight, he concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A)  life on Earth is immutably fixed. 
B)  life on Earth is evolving. 
C)  animals were created in their present form by God. 
D)  animals migrate to locations that are most suitable. 
A)  life on Earth is immutably fixed. 
B)  life on Earth is evolving. 
C)  animals were created in their present form by God. 
D)  animals migrate to locations that are most suitable.

Question 19

Edward Tolman's research on the formation of cognitive maps in rats was important because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrated that learning is based on stimulus-response association. 
B)  emphasized the importance of studying the role of internal representations in learning. 
C)  enabled him to devise a comprehensive mathematical model of animal learning. 
D)  demonstrated the importance of insight in learning. 
A)  demonstrated that learning is based on stimulus-response association. 
B)  emphasized the importance of studying the role of internal representations in learning. 
C)  enabled him to devise a comprehensive mathematical model of animal learning. 
D)  demonstrated the importance of insight in learning.

Question 20

How would Aristotle's three principles of association explain how people come to associate dog and cat?

Accepted Answer

1) Contiguity-people see dogs and cats t

Who was considered a nativist?

Which statement is TRUE about subject bias?

How can Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection be applied to human learning and memory?

In a double-blind experimental design:

The person who developed the form of learning known as classical conditioning is:

Who proposed the extreme form of behaviorism known as radical behaviorism?

Which method is NOT a good way to remember something?

Which description is an example of a stimulus in René Descartes' reflex arc?

René Descartes:

The person who FIRST attempted to develop a comprehensive mathematical model of animal learning was:

Marty's dog always sits when Marty opens the cupboard to get the dog a biscuit. How would a behaviorist describe the dog's behavior?

Which subfield of psychology focuses on human abilities such as thinking, language, and reasoning?

What was Gordon Bower's concern regarding reporting average learning curves for a large group of people?

Someone who believes that humans and animals are fundamentally different from each other would agree with the views of:

As one reads a textbook, one does not consciously try to keep track of where all of the information is located. Yet, when there is a need to look something up, often one has a good sense of where it can be found in the textbook. What is latent learning, and how is it demonstrated by this example?

Charles Darwin observed that finches on different islands had different types of beaks that were most suited to coping with the environment of their particular island. From this insight, he concluded that:

Edward Tolman's research on the formation of cognitive maps in rats was important because it:

How would Aristotle's three principles of association explain how people come to associate dog and cat?

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 1: Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

Who was considered a nativist?

Which statement is TRUE about subject bias?

How can Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection be applied to human learning and memory?

In a double-blind experimental design:

The person who developed the form of learning known as classical conditioning is:

Who proposed the extreme form of behaviorism known as radical behaviorism?

Which method is NOT a good way to remember something?

Which description is an example of a stimulus in René Descartes' reflex arc?

René Descartes:

The person who FIRST attempted to develop a comprehensive mathematical model of animal learning was:

Marty's dog always sits when Marty opens the cupboard to get the dog a biscuit. How would a behaviorist describe the dog's behavior?

Which subfield of psychology focuses on human abilities such as thinking, language, and reasoning?

What was Gordon Bower's concern regarding reporting average learning curves for a large group of people?

Someone who believes that humans and animals are fundamentally different from each other would agree with the views of:

As one reads a textbook, one does not consciously try to keep track of where all of the information is located. Yet, when there is a need to look something up, often one has a good sense of where it can be found in the textbook. What is latent learning, and how is it demonstrated by this example?

Charles Darwin observed that finches on different islands had different types of beaks that were most suited to coping with the environment of their particular island. From this insight, he concluded that:

Edward Tolman's research on the formation of cognitive maps in rats was important because it:

How would Aristotle's three principles of association explain how people come to associate dog and cat?

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters