Question 1

What was variolation?

Accepted Answer

Variolation was a crude vaccination atte

Question 2

________ is when one's own tissues are attacked by one's own immune system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is when one's own tissues are...

Question 3

A man opens up an old loaf of bread and inhales Penicillium spores from the organism growing inside. Inside the man's lungs, phagocytes engulf and digest the spores. The man never gets sick. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) vaccination. 
B) adaptive immunity. 
C) specific immunity. 
D) variolation. 
E) innate immunity. 
A) vaccination. 
B) adaptive immunity. 
C) specific immunity. 
D) variolation. 
E) innate immunity.

Question 4

T cells recognize antigens by virtue their corresponding receptors on their cell surfaces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The definition of antigen is

Accepted Answer

A) the portion of the antibody that binds to the microorganism. 
B) an infectious, pathogenic microorganism. 
C) the portion of the white blood cell responsible for recognizing something as "non- self." 
D) the exact portion of a microorganism or chemical that the immune system reacts against. 
A) the portion of the antibody that binds to the microorganism. 
B) an infectious, pathogenic microorganism. 
C) the portion of the white blood cell responsible for recognizing something as "non- self." 
D) the exact portion of a microorganism or chemical that the immune system reacts against.

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding immunoglobulins?

Accepted Answer

A) Immunoglobulins exist preformed on the surface of B lymphocytes. 
B) They are the major mediator of specific humoral immunity. 
C) Immunoglobulins are also called antibodies. 
D) All of the above. 
A) Immunoglobulins exist preformed on the surface of B lymphocytes. 
B) They are the major mediator of specific humoral immunity. 
C) Immunoglobulins are also called antibodies. 
D) All of the above.

Question 7

Define attenuation and explain why attenuated organisms are useful for vaccines.

Accepted Answer

An organism that is old or otherwise wea

Question 8

Hyperacute rejection of a solid organ transplant occurs if there is a mismatch of

Accepted Answer

A) HLA types. 
B) MHC types. 
C) ABO blood types. 
D) tissue types. 
A) HLA types. 
B) MHC types. 
C) ABO blood types. 
D) tissue types.

Question 9

The person who won the Nobel prize in 1908 for his work in demonstrating phagocytosis by white blood cells is

Accepted Answer

A) Paul Erlich. 
B) Elie Metchnikoff. 
C) Edward Jenner. 
D) Robert Koch. 
E) Louis Pasteur. 
A) Paul Erlich. 
B) Elie Metchnikoff. 
C) Edward Jenner. 
D) Robert Koch. 
E) Louis Pasteur.

Question 10

Paul Erlich was the first to propose that white blood cells had some structure that could bind to antigens similar to a "lock and key."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is (are)characteristics of nonspecific, innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

A) Only needs to recognize agent as "non- self" to react. 
B) Responds to all challenges equally. 
C) Has no "memory." It does not react differently when reexposed to the same agent. 
D) Reacts without prior exposure to the agent. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Only needs to recognize agent as "non- self" to react. 
B) Responds to all challenges equally. 
C) Has no "memory." It does not react differently when reexposed to the same agent. 
D) Reacts without prior exposure to the agent. 
E) All of the above.

Question 12

The first successful human kidney transplant was in 1954. Why was it successful?

Accepted Answer

A) The recipient and the donor had identical tissue types. 
B) The recipient and the donor were identical twins. 
C) The recipient and the donor had identical ABO blood groups. 
D) All of the above. 
A) The recipient and the donor had identical tissue types. 
B) The recipient and the donor were identical twins. 
C) The recipient and the donor had identical ABO blood groups. 
D) All of the above.

Question 13

Which of the cell types listed below needs to have antigen processed before it can be recognized?

Accepted Answer

A) B lymphocytes 
B) Neutrophils 
C) T lymphocytes 
D) Eosinophils 
E) Monocytes/macrophages 
A) B lymphocytes 
B) Neutrophils 
C) T lymphocytes 
D) Eosinophils 
E) Monocytes/macrophages

Question 14

In terms of organism survival, cellular immunity is more important than humoral immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Antibodies can only be formed against microorganisms or products they produce, such as toxins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In humans, after the recognition phase of the immune reaction, the response phase consists of

Accepted Answer

A) activation of the adaptive, specific immune components. 
B) activation of the innate, nonspecific immune components. 
C) both A and B. 
D) Cannot tell from this information. It depends on the immunizing agent as to whether A or B is used. 
A) activation of the adaptive, specific immune components. 
B) activation of the innate, nonspecific immune components. 
C) both A and B. 
D) Cannot tell from this information. It depends on the immunizing agent as to whether A or B is used.

Question 17

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)causes a disease in monkeys similar to AIDS in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In theory, why would SIV be a candidate organism to be used in a human AIDS vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A) SIV could stimulate a humoral immune response against HIV. 
B) SIV could stimulate a cellular immune reaction against HIV. 
C) Monkey viruses cause disease in humans. 
D) Monkey viruses cannot cause disease in humans. 
E) SIV could stimulate an immune response against SIV that cross- reacts with HIV. 
A) SIV could stimulate a humoral immune response against HIV. 
B) SIV could stimulate a cellular immune reaction against HIV. 
C) Monkey viruses cause disease in humans. 
D) Monkey viruses cannot cause disease in humans. 
E) SIV could stimulate an immune response against SIV that cross- reacts with HIV.

Question 18

T lymphocytes recognized foreign antigen and discriminate self from non- self using

Accepted Answer

A) the MHC complex. 
B) the T cell antigen receptor. 
C) ABO antigens. 
D) A and B. 
E) A and C. 
A) the MHC complex. 
B) the T cell antigen receptor. 
C) ABO antigens. 
D) A and B. 
E) A and C.

Question 19

Explain why Jenner was successful in making a boy immune from smallpox by vaccinating him with cowpox.

Accepted Answer

Cowpox is a milder disease than smallpox

Question 20

The most primitive component of the immune response found even in some of the simplest forms of life is the ability to

Accepted Answer

A) distinguish self from non- self. 
B) produce phagocytes. 
C) mount a cellular immune response. 
D) produce antibodies. 
A) distinguish self from non- self. 
B) produce phagocytes. 
C) mount a cellular immune response. 
D) produce antibodies.

What was variolation?

________ is when one's own tissues are attacked by one's own immune system.

A man opens up an old loaf of bread and inhales Penicillium spores from the organism growing inside. Inside the man's lungs, phagocytes engulf and digest the spores. The man never gets sick. This is an example of

T cells recognize antigens by virtue their corresponding receptors on their cell surfaces.

The definition of antigen is

Which of the following is true regarding immunoglobulins?

Define attenuation and explain why attenuated organisms are useful for vaccines.

Hyperacute rejection of a solid organ transplant occurs if there is a mismatch of

The person who won the Nobel prize in 1908 for his work in demonstrating phagocytosis by white blood cells is

Paul Erlich was the first to propose that white blood cells had some structure that could bind to antigens similar to a "lock and key."

Which of the following is (are)characteristics of nonspecific, innate immunity?

The first successful human kidney transplant was in 1954. Why was it successful?

Which of the cell types listed below needs to have antigen processed before it can be recognized?

In terms of organism survival, cellular immunity is more important than humoral immunity.

Antibodies can only be formed against microorganisms or products they produce, such as toxins.

In humans, after the recognition phase of the immune reaction, the response phase consists of

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)causes a disease in monkeys similar to AIDS in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In theory, why would SIV be a candidate organism to be used in a human AIDS vaccine?

T lymphocytes recognized foreign antigen and discriminate self from non- self using

Explain why Jenner was successful in making a boy immune from smallpox by vaccinating him with cowpox.

The most primitive component of the immune response found even in some of the simplest forms of life is the ability to

Overview of the Immune System

Immunoglobulins

Infection and Immunity: Hostparasite Relationships

The Complement System

Hypersensitivity

Immunologic Detection of Infectious Diseases

Autoimmune Diseases and Immunodeficiency Disorders

Transplant Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry

Hybridization Techniques

Amplification Techniques

Molecular Applications in Cytogenetics

Histocompatibility Laboratory Techniques and Applications

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Exam 1: What Is Immunology

What was variolation?

________ is when one's own tissues are attacked by one's own immune system.

A man opens up an old loaf of bread and inhales Penicillium spores from the organism growing inside. Inside the man's lungs, phagocytes engulf and digest the spores. The man never gets sick. This is an example of

T cells recognize antigens by virtue their corresponding receptors on their cell surfaces.

The definition of antigen is

Which of the following is true regarding immunoglobulins?

Define attenuation and explain why attenuated organisms are useful for vaccines.

Hyperacute rejection of a solid organ transplant occurs if there is a mismatch of

The person who won the Nobel prize in 1908 for his work in demonstrating phagocytosis by white blood cells is

Paul Erlich was the first to propose that white blood cells had some structure that could bind to antigens similar to a "lock and key."

Which of the following is (are)characteristics of nonspecific, innate immunity?

The first successful human kidney transplant was in 1954. Why was it successful?

Which of the cell types listed below needs to have antigen processed before it can be recognized?

In terms of organism survival, cellular immunity is more important than humoral immunity.

Antibodies can only be formed against microorganisms or products they produce, such as toxins.

In humans, after the recognition phase of the immune reaction, the response phase consists of

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)causes a disease in monkeys similar to AIDS in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In theory, why would SIV be a candidate organism to be used in a human AIDS vaccine?

T lymphocytes recognized foreign antigen and discriminate self from non- self using

Explain why Jenner was successful in making a boy immune from smallpox by vaccinating him with cowpox.

The most primitive component of the immune response found even in some of the simplest forms of life is the ability to

Overview of the Immune System

Immunoglobulins

Infection and Immunity: Hostparasite Relationships

The Complement System

Hypersensitivity

Immunologic Detection of Infectious Diseases

Autoimmune Diseases and Immunodeficiency Disorders

Transplant Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry

Hybridization Techniques

Amplification Techniques

Molecular Applications in Cytogenetics

Histocompatibility Laboratory Techniques and Applications

Filters