Exam 16: How Populations Evolve

Evolution can be defined as

In one butterfly species, the colors of individuals range from white to black, with many shades of gray in between. If the butterflies in a mountain population become more and more similar in color over several generations (e.g., if most butterflies are the same shade of gray), what kind of evolutionary force is likely acting on the population?

The male peacockʹs beautiful tail is really a trade-off between

The net migration of alleles into or out of a population from neighboring populations is called

What causes evolutionary change in a small population?

Which of the following phenomena favors individuals with average phenotypes over those with extreme phenotypes?

Suppose a new mutation that improves metabolic efficiency is lost from a small population of mammals living in a region of seasonal food scarcity after a hurricane eliminates half the mammal population. This is an example of

The process by which allele frequencies are altered in a small population due to chance is called

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, 2pq represents the

As predator and prey species acquire new adaptations to help them survive the constant ʺarms raceʺ between them, what evolutionary phenomenon is occurring?

The extreme loss of genetic diversity that has occurred in cheetah populations due to overhunting is the result of

Female finches, which do not sing, often choose to mate with males that sing a specific, elaborate song. This is an example of

Imagine a population of monkeys in South America whose habitat has been reduced to the point where only 20 individuals survive. This is an example of

A population of hummingbirds with a variety of beak sizes finds a new food source in a plant that has a long trumpet flower with nectar at the bottom of the trumpet. Over time, these hummingbirds develop longer beaks. This is an example of

When natural selection tends to split a population into two phenotypic groups, it is called

-In the population shown in the figure, what is the most common fur color allele in this population?

Mutations are important because they

In some butterfly populations, there are equal frequencies of alleles that code for black and yellow coloration. This is an example of

Male fish that display a bright blue color attract more mates as well as more predators. Maintaining that blue gene in the population is an example of

Zoos often loan animals to other zoos for breeding purposes. From an evolutionary standpoint, what is the benefit?