Question 1

What is the total number of different possible combinations of bases in a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  64 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  20 
A)  64 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  20

Question 2

Which of the following is a protein made up of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uracil 
B)  Messenger RNA 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  DNA 
A)  Uracil 
B)  Messenger RNA 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  DNA

Question 3

A mutation in which one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is substituted for another nucleotide is referred to as a_________ mutation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mutation in which one nucleotide in...

Question 4

Compare and contrast the three major RNA molecules involved in translation.

Accepted Answer

mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are all single-stra

Question 5

The Barr body is the X chromosome in the cell that is expressed, whereas the other X chromosome is inactivated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is noted when comparing DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenine pairs with different bases in DNA and RNA. 
B)  No sugar is present in either molecule. 
C)  Only DNA has a backbone made up of sugars and phosphates. 
D)  Hydrogen bonding is important only in DNA. 
E)  Thymine pairs with different bases in DNA and RNA. 
A)  Adenine pairs with different bases in DNA and RNA. 
B)  No sugar is present in either molecule. 
C)  Only DNA has a backbone made up of sugars and phosphates. 
D)  Hydrogen bonding is important only in DNA. 
E)  Thymine pairs with different bases in DNA and RNA.

Question 7

Which point mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  A base insertion near the end of the coding sequence 
B)  The deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence 
C)  A base deletion near the end of the coding sequence 
D)  A base deletion near the start of the coding sequence 
E)  A base substitution 
A)  A base insertion near the end of the coding sequence 
B)  The deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence 
C)  A base deletion near the end of the coding sequence 
D)  A base deletion near the start of the coding sequence 
E)  A base substitution

Question 8

In eukaryotic cells, _________occurs in the nucleus, resulting in the production of mRNA, which then travels to the ribosome for_________ into an amino acid chain.

Accepted Answer

transcript

Question 9

What is an anticodon?

Accepted Answer

A)  The beginning of a DNA molecule 
B)  Three consecutive amino acids in a protein 
C)  Three consecutive bases in mRNA 
D)  Four consecutive bases in tRNA 
E)  Three consecutive bases in tRNA 
A)  The beginning of a DNA molecule 
B)  Three consecutive amino acids in a protein 
C)  Three consecutive bases in mRNA 
D)  Four consecutive bases in tRNA 
E)  Three consecutive bases in tRNA

Question 10

In general, each gene codes for a specific protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

92)	In the fungus Neurospora, a metabolic pathway synthesizes the amino acid Z (which is essential for its survival) from the precursor W. The intermediates X and Y are also produced in this pathway. The enzymes E1, E2, and E3 catalyze three reactions in the process, as follows:
E1 E2 E3
W ? X ? Y ? Z
X-	ray radiation can be used to create a mutant strain of Neurospora that has a defective gene sequence for E2.
Based on this scenario, the mutant strain will survive on media that contain

Accepted Answer

A)  W, X, Y, or Z. 
B)  only Y or Z. 
C)  only X. 
D)  only Z. 
E)  only W or X. 
A)  W, X, Y, or Z. 
B)  only Y or Z. 
C)  only X. 
D)  only Z. 
E)  only W or X.

Question 12

A ʺmini-geneʺ has the base sequence TACCCGTGCACG. Which of the following sequences represents a single base substitution?

Accepted Answer

A)  TACCGTGCTACG 
B)  TACCCGTGCACG 
C)  TACCCGGCACG 
D)  TACCCGAGCACG 
E)  TACCCGTGTCACG 
A)  TACCGTGCTACG 
B)  TACCCGTGCACG 
C)  TACCCGGCACG 
D)  TACCCGAGCACG 
E)  TACCCGTGTCACG

Question 13

As seen in this figure, how many exons were used to assemble the pre-mRNA sequence, and how many exons were used in the finished mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  5; 3 
B)  3; 2 
C)  6; 3 
D)  3; 3 
A)  5; 3 
B)  3; 2 
C)  6; 3 
D)  3; 3

Question 14

Suppose one strand of a ʺmini-geneʺ has the base sequence TACCCGGATTCA. If we assume no introns are involved, how many amino acids does the polypeptide encoded by this gene have?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  12 
C)  4 
D)  2 
A)  6 
B)  12 
C)  4 
D)  2

Question 15

The genetic code is

Accepted Answer

A)  different in different organisms. 
B)  used during the translation of DNA to mRNA. 
C)  a set of two base sequences coding for each amino acid. 
D)  read in sets of three bases called codons. 
A)  different in different organisms. 
B)  used during the translation of DNA to mRNA. 
C)  a set of two base sequences coding for each amino acid. 
D)  read in sets of three bases called codons.

Question 16

The strand of the DNA molecule that is transcribed is called the _________strand.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The strand of the DNA molecule that...

Question 17

The sequence of nitrogen-containing bases on one strand of DNA most directly determines the sequence of

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars in a polysaccharide molecule. 
B)  amino acids in a protein molecule. 
C)  bases in a protein molecule. 
D)  fatty acids in a fat molecule. 
A)  sugars in a polysaccharide molecule. 
B)  amino acids in a protein molecule. 
C)  bases in a protein molecule. 
D)  fatty acids in a fat molecule.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a means of regulating gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulating how long a protein lasts in a cell 
B)  Varying the rate at which messenger RNAs are translated 
C)  Varying the rate at which messenger RNAs are transcribed 
D)  Deleting genes from cells in which they are not needed 
E)  Modifying proteins after they are synthesized 
A)  Regulating how long a protein lasts in a cell 
B)  Varying the rate at which messenger RNAs are translated 
C)  Varying the rate at which messenger RNAs are transcribed 
D)  Deleting genes from cells in which they are not needed 
E)  Modifying proteins after they are synthesized

Question 19

Which of the following has two polynucleotide strands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomal RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  RNA polymerase 
A)  Ribosomal RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  RNA polymerase

Question 20

Gene expression is a term that relates to

Accepted Answer

A)  the karyotype of a chromosome set. 
B)  the unique set of genes in an individual. 
C)  the flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins. 
D)  how genes are passed from parent to offspring. 
E)  DNA replication. 
A)  the karyotype of a chromosome set. 
B)  the unique set of genes in an individual. 
C)  the flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins. 
D)  how genes are passed from parent to offspring. 
E)  DNA replication.

Exam 13: Gene Expression and Regulation

What is the total number of different possible combinations of bases in a codon?

Which of the following is a protein made up of amino acids?

A mutation in which one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is substituted for another nucleotide is referred to as a_________ mutation.

Compare and contrast the three major RNA molecules involved in translation.

The Barr body is the X chromosome in the cell that is expressed, whereas the other X chromosome is inactivated.

Which of the following is noted when comparing DNA and RNA?

Which point mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect?

In eukaryotic cells, _________occurs in the nucleus, resulting in the production of mRNA, which then travels to the ribosome for_________ into an amino acid chain.

What is an anticodon?

In general, each gene codes for a specific protein.

A ʺmini-geneʺ has the base sequence TACCCGTGCACG. Which of the following sequences represents a single base substitution?

As seen in this figure, how many exons were used to assemble the pre-mRNA sequence, and how many exons were used in the finished mRNA?

Suppose one strand of a ʺmini-geneʺ has the base sequence TACCCGGATTCA. If we assume no introns are involved, how many amino acids does the polypeptide encoded by this gene have?

The genetic code is

The strand of the DNA molecule that is transcribed is called the _________strand.)

The sequence of nitrogen-containing bases on one strand of DNA most directly determines the sequence of

Which of the following is NOT a means of regulating gene expression?

Which of the following has two polynucleotide strands?

Gene expression is a term that relates to

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

In eukaryotic cells, _occurs in the nucleus, resulting in the production of mRNA, which then travels to the ribosome for_ into an amino acid chain.