Question 1

A tRNA that carries a specific amino acid enters the protein -synthesizing machinery at the ribosomes and pairs with the appropriate

Accepted Answer

A)  codon. 
B)  amino acid. 
C)  charge. 
D)  anticodon. 
A)  codon. 
B)  amino acid. 
C)  charge. 
D)  anticodon.

Question 2

A sequence of three RNA bases can function as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  gene only. 
B)  codon only. 
C)  codon or anticodon. 
D)  anticodon only. 
A)  gene only. 
B)  codon only. 
C)  codon or anticodon. 
D)  anticodon only.

Question 3

Which of the following molecules transfers information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  Lipids 
E)  DNA 
A)  Proteins 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  Lipids 
E)  DNA

Question 4

All of the following are directly involved in translation EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  tRNA. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 5

Transfer RNA

Accepted Answer

A)  is a subunit of ribosomes. 
B)  brings amino acids to the ribosome. 
C)  is a nucleic acid that carries the code for the primary structure of a protein. 
D)  transfers proteins into the nucleus. 
A)  is a subunit of ribosomes. 
B)  brings amino acids to the ribosome. 
C)  is a nucleic acid that carries the code for the primary structure of a protein. 
D)  transfers proteins into the nucleus.

Question 6

The anticodon for the codon AUC is_________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The anticodon for the codon AUC is_________...

Question 7

A transcription start signal is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  start site. 
B)  promoter. 
C)  initiation codon. 
D)  nonsense codon. 
E)  origin. 
A)  start site. 
B)  promoter. 
C)  initiation codon. 
D)  nonsense codon. 
E)  origin.

Question 8

For a mutation to affect the evolution of an animal species, it must occur within

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic cells. 
B)  gametes. 
C)  prokaryotic cells. 
D)  diploid cells. 
A)  somatic cells. 
B)  gametes. 
C)  prokaryotic cells. 
D)  diploid cells.

Question 9

Based on this table, which polypeptide would be synthesized from the mRNA base sequence AUGCCUGACUUA?

Accepted Answer

A)  ile-pro-ala-tyr 
B)  phe-met-pro-leu 
C)  met-pro-asp-leu 
D)  met-phe-glu-leu 
E)  met-pro-asp-tyr 
A)  ile-pro-ala-tyr 
B)  phe-met-pro-leu 
C)  met-pro-asp-leu 
D)  met-phe-glu-leu 
E)  met-pro-asp-tyr

Question 10

Which statement correctly describes transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA chains of all genes are synthesized from the same DNA strand, with the growing RNA strand always starting at the 5ʹ end and moving toward the 3ʹ end. 
B)  RNA chains of different genes can be transcribed from either DNA strand, with RNA polymerase traveling from the 3ʹ end and moving toward the 5ʹ end. 
C)  RNA chains of different genes can be transcribed from either DNA strand, with RNA polymerase traveling from the 5ʹ end and moving toward the 3ʹ end. 
D)  RNA chains of all genes are synthesized from the same DNA strand, with the growing RNA strand always starting at the 3ʹ end and moving toward the 5ʹ end. 
A)  RNA chains of all genes are synthesized from the same DNA strand, with the growing RNA strand always starting at the 5ʹ end and moving toward the 3ʹ end. 
B)  RNA chains of different genes can be transcribed from either DNA strand, with RNA polymerase traveling from the 3ʹ end and moving toward the 5ʹ end. 
C)  RNA chains of different genes can be transcribed from either DNA strand, with RNA polymerase traveling from the 5ʹ end and moving toward the 3ʹ end. 
D)  RNA chains of all genes are synthesized from the same DNA strand, with the growing RNA strand always starting at the 3ʹ end and moving toward the 5ʹ end.

Question 11

Which of the following attaches to specific amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  Messenger RNA 
C)  Ribosomal RNA 
D)  RNA polymerase 
E)  Transfer RNA 
A)  DNA 
B)  Messenger RNA 
C)  Ribosomal RNA 
D)  RNA polymerase 
E)  Transfer RNA

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different tissues within an organism express different genes. 
B)  Gene expression remains constant throughout an organismʹs life span. 
C)  Different individuals of the same species express all of the same genes. 
D)  Gene expression is not influenced by the environment. 
A)  Different tissues within an organism express different genes. 
B)  Gene expression remains constant throughout an organismʹs life span. 
C)  Different individuals of the same species express all of the same genes. 
D)  Gene expression is not influenced by the environment.

Question 13

What is an advantage to an organism producing microRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  microRNA can protect against heart disease and cancer. 
B)  microRNA can protect against viral infections. 
C)  microRNA causes mutations in unused genes. 
D)  microRNA allows for the inactivation of Barr bodies. 
A)  microRNA can protect against heart disease and cancer. 
B)  microRNA can protect against viral infections. 
C)  microRNA causes mutations in unused genes. 
D)  microRNA allows for the inactivation of Barr bodies.

Question 14

What is the anticodon for AUC?

Accepted Answer

A)  TAG 
B)  UAG 
C)  CUA 
D)  AUC 
E)  GAU 
A)  TAG 
B)  UAG 
C)  CUA 
D)  AUC 
E)  GAU

Question 15

In a wild-type strain of fruit flies, the length of a gene from the start to the stop codon is 2,000 DNA bases. Suppose an experiment indicated that the mRNA molecule transcribed from this gene is much shorter (only 1,200 bases). What is the most likely explanation for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first 800 bases of DNA are always cut out as it is transcribed into mRNA. 
B)  A mutation caused the formation of an extra stop codon in the gene. 
C)  There are introns in the DNA that were cut out of the mRNA. 
D)  The mRNA was prematurely degraded. 
A)  The first 800 bases of DNA are always cut out as it is transcribed into mRNA. 
B)  A mutation caused the formation of an extra stop codon in the gene. 
C)  There are introns in the DNA that were cut out of the mRNA. 
D)  The mRNA was prematurely degraded.

Question 16

What molecule is responsible for translation of the four-letter ʺnucleic acid languageʺ (A, T, G, and C nucleotides) into the 20 ʺamino acid languageʺ of proteins by bringing in amino acids to the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transfer RNA 
B)  Ribosomal RNA 
C)  DNA 
D)  Messenger RNA 
A)  Transfer RNA 
B)  Ribosomal RNA 
C)  DNA 
D)  Messenger RNA

Question 17

The genetic material of some viruses, such as HIV, is not DNA but is instead

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid. 
B)  RNA. 
C)  protein. 
D)  carbohydrate. 
A)  lipid. 
B)  RNA. 
C)  protein. 
D)  carbohydrate.

Question 18

The fact that calico cats are only female supports the theory of

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone inactivation of Y-chromosome genes. 
B)  mutations in all genes on one X chromosome. 
C)  X-chromosome inactivation and Barr bodies in females. 
D)  two X chromosomes being required for coat color in cats. 
A)  testosterone inactivation of Y-chromosome genes. 
B)  mutations in all genes on one X chromosome. 
C)  X-chromosome inactivation and Barr bodies in females. 
D)  two X chromosomes being required for coat color in cats.

Question 19

If the sequence of bases in a section of DNA is TAGGCTAA, what is the corresponding sequence of bases in mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  AUCCGAUU 
B)  TAGGCTAA 
C)  ATCCGATT 
D)  CGAAUCGG 
E)  AATCGGAT 
A)  AUCCGAUU 
B)  TAGGCTAA 
C)  ATCCGATT 
D)  CGAAUCGG 
E)  AATCGGAT

Question 20

Which of the following contains deoxyribose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomal RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  RNA polymerase 
A)  Ribosomal RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  RNA polymerase

Exam 13: Gene Expression and Regulation

A tRNA that carries a specific amino acid enters the protein -synthesizing machinery at the ribosomes and pairs with the appropriate

A sequence of three RNA bases can function as a(n)

Which of the following molecules transfers information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

All of the following are directly involved in translation EXCEPT

Transfer RNA

The anticodon for the codon AUC is_________ .

A transcription start signal is called a(n)

For a mutation to affect the evolution of an animal species, it must occur within

Based on this table, which polypeptide would be synthesized from the mRNA base sequence AUGCCUGACUUA?

Which statement correctly describes transcription?

Which of the following attaches to specific amino acids?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding gene expression?

What is an advantage to an organism producing microRNA?

What is the anticodon for AUC?

In a wild-type strain of fruit flies, the length of a gene from the start to the stop codon is 2,000 DNA bases. Suppose an experiment indicated that the mRNA molecule transcribed from this gene is much shorter (only 1,200 bases). What is the most likely explanation for this?

What molecule is responsible for translation of the four-letter ʺnucleic acid languageʺ (A, T, G, and C nucleotides) into the 20 ʺamino acid languageʺ of proteins by bringing in amino acids to the ribosome?

The genetic material of some viruses, such as HIV, is not DNA but is instead

The fact that calico cats are only female supports the theory of

If the sequence of bases in a section of DNA is TAGGCTAA, what is the corresponding sequence of bases in mRNA?

Which of the following contains deoxyribose?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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