Exam 1: Introduction to Genetics

List the two relatively complex processes in which genetic information is converted into functional products.

The human genome sequence was reported in 2003 by two groups, the publicly funded ________ and _.

A fundamental property of DNA's nitrogenous bases that is necessary for the double -stranded nature of its structure is _.

Alternative forms of a gene are called _.

Who was the Augustinian monk that conducted a decade of experiments on the garden pea, eventually showing that traits are passed from parents to offspring in predictable ways?

What is a transgenic organism?

Who, along with Alfred Wallace, formulated the theory of natural selection?

In 1996, a cloning experiment produced the sheep named Dolly. Contrary to the more traditional method of cloning by embryo splitting, Dolly was produced by which procedure?

In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number of chromosomes is called the ________ number. It is usually symbolized as _.

Name the bases in DNA and their pairing specificities.

What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide differences in observable features?

Genetics is the study of heredity and variation.

Distinguish the functions of DNA and RNA in a eukaryote.

Given that DNA is the genetic material in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, what other general structures (macromolecules) and substances made by the cell are associated with the expression of that genetic material?

Until the mid -1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the genetic material. Why?

What is the composition of the genetic material?

Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid -1850s, demonstrated quantitative patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors.

What is a simple definition of an allele?

What is meant by complementarity in terms of the structure of DNA?

What does the term genetics mean?