Question 1

Complete the following statement: A bicycle tire explodes after lying in the hot afternoon sun.This is an illustration of

Accepted Answer

A) Charles' law. 
B) Boyle's law. 
C) Fick's law. 
D) the ideal gas law. 
E) the Maxwell speed distribution. 
A) Charles' law. 
B) Boyle's law. 
C) Fick's law. 
D) the ideal gas law. 
E) the Maxwell speed distribution. D

Question 2

Heat is supplied to a sample of a monatomic ideal gas at 40 °C.It is observed that the gas expands until its volume and pressure are doubled.What is the final temperature of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 °C 
B) 20 °C 
C) 40 °C 
D) 980 °C 
E) 1600 °C 
A) 10 °C 
B) 20 °C 
C) 40 °C 
D) 980 °C 
E) 1600 °C D

Question 3

Under which of the following conditions would you expect real gases to approach ideal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) low temperature and low pressure 
B) high temperature and low pressure 
C) low temperature and high pressure 
D) high temperature and high pressure 
E) high temperature and high density 
A) low temperature and low pressure 
B) high temperature and low pressure 
C) low temperature and high pressure 
D) high temperature and high pressure 
E) high temperature and high density B

Question 4

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K.The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 105 Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10-3 m3.What is the mass of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.11 × 10-5 kg 
B) 2.18 × 10-4 kg 
C) 4.22 × 10-4 kg 
D) 6.04 × 10-4 kg 
E) 2.27 × 10-3 kg 
A) 9.11 × 10-5 kg 
B) 2.18 × 10-4 kg 
C) 4.22 × 10-4 kg 
D) 6.04 × 10-4 kg 
E) 2.27 × 10-3 kg

Question 5

On a cold day (-3 °C), the gauge pressure on a tire is 2.0 atm.If the tire is heated to 27 °C, without changing its volume, what will the gauge pressure be?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 atm 
B) 2.3 atm 
C) 2.9 atm 
D) 3.3 atm 
E) 27 atm 
A) 2.1 atm 
B) 2.3 atm 
C) 2.9 atm 
D) 3.3 atm 
E) 27 atm

Question 6

Neon gas at 305 K is confined within a constant volume at a pressure P1.If the gas has a pressure P2 when it is cooled to 125 K, what is the ratio of P2 to P1?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.410 
B) 0.639 
C) 0.717 
D) 1.56 
E) 2.44 
A) 0.410 
B) 0.639 
C) 0.717 
D) 1.56 
E) 2.44

Question 7

Which one of the following statements concerning the mole is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The mole is related to Avogadro's number. 
B) The mole is defined in terms of the carbon-12 isotope. 
C) The mole is the SI base unit for expressing the "amount" of a substance. 
D) One mole of a substance has the same mass as one mole of any other substance. 
E) One mole of a substance contains the same number of particles as one mole of any other substance. 
A) The mole is related to Avogadro's number. 
B) The mole is defined in terms of the carbon-12 isotope. 
C) The mole is the SI base unit for expressing the "amount" of a substance. 
D) One mole of a substance has the same mass as one mole of any other substance. 
E) One mole of a substance contains the same number of particles as one mole of any other substance.

Question 8

A silver coin has a mass of 17.75 g.If the atomic mass of silver is 107.868 u, how many silver atoms are in the coin?

Accepted Answer

A) 5.724 × 1022 
B) 2.158 × 1023 
C) 4.812 × 1023 
D) 3.660 × 1024 
E) 1.390 × 1025 
A) 5.724 × 1022 
B) 2.158 × 1023 
C) 4.812 × 1023 
D) 3.660 × 1024 
E) 1.390 × 1025

Question 9

An ideal gas is confined within a closed cylinder at a pressure of 2.026 × 105 Pa by a piston.The piston moves until the volume of the gas is reduced to one-ninth of the initial volume.What is the final pressure of the gas when its temperature returns to its initial value?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.117 × 105 Pa 
B) 6.447 × 105 Pa 
C) 4.559 × 105 Pa 
D) 3.102 × 105 Pa 
E) 1.823 × 106 Pa 
A) 9.117 × 105 Pa 
B) 6.447 × 105 Pa 
C) 4.559 × 105 Pa 
D) 3.102 × 105 Pa 
E) 1.823 × 106 Pa

Question 10

A flask contains 1.00 mole of oxygen gas, O2, at 0.00 °C and 1.013 × 105 Pa.What is the rms speed of the molecules? Note: the atomic mass of O is 16 u.

Accepted Answer

A) 230 m/s 
B) 460 m/s 
C) 651 m/s 
D) 920 m/s 
E) 1302 m/s 
A) 230 m/s 
B) 460 m/s 
C) 651 m/s 
D) 920 m/s 
E) 1302 m/s

Question 11

An air bubble 20 m below the surface of a lake has a volume of 0.02 m3.The bubble then rises to the surface.Assuming the temperature of the lake is uniform, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks through the surface?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.02 m3 
B) 0.04 m3 
C) 0.06 m3 
D) 0.08 m3 
E) 0.10 m3 
A) 0.02 m3 
B) 0.04 m3 
C) 0.06 m3 
D) 0.08 m3 
E) 0.10 m3

Question 12

In the space between two stars, the temperature of a gas cloud is 12 K; and the density of the gas is 1.2 × 10-8 atom/m3.What is the absolute pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.0 × 10-30 Pa 
B) 1.2 × 10-28 Pa 
C) 2.0 × 10-17 Pa 
D) 1.2 × 10-6 Pa 
E) 1.4 × 10-4 Pa 
A) 2.0 × 10-30 Pa 
B) 1.2 × 10-28 Pa 
C) 2.0 × 10-17 Pa 
D) 1.2 × 10-6 Pa 
E) 1.4 × 10-4 Pa

Question 13

A concentration difference of a certain solute of 1.0 × 10-2 kg/m3 is maintained between the ends of a tube with a length of 3.5 m and a cross-sectional area of 0.25 m2.When 0.0040 g of the solute is introduced to the tube, it takes 350 minutes for this solute to diffuse through the solvent to the opposite end of the tube.What is the diffusion constant for the solute?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.7 × 10-7 m2/s 
B) 4.5 × 10-9 m2/s 
C) 7.5 × 10-10 m2/s 
D) 6.3 × 10-8 m2/s 
E) 1.1 × 10-11 m2/s 
A) 2.7 × 10-7 m2/s 
B) 4.5 × 10-9 m2/s 
C) 7.5 × 10-10 m2/s 
D) 6.3 × 10-8 m2/s 
E) 1.1 × 10-11 m2/s

Question 14

Which one of the following statements concerning diffusion is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion occurs only in gases. 
B) Diffusion occurs in solids and fluids. 
C) Diffusion is described by Boyle's law. 
D) The SI unit for the diffusion constant D is m/s2. 
E) Diffusion occurs when molecules move from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration. 
A) Diffusion occurs only in gases. 
B) Diffusion occurs in solids and fluids. 
C) Diffusion is described by Boyle's law. 
D) The SI unit for the diffusion constant D is m/s2. 
E) Diffusion occurs when molecules move from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration.

Question 15

Which one of the following statements concerning a collection of gas molecules at a certain temperature is true?

Accepted Answer

A) All molecules move with the same velocity. 
B) Most of the molecules have the same kinetic energy. 
C) The lower the temperature, the greater are the molecular speeds. 
D) All molecules possess the same momentum. 
E) The molecules have a range of kinetic energies. 
A) All molecules move with the same velocity. 
B) Most of the molecules have the same kinetic energy. 
C) The lower the temperature, the greater are the molecular speeds. 
D) All molecules possess the same momentum. 
E) The molecules have a range of kinetic energies.

Question 16

How many air molecules are in a room at temperature 23.8 °C and standard pressure if the dimensions of the room are 3.44 m × 3.26 m × 2.28 m?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.08 × 1024 
B) 4.20 × 1024 
C) 3.78 × 1025 
D) 6.32 × 1026 
E) 8.05 × 1026 
A) 2.08 × 1024 
B) 4.20 × 1024 
C) 3.78 × 1025 
D) 6.32 × 1026 
E) 8.05 × 1026

Question 17

Which one of the following statements best explains why gases are not commercially sold by volume?

Accepted Answer

A) Gas volume is negligible. 
B) Gas volume is difficult to measure. 
C) Gas volume depends on the type of gas. 
D) Gases have comparatively low densities. 
E) Gas volume depends on temperature and pressure. 
A) Gas volume is negligible. 
B) Gas volume is difficult to measure. 
C) Gas volume depends on the type of gas. 
D) Gases have comparatively low densities. 
E) Gas volume depends on temperature and pressure.

Question 18

Which one of the following factors is directly responsible for the pressure exerted by a confined gas?

Accepted Answer

A) the atomic mass of the gas 
B) the density of the sample of molecules 
C) the temperature of the sample of molecules 
D) the collision of gas molecules with the sides of the containing vessel 
E) the average translational kinetic energy of the molecules 
A) the atomic mass of the gas 
B) the density of the sample of molecules 
C) the temperature of the sample of molecules 
D) the collision of gas molecules with the sides of the containing vessel 
E) the average translational kinetic energy of the molecules

Question 19

Which one of the following properties of a gas is not consistent with kinetic theory?

Accepted Answer

A) The average speed of the gas molecules is smaller at high temperatures. 
B) Gas molecules are widely separated. 
C) Gases fill whatever space is available to them. 
D) Gas molecules move rapidly in a random fashion. 
E) Gas molecules make elastic collisions with the walls of the containing vessel. 
A) The average speed of the gas molecules is smaller at high temperatures. 
B) Gas molecules are widely separated. 
C) Gases fill whatever space is available to them. 
D) Gas molecules move rapidly in a random fashion. 
E) Gas molecules make elastic collisions with the walls of the containing vessel.

Question 20

A tank contains 135 moles of the monatomic gas argon at a temperature of 15.3 °C.How much energy must be added to the gas to increase its temperature to 45.0 °C?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.50 × 103 J 
B) 3.33 × 104 J 
C) 5.00 × 104 J 
D) 5.70 × 105 J 
E) 7.50 × 106 J 
A) 2.50 × 103 J 
B) 3.33 × 104 J 
C) 5.00 × 104 J 
D) 5.70 × 105 J 
E) 7.50 × 106 J

Exam 14: The Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic Theory

Complete the following statement: A bicycle tire explodes after lying in the hot afternoon sun.This is an illustration of

Heat is supplied to a sample of a monatomic ideal gas at 40 °C.It is observed that the gas expands until its volume and pressure are doubled.What is the final temperature of the gas?

Under which of the following conditions would you expect real gases to approach ideal behavior?

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K.The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 105 Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10-3 m3.What is the mass of the gas?

On a cold day (-3 °C), the gauge pressure on a tire is 2.0 atm.If the tire is heated to 27 °C, without changing its volume, what will the gauge pressure be?

Neon gas at 305 K is confined within a constant volume at a pressure P1.If the gas has a pressure P2 when it is cooled to 125 K, what is the ratio of P2 to P1?

Which one of the following statements concerning the mole is false?

A silver coin has a mass of 17.75 g.If the atomic mass of silver is 107.868 u, how many silver atoms are in the coin?

An ideal gas is confined within a closed cylinder at a pressure of 2.026 × 105 Pa by a piston.The piston moves until the volume of the gas is reduced to one-ninth of the initial volume.What is the final pressure of the gas when its temperature returns to its initial value?

A flask contains 1.00 mole of oxygen gas, O2, at 0.00 °C and 1.013 × 105 Pa.What is the rms speed of the molecules? Note: the atomic mass of O is 16 u.

An air bubble 20 m below the surface of a lake has a volume of 0.02 m3.The bubble then rises to the surface.Assuming the temperature of the lake is uniform, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks through the surface?

In the space between two stars, the temperature of a gas cloud is 12 K; and the density of the gas is 1.2 × 10-8 atom/m3.What is the absolute pressure of the gas?

Which one of the following statements concerning diffusion is true?

Which one of the following statements concerning a collection of gas molecules at a certain temperature is true?

How many air molecules are in a room at temperature 23.8 °C and standard pressure if the dimensions of the room are 3.44 m × 3.26 m × 2.28 m?

Which one of the following statements best explains why gases are not commercially sold by volume?

Which one of the following factors is directly responsible for the pressure exerted by a confined gas?

Which one of the following properties of a gas is not consistent with kinetic theory?

A tank contains 135 moles of the monatomic gas argon at a temperature of 15.3 °C.How much energy must be added to the gas to increase its temperature to 45.0 °C?

Introduction and Mathematical Concepts

Kinematics in One Dimension

Kinematics in Two Dimensions

Forces and Newtons Laws of Motion

Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion

Work and Energy

Impulse and Momentum

Rotational Kinematics

Rotational Dynamics

Simple Harmonic Motion and Elasticity

Fluids

Temperature and Heat

The Transfer of Heat

Thermodynamics

Waves and Sound

The Principle of Linear Superposition and Interference Phenomena

Electric Forces and Electric Fields

Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential

Electric Circuits

Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Fields

Electromagnetic Induction

Alternating Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

The Reflection of Light: Mirrors

The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments

Interference and the Wave Nature of Light

Special Relativity

Particles and Waves

The Nature of the Atom

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity

Ionizing Radiation, Nuclear Energy, and Elementary Particles

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The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K.The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 10⁵ Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10^-³ m³.What is the mass of the gas?

Neon gas at 305 K is confined within a constant volume at a pressure P₁.If the gas has a pressure P₂when it is cooled to 125 K, what is the ratio of P₂ to P₁?

An ideal gas is confined within a closed cylinder at a pressure of 2.026 × 10⁵ Pa by a piston.The piston moves until the volume of the gas is reduced to one-ninth of the initial volume.What is the final pressure of the gas when its temperature returns to its initial value?

A flask contains 1.00 mole of oxygen gas, O₂, at 0.00 °C and 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa.What is the rms speed of the molecules? Note: the atomic mass of O is 16 u.

An air bubble 20 m below the surface of a lake has a volume of 0.02 m³.The bubble then rises to the surface.Assuming the temperature of the lake is uniform, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks through the surface?

In the space between two stars, the temperature of a gas cloud is 12 K; and the density of the gas is 1.2 × 10^-⁸atom/m³.What is the absolute pressure of the gas?