Question 1

Complete the following statement: The term heat most accurately describes

Accepted Answer

A) the internal energy of an object. 
B) a measure of how hot an object is. 
C) the absolute temperature of an object. 
D) the molecular motion inside of an object. 
E) the flow of energy due to a temperature difference. 
A) the internal energy of an object. 
B) a measure of how hot an object is. 
C) the absolute temperature of an object. 
D) the molecular motion inside of an object. 
E) the flow of energy due to a temperature difference. E

Question 2

Determine the latent heat of vaporization of unknown substance X in kcal/g if 4.0 g of boiling liquid X are completely vaporized in 1.2 hours by an input of 15 kcal/h into the system by an energy source.

Accepted Answer

A) 4.5 kcal/g 
B) 1.5 kcal/g 
C) 2.7 kcal/g 
D) 3.0 kcal/g 
E) 5.9 kcal/g 
A) 4.5 kcal/g 
B) 1.5 kcal/g 
C) 2.7 kcal/g 
D) 3.0 kcal/g 
E) 5.9 kcal/g A

Question 3

A 0.030-kg ice cube at 0 °C is placed in an insulated box that contains a fixed quantity of steam at 100 °C.When thermal equilibrium of this closed system is established, its temperature is found to be 23 °C.Determine the original mass of the steam at 100 °C.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.17 g 
B) 1.7 g 
C) 2.5 g 
D) 4.8 g 
E) 5.0 g 
A) 0.17 g 
B) 1.7 g 
C) 2.5 g 
D) 4.8 g 
E) 5.0 g E

Question 4

A 0.30-kg lead ball is heated to 90.0 °C and dropped into an ideal calorimeter containing 0.50 kg of water initially at 20.0 °C.What is the final equilibrium temperature of the lead ball? The specific heat capacity of lead is 128 J/(kg · C°); and the specific heat of water is 4186 J/(kg · C°).

Accepted Answer

A) 84.8 °C 
B) 20.8 °C 
C) 21.3 °C 
D) 27.8 °C 
E) 32.1 °C 
A) 84.8 °C 
B) 20.8 °C 
C) 21.3 °C 
D) 27.8 °C 
E) 32.1 °C

Question 5

On a warm summer day, the relative humidity is 30 % when the temperature is 32 °C.Which one of the following statements is true if the temperature suddenly decreases to 26 °C and all other conditions remain the same?

Accepted Answer

A) The relative humidity will decrease. 
B) The relative humidity will increase. 
C) The dew point will change. 
D) The partial pressure of water vapor will decrease. 
E) The vaporization curve of water will change. 
A) The relative humidity will decrease. 
B) The relative humidity will increase. 
C) The dew point will change. 
D) The partial pressure of water vapor will decrease. 
E) The vaporization curve of water will change.

Question 6

Three thermometers are in the same water bath.After thermal equilibrium is established, it is found that the Celsius thermometer reads 0 °C, the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 12 °F, and the Kelvin thermometer reads 273 K.Which one of the following statements is the most reasonable conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A) The Kelvin thermometer is incorrect. 
B) The Celsius thermometer is incorrect. 
C) The Fahrenheit thermometer is incorrect. 
D) All three thermometers are incorrect. 
E) The three thermometers are at different temperatures. 
A) The Kelvin thermometer is incorrect. 
B) The Celsius thermometer is incorrect. 
C) The Fahrenheit thermometer is incorrect. 
D) All three thermometers are incorrect. 
E) The three thermometers are at different temperatures.

Question 7

After working a 0.55-kg iron horseshoe with a temperature of 460 °C on an anvil, a ferrier drops it into a bucket that contains 11 kg of water with an initial temperature of 24 °C.Assuming no heat is transferred to the environment, determine the final temperature of the horseshoe in the bucket of water when thermal equilibrium is achieved.The specific heat capacity of iron is 452 J/kg · C°.For water, the specific heat capacity is 4186 J/kg · C°.

Accepted Answer

A) 26 °C 
B) 34 °C 
C) 41 °C 
D) 49 °C 
E) 52 °C 
A) 26 °C 
B) 34 °C 
C) 41 °C 
D) 49 °C 
E) 52 °C

Question 8

12-2
A 0.0500-kg lead bullet of volume 5.00 × 10S1U1P1-S1S1P0S1U1P16S1S1P0 mS1U1P13S1S1P0 at 20.0 °C hits a block that is made of an ideal thermal insulator and comes to rest at its center.At that time, the temperature of the bullet is 327 °C.Use the following information for lead:
  
-A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapor in a closed vessel.Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?

Accepted Answer

A) The rate of condensation is greater than the evaporation rate. 
B) The rate of evaporation is greater than the condensation rate. 
C) The temperature of the vapor is greater than that of the liquid. 
D) Molecules of the liquid do not have enough energy to vaporize. 
E) The temperature of the vapor is the same as that of the liquid. 
A) The rate of condensation is greater than the evaporation rate. 
B) The rate of evaporation is greater than the condensation rate. 
C) The temperature of the vapor is greater than that of the liquid. 
D) Molecules of the liquid do not have enough energy to vaporize. 
E) The temperature of the vapor is the same as that of the liquid.

Question 9

The coefficient of linear expansion of steel is 12 × 10-6/C°.A railroad track is made of individual rails of steel 1.0 km in length.By what length would these rails change between a cold day when the temperature is -10 °C and a hot day at 30 °C?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.62 cm 
B) 24 cm 
C) 48 cm 
D) 480 cm 
E) 620 cm 
A) 0.62 cm 
B) 24 cm 
C) 48 cm 
D) 480 cm 
E) 620 cm

Question 10

The digital sign outside a local bank reports that the temperature is 41 °C.What is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?

Accepted Answer

A) 79 °F 
B) 99 °F 
C) 106 °F 
D) 111 °F 
E) 120 °F 
A) 79 °F 
B) 99 °F 
C) 106 °F 
D) 111 °F 
E) 120 °F

Question 11

An aluminum tank of volume 0.0300 m3 is filled to the top with mercury at 20.0 °C.The tank is placed inside a chamber with an interior temperature of 70.0 °C.The coefficient of volume expansion for mercury is 1.82 × 10-4/C°; and the coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum is 23.0 × 10-6/C°.After the tank and its contents reach thermal equilibrium with the interior of the chamber, how much mercury has spilled?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.52 × 10-5 m3 
B) 6.60 × 10-5 m3 
C) 1.69 × 10-4 m3 
D) 1.92 × 10-4 m3 
E) 2.00 × 10-4 m3 
A) 2.52 × 10-5 m3 
B) 6.60 × 10-5 m3 
C) 1.69 × 10-4 m3 
D) 1.92 × 10-4 m3 
E) 2.00 × 10-4 m3

Question 12

The coefficient of volumetric expansion for gold is 4.20 × 10-5/C°.The density of gold is 19 300 kg/m3 at 0.0 °C.What is the density of gold at 1050 °C?

Accepted Answer

A) 20 200 kg/ m3 
B) 19 300 kg/m3 
C) 19 000 kg/m3 
D) 18 800 kg/m3 
E) 18 500 kg/m3 
A) 20 200 kg/ m3 
B) 19 300 kg/m3 
C) 19 000 kg/m3 
D) 18 800 kg/m3 
E) 18 500 kg/m3

Question 13

12-2
A 0.0500-kg lead bullet of volume 5.00 × 10S1U1P1-S1S1P0S1U1P16S1S1P0 mS1U1P13S1S1P0 at 20.0 °C hits a block that is made of an ideal thermal insulator and comes to rest at its center.At that time, the temperature of the bullet is 327 °C.Use the following information for lead:
  
-What additional heat would be needed to melt the bullet?

Accepted Answer

A) 420 J 
B) 628 J 
C) 837 J 
D) 1160 J 
E) 2010 J 
A) 420 J 
B) 628 J 
C) 837 J 
D) 1160 J 
E) 2010 J

Question 14

12-1
A 2.00-kg metal block slides on a rough, horizontal surface inside an insulated pipe.After sliding a distance of 500.0 m, its temperature is increased by 2.00 °C.Note: Assume that all of the heat generated by frictional heating goes into the metal block.For this metal, the specific heat capacity is 0.150 cal/(g · C°).  
-How much work does the force of friction do on the block?

Accepted Answer

A) zero joules 
B) 300 J 
C) -300 J 
D) 2510 J 
E) -2510 J 
A) zero joules 
B) 300 J 
C) -300 J 
D) 2510 J 
E) -2510 J

Question 15

Complete the following statement: A temperature decrease of 30 C° is equal to a temperature decrease of

Accepted Answer

A) 30 F°. 
B) 30 K. 
C) 17 F°. 
D) 26 F°. 
E) 303 K. 
A) 30 F°. 
B) 30 K. 
C) 17 F°. 
D) 26 F°. 
E) 303 K.

Question 16

Complete the following statement: When solid NH3 passes directly to the gaseous state it is said to

Accepted Answer

A) melt. 
B) sublime. 
C) condense. 
D) evaporate. 
E) fuse. 
A) melt. 
B) sublime. 
C) condense. 
D) evaporate. 
E) fuse.

Question 17

12-2
A 0.0500-kg lead bullet of volume 5.00 × 10S1U1P1-S1S1P0S1U1P16S1S1P0 mS1U1P13S1S1P0 at 20.0 °C hits a block that is made of an ideal thermal insulator and comes to rest at its center.At that time, the temperature of the bullet is 327 °C.Use the following information for lead:
  
-What is the volume of the bullet when it comes to rest?

Accepted Answer

A) 5.00 × 10-6 m3 
B) 5.01 × 10-6 m3 
C) 5.03 × 10-6 m3 
D) 5.07 × 10-6 m3 
E) 5.09 × 10-6 m3 
A) 5.00 × 10-6 m3 
B) 5.01 × 10-6 m3 
C) 5.03 × 10-6 m3 
D) 5.07 × 10-6 m3 
E) 5.09 × 10-6 m3

Question 18

Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter months?

Accepted Answer

A) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower temperatures. 
B) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water. 
C) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe. 
D) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures. 
E) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater extent. 
A) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower temperatures. 
B) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water. 
C) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe. 
D) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures. 
E) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater extent.

Question 19

Ryan places 0.150 kg of boiling water in a thermos bottle.How many kilograms of ice at -12.0 °C must Ryan add to the thermos so that the equilibrium temperature of the water is 75.0 °C?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.0233 kg 
B) 0.0265 kg 
C) 0.0436 kg 
D) 0.0713 kg 
E) 0.625 kg 
A) 0.0233 kg 
B) 0.0265 kg 
C) 0.0436 kg 
D) 0.0713 kg 
E) 0.625 kg

Question 20

12-1
A 2.00-kg metal block slides on a rough, horizontal surface inside an insulated pipe.After sliding a distance of 500.0 m, its temperature is increased by 2.00 °C.Note: Assume that all of the heat generated by frictional heating goes into the metal block.For this metal, the specific heat capacity is 0.150 cal/(g · C°).  
-What is the coefficient of sliding friction between the block and the surface?

Accepted Answer

A) zero 
B) 0.061 
C) 0.100 
D) 0.256 
E) 0.299 
A) zero 
B) 0.061 
C) 0.100 
D) 0.256 
E) 0.299

Exam 12: Temperature and Heat

Complete the following statement: The term heat most accurately describes

Determine the latent heat of vaporization of unknown substance X in kcal/g if 4.0 g of boiling liquid X are completely vaporized in 1.2 hours by an input of 15 kcal/h into the system by an energy source.

A 0.030-kg ice cube at 0 °C is placed in an insulated box that contains a fixed quantity of steam at 100 °C.When thermal equilibrium of this closed system is established, its temperature is found to be 23 °C.Determine the original mass of the steam at 100 °C.

On a warm summer day, the relative humidity is 30 % when the temperature is 32 °C.Which one of the following statements is true if the temperature suddenly decreases to 26 °C and all other conditions remain the same?

Three thermometers are in the same water bath.After thermal equilibrium is established, it is found that the Celsius thermometer reads 0 °C, the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 12 °F, and the Kelvin thermometer reads 273 K.Which one of the following statements is the most reasonable conclusion?

The coefficient of linear expansion of steel is 12 × 10-6/C°.A railroad track is made of individual rails of steel 1.0 km in length.By what length would these rails change between a cold day when the temperature is -10 °C and a hot day at 30 °C?

The digital sign outside a local bank reports that the temperature is 41 °C.What is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?

The coefficient of volumetric expansion for gold is 4.20 × 10-5/C°.The density of gold is 19 300 kg/m3 at 0.0 °C.What is the density of gold at 1050 °C?

Complete the following statement: A temperature decrease of 30 C° is equal to a temperature decrease of

Complete the following statement: When solid NH3 passes directly to the gaseous state it is said to

Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter months?

Ryan places 0.150 kg of boiling water in a thermos bottle.How many kilograms of ice at -12.0 °C must Ryan add to the thermos so that the equilibrium temperature of the water is 75.0 °C?

Introduction and Mathematical Concepts

Kinematics in One Dimension

Kinematics in Two Dimensions

Forces and Newtons Laws of Motion

Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion

Work and Energy

Impulse and Momentum

Rotational Kinematics

Rotational Dynamics

Simple Harmonic Motion and Elasticity

Fluids

The Transfer of Heat

The Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic Theory

Thermodynamics

Waves and Sound

The Principle of Linear Superposition and Interference Phenomena

Electric Forces and Electric Fields

Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential

Electric Circuits

Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Fields

Electromagnetic Induction

Alternating Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

The Reflection of Light: Mirrors

The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments

Interference and the Wave Nature of Light

Special Relativity

Particles and Waves

The Nature of the Atom

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity

Ionizing Radiation, Nuclear Energy, and Elementary Particles

Filters

Three thermometers are in the same water bath.After thermal equilibrium is established, it is found that the Celsius thermometer reads 0 °C, the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 12°F, and the Kelvin thermometer reads 273 K.Which one of the following statements is the most reasonable conclusion?

The coefficient of linear expansion of steel is 12 × 10^-⁶/C°.A railroad track is made of individual rails of steel 1.0 km in length.By what length would these rails change between a cold day when the temperature is -10 °C and a hot day at 30 °C?

The coefficient of volumetric expansion for gold is 4.20 × 10^-⁵/C°.The density of gold is 19 300 kg/m³ at 0.0 °C.What is the density of gold at 1050 °C?

Complete the following statement: When solid NH₃ passes directly to the gaseous state it is said to

Ryan places 0.150 kg of boiling water in a thermos bottle.How many kilograms of ice at -12.0°C must Ryan add to the thermos so that the equilibrium temperature of the water is 75.0°C?