Question 1

The disadvantage of genomic libraries over cDNA libraries is that genomic libraries contain gene introns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The practice of breeding plants and animals for desirable traits, such as high crop yield, is called natural selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The Human Genome Project, which was completed in 2003, was focused on

Accepted Answer

A)  determining the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome. 
B)  determining all of the proteins encoded by the human genome. 
C)  cloning all of the genes of the human genome. 
D)  identifying all of the genes in the human genome. 
E)  finding a cure for all human genetic disorders. 
A)  determining the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome. 
B)  determining all of the proteins encoded by the human genome. 
C)  cloning all of the genes of the human genome. 
D)  identifying all of the genes in the human genome. 
E)  finding a cure for all human genetic disorders.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an agricultural product made by DNA techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  frost retardant 
B)  nitrogenase (nitrogen fixation) 
C)  glyphosate-resistant crops 
D)  Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide 
E)  pectinase 
A)  frost retardant 
B)  nitrogenase (nitrogen fixation) 
C)  glyphosate-resistant crops 
D)  Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide 
E)  pectinase

Question 5

Biotechnology involves the

Accepted Answer

A)  use of animal cells to make vaccines. 
B)  use of microorganisms to make desired products. 
C)  development of disease-resistant crop plants. 
D)  use of microorganisms to make desired products, the use of animal cells to make vaccines, and the development of disease-resistant crop plants. 
E)  use of microorganisms to make desired products and the use of animal cells to make vaccines. 
A)  use of animal cells to make vaccines. 
B)  use of microorganisms to make desired products. 
C)  development of disease-resistant crop plants. 
D)  use of microorganisms to make desired products, the use of animal cells to make vaccines, and the development of disease-resistant crop plants. 
E)  use of microorganisms to make desired products and the use of animal cells to make vaccines.

Question 6

Figure 9.2
  
-In Figure 9.2, the enzyme in step 1 is

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  RNA polymerase. 
C)  reverse transcriptase. 
D)  DNA ligase. 
E)  spliceosome. 
A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  RNA polymerase. 
C)  reverse transcriptase. 
D)  DNA ligase. 
E)  spliceosome.

Question 7

The study of genetic material taken directly from the environment is

Accepted Answer

A)  reverse genetics. 
B)  proteomics. 
C)  bioinformatics. 
D)  forensic microbiology. 
E)  metagenomics. 
A)  reverse genetics. 
B)  proteomics. 
C)  bioinformatics. 
D)  forensic microbiology. 
E)  metagenomics.

Question 8

Assume you have discovered a cell that produces a lipase that works in cold water for a laundry additive. You can increase the efficiency of this enzyme by changing one amino acid. This is done by

Accepted Answer

A)  irradiating the cells. 
B)  selective breeding. 
C)  site-directed mutagenesis. 
D)  selection. 
E)  enrichment. 
A)  irradiating the cells. 
B)  selective breeding. 
C)  site-directed mutagenesis. 
D)  selection. 
E)  enrichment.

Question 9

The reaction catalyzed by reverse transcriptase is

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA → protein. 
B)  DNA → DNA. 
C)  mRNA → cDNA. 
D)  tRNA → mRNA. 
E)  DNA → mRNA. 
A)  mRNA → protein. 
B)  DNA → DNA. 
C)  mRNA → cDNA. 
D)  tRNA → mRNA. 
E)  DNA → mRNA.

Question 10

The Ti plasmid isolated from Agrobacterium can be used to insert DNA into any type of plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Figure 9.5
  
-Which of the following methods would be used to introduce the plasmid shown in Figure 9.5 into E. coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  transformation 
B)  Ti plasmids and Agrobacterium 
C)  gene guns 
D)  microinjection 
A)  transformation 
B)  Ti plasmids and Agrobacterium 
C)  gene guns 
D)  microinjection

Question 12

Pieces of DNA stored in yeast cells are called a

Accepted Answer

A)  Southern blot. 
B)  clone. 
C)  vector. 
D)  library. 
E)  PCR. 
A)  Southern blot. 
B)  clone. 
C)  vector. 
D)  library. 
E)  PCR.

Question 13

One of the first commercial successes of recombinant DNA technology was the production of human insulin using genetically engineered E. coli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The use of an antibiotic-resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes

Accepted Answer

A)  direct selection possible. 
B)  the recombinant cell unable to survive. 
C)  the recombinant cell dangerous. 
D)  replica plating possible. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  direct selection possible. 
B)  the recombinant cell unable to survive. 
C)  the recombinant cell dangerous. 
D)  replica plating possible. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 15

Nearly all cells, including E. coli and yeast, naturally take up DNA from their surroundings without chemical treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A shuttle vector is a plasmid that is used to move pieces of DNA among organisms, such as bacterial, fungal, and plant cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The restriction enzyme EcoRI recognizes the sequence G↓AATTC. Which of the following is TRUE of DNA after it is treated with EcoRI?

Accepted Answer

A)  All of the DNA will have blunt ends. 
B)  All of the DNA will be circular. 
C)  All of the DNA fragments will have single-stranded regions ending in G. 
D)  All of the DNA fragments will have single-stranded regions ending in AA. 
E)  Some of the DNA will have single-stranded regions ending in AA and others will end in G. 
A)  All of the DNA will have blunt ends. 
B)  All of the DNA will be circular. 
C)  All of the DNA fragments will have single-stranded regions ending in G. 
D)  All of the DNA fragments will have single-stranded regions ending in AA. 
E)  Some of the DNA will have single-stranded regions ending in AA and others will end in G.

Question 18

The Bt toxin derived from Bacillus thuringiensis has been introduced into some crop plants to make them resistant to insect destruction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Figure 9.5
  
-In Figure 9.5, the marker genes used for selecting recombinant DNA are

Accepted Answer

A)  ampR and lacZ. 
B)  HindIII, BamHI, and EcoRI. 
C)  ampR and ori. 
D)  ori. 
E)  lacZ and ori. 
A)  ampR and lacZ. 
B)  HindIII, BamHI, and EcoRI. 
C)  ampR and ori. 
D)  ori. 
E)  lacZ and ori.

Question 20

An advantage of cDNA over genomic DNA is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  lacks exons. 
B)  is very easy to isolate. 
C)  contains selectable markers. 
D)  lacks introns. 
E)  can form very large DNA segments. 
A)  lacks exons. 
B)  is very easy to isolate. 
C)  contains selectable markers. 
D)  lacks introns. 
E)  can form very large DNA segments.

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Dna Technology

The disadvantage of genomic libraries over cDNA libraries is that genomic libraries contain gene introns.

The practice of breeding plants and animals for desirable traits, such as high crop yield, is called natural selection.

The Human Genome Project, which was completed in 2003, was focused on

Which of the following is NOT an agricultural product made by DNA techniques?

Biotechnology involves the

Figure 9.2 -In Figure 9.2, the enzyme in step 1 is

The study of genetic material taken directly from the environment is

Assume you have discovered a cell that produces a lipase that works in cold water for a laundry additive. You can increase the efficiency of this enzyme by changing one amino acid. This is done by

The reaction catalyzed by reverse transcriptase is

The Ti plasmid isolated from Agrobacterium can be used to insert DNA into any type of plant.

Figure 9.5 -Which of the following methods would be used to introduce the plasmid shown in Figure 9.5 into E. coli?

Pieces of DNA stored in yeast cells are called a

One of the first commercial successes of recombinant DNA technology was the production of human insulin using genetically engineered E. coli.

The use of an antibiotic-resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes

Nearly all cells, including E. coli and yeast, naturally take up DNA from their surroundings without chemical treatment.

A shuttle vector is a plasmid that is used to move pieces of DNA among organisms, such as bacterial, fungal, and plant cells.

The restriction enzyme EcoRI recognizes the sequence G↓AATTC. Which of the following is TRUE of DNA after it is treated with EcoRI?

The Bt toxin derived from Bacillus thuringiensis has been introduced into some crop plants to make them resistant to insect destruction.

Figure 9.5 -In Figure 9.5, the marker genes used for selecting recombinant DNA are

An advantage of cDNA over genomic DNA is that it

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

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