Question 1

What type of vaccine is the live, weakened measles virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  toxoid vaccine 
B)  conjugated vaccine 
C)  nucleic acid vaccine 
D)  subunit vaccine 
E)  attenuated whole-agent vaccine 
A)  toxoid vaccine 
B)  conjugated vaccine 
C)  nucleic acid vaccine 
D)  subunit vaccine 
E)  attenuated whole-agent vaccine

Question 2

A patientʹs serum, Mycobacterium, guinea pig complement, sheep red blood cells, and anti -sheep red blood cell antibodies are mixed in a test tube. What happens if the patient has antibodies to Mycobacterium?

Accepted Answer

A)  No hemolysis occurs. 
B)  Hemagglutination-inhibition occurs. 
C)  Bacteria fluoresce. 
D)  Hemolysis occurs. 
E)  Hemagglutination occurs. 
A)  No hemolysis occurs. 
B)  Hemagglutination-inhibition occurs. 
C)  Bacteria fluoresce. 
D)  Hemolysis occurs. 
E)  Hemagglutination occurs.

Question 3

In a direct ELISA test to screen for drugs in a patientʹs urine, what is the third step in the test process?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme-labeled antibodies against the drug being tested is added 
B)  substrate for the enzyme is added 
C)  antibody against the drug being tested is added 
D)  the patientʹs urine sample is diluted 
A)  enzyme-labeled antibodies against the drug being tested is added 
B)  substrate for the enzyme is added 
C)  antibody against the drug being tested is added 
D)  the patientʹs urine sample is diluted

Question 4

A reaction that uses the absence of hemolysis of red blood cells to indicate an antigen -antibody reaction is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  agglutination reaction. 
B)  complement fixation. 
C)  immunofluorescence. 
D)  neutralization reaction. 
E)  precipitation reaction. 
A)  agglutination reaction. 
B)  complement fixation. 
C)  immunofluorescence. 
D)  neutralization reaction. 
E)  precipitation reaction.

Question 5

Table 18.1
Antibody Titer
 $$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | l | } 
\hline & \text { Day 1 } & \text { Day } 7 & \text { Day 14 } & \text { Day 21 } \
\hline \text { Patient A } & 0 & 0 & 256 & 512 \
\hline \text { Patient B } & 128 & 256 & 512 & 1024 \
\hline \text { Patient C } & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \
\hline \text { Patient D } & 128 & 128 & 128 & 128 \
\hline
\end{array}$$
-In Table 18.1, who is most likely protected from the disease, as observed by the test results over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient A 
B)  Patient B 
C)  Patient C 
D)  Patient D 
A)  Patient A 
B)  Patient B 
C)  Patient C 
D)  Patient D

Question 6

A test used to detect anti-Rickettsia antibodies in a patientʹs serum is the

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect fluorescent-antibody test. 
B)  direct fluorescent-antibody test. 
A)  indirect fluorescent-antibody test. 
B)  direct fluorescent-antibody test.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about measles is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is preventable by vaccination. 
B)  Annually, it kills thousands of children worldwide. 
C)  It is a serious disease. 
D)  The disease has been eradicated in the United States. 
E)  Complications include pneumonia, encephalitis, and death. 
A)  It is preventable by vaccination. 
B)  Annually, it kills thousands of children worldwide. 
C)  It is a serious disease. 
D)  The disease has been eradicated in the United States. 
E)  Complications include pneumonia, encephalitis, and death.

Question 8

A test used to identify antibodies against Treponema pallidum in a patientʹs serum is the

Accepted Answer

A)  direct ELISA test. 
B)  direct fluorescent-antibody test. 
C)  direct agglutination test. 
D)  indirect fluorescent-antibody test. 
E)  hemagglutination-inhibition test. 
A)  direct ELISA test. 
B)  direct fluorescent-antibody test. 
C)  direct agglutination test. 
D)  indirect fluorescent-antibody test. 
E)  hemagglutination-inhibition test.

Question 9

All of the following are generally used in vaccines EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  live, attenuated viruses. 
B)  toxoids. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  inactivated viruses. 
E)  parts of bacterial cells. 
A)  live, attenuated viruses. 
B)  toxoids. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  inactivated viruses. 
E)  parts of bacterial cells.

Question 10

Isolated and purified hepatitis B virus surface antigen can be used in a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  inactivated whole-agent vaccine. 
B)  attenuated whole-agent vaccine. 
C)  conjugated vaccine. 
D)  subunit vaccine. 
E)  toxoid vaccine. 
A)  inactivated whole-agent vaccine. 
B)  attenuated whole-agent vaccine. 
C)  conjugated vaccine. 
D)  subunit vaccine. 
E)  toxoid vaccine.

Question 11

Palivizumab is used to treat respiratory syncytial virus disease. This antiviral drug is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  immunosuppressive. 
B)  monoclonal antibody. 
C)  toxoid. 
D)  nucleoside analog. 
E)  vaccine. 
A)  immunosuppressive. 
B)  monoclonal antibody. 
C)  toxoid. 
D)  nucleoside analog. 
E)  vaccine.

Question 12

Which of the following tests is MOST useful in determining the presence of AIDS antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  neutralization 
B)  agglutination 
C)  complement fixation 
D)  indirect ELISA 
E)  direct fluorescent-antibody 
A)  neutralization 
B)  agglutination 
C)  complement fixation 
D)  indirect ELISA 
E)  direct fluorescent-antibody

Question 13

A test used to identify Streptococcus pyogenes in a patientʹs throat swab is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hemagglutination-inhibition test. 
B)  indirect ELISA test. 
C)  hemagglutination test. 
D)  indirect fluorescent-antibody test. 
E)  direct fluorescent-antibody test. 
A)  hemagglutination-inhibition test. 
B)  indirect ELISA test. 
C)  hemagglutination test. 
D)  indirect fluorescent-antibody test. 
E)  direct fluorescent-antibody test.

Question 14

Monoclonal antibodies are used in diagnostic tests and disease treatments because they

Accepted Answer

A)  can be produced in large quantities. 
B)  are highly specific. 
C)  contain a mixture of antibodies. 
D)  are highly specific and they can be produced in large quantities. 
E)  are highly specific, they can be produced in large quantities, and they contain a mixture of antibodies. 
A)  can be produced in large quantities. 
B)  are highly specific. 
C)  contain a mixture of antibodies. 
D)  are highly specific and they can be produced in large quantities. 
E)  are highly specific, they can be produced in large quantities, and they contain a mixture of antibodies.

Question 15

A vaccine against HIV proteins made by a genetically -engineered vaccinia virus that has infected a eukaryotic cell line is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  toxoid vaccine. 
B)  subunit vaccine. 
C)  conjugated vaccine. 
D)  nucleic acid vaccine. 
E)  inactivated whole-agent vaccine. 
A)  toxoid vaccine. 
B)  subunit vaccine. 
C)  conjugated vaccine. 
D)  nucleic acid vaccine. 
E)  inactivated whole-agent vaccine.

Exam 18: Practical Applications of Immunology

What type of vaccine is the live, weakened measles virus?

A patientʹs serum, Mycobacterium, guinea pig complement, sheep red blood cells, and anti -sheep red blood cell antibodies are mixed in a test tube. What happens if the patient has antibodies to Mycobacterium?

In a direct ELISA test to screen for drugs in a patientʹs urine, what is the third step in the test process?

A reaction that uses the absence of hemolysis of red blood cells to indicate an antigen -antibody reaction is called a(n)

Table 18.1 Antibody Titer Day 1 Day 7 Day 14 Day 21 Patient A 0 0 256 512 Patient B 128 256 512 1024 Patient C 0 0 0 0 Patient D 128 128 128 128 -In Table 18.1, who is most likely protected from the disease, as observed by the test results over time?

A test used to detect anti-Rickettsia antibodies in a patientʹs serum is the

Which of the following statements about measles is FALSE?

A test used to identify antibodies against Treponema pallidum in a patientʹs serum is the

All of the following are generally used in vaccines EXCEPT

Isolated and purified hepatitis B virus surface antigen can be used in a(n)

Palivizumab is used to treat respiratory syncytial virus disease. This antiviral drug is a(n)

Which of the following tests is MOST useful in determining the presence of AIDS antibodies?

A test used to identify Streptococcus pyogenes in a patientʹs throat swab is the

Monoclonal antibodies are used in diagnostic tests and disease treatments because they

A vaccine against HIV proteins made by a genetically -engineered vaccinia virus that has infected a eukaryotic cell line is a(n)

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Filters