Question 1

The Choice Dilemmas Questionnaire (CDQ)is often used in research on individual versus group decision-making.This instrument is designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  measure individuals' propensity to take risks in social situations. 
B)  prevent groupthink in highly cohesive groups. 
C)  enable group members to record their reactions to discussions. 
D)  identify the most appropriate leader for the task at hand. 
E)  prevent social loafing. 
A)  measure individuals' propensity to take risks in social situations. 
B)  prevent groupthink in highly cohesive groups. 
C)  enable group members to record their reactions to discussions. 
D)  identify the most appropriate leader for the task at hand. 
E)  prevent social loafing.

Question 2

Dr.Garrett is Chris's supervisor at work.If Dr.Garrett is a transformational leader,under what conditions is Chris most likely to give Dr.Garrett an unfavorable evaluation? If Dr.Garrett is _______ and Chris is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  male; female. 
B)  male; male. 
C)  female; male. 
D)  male or female; female. 
E)  female; female. 
A)  male; female. 
B)  male; male. 
C)  female; male. 
D)  male or female; female. 
E)  female; female.

Question 3

Integrative solutions to conflict are most likely to be reached when

Accepted Answer

A)  communication between adversaries is limited to mediators. 
B)  adversaries understand their opponents' priorities. 
C)  adversaries compromise on all issues brought to the bargaining table. 
D)  arbitrators are used to facilitate communication. 
E)  there are no other alternatives. 
A)  communication between adversaries is limited to mediators. 
B)  adversaries understand their opponents' priorities. 
C)  adversaries compromise on all issues brought to the bargaining table. 
D)  arbitrators are used to facilitate communication. 
E)  there are no other alternatives.

Question 4

In social loafing,why is an individual's performance on a task undertaken with others better on complex tasks than on simple tasks?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is less evaluation apprehension associated with simple tasks. 
B)  It actually depends on how the task will be evaluated. 
C)  When people become members of a group, they experience positive affect. 
D)  When people realize that their performance cannot be monitored or evaluated, they relax. 
E)  When people become members of a group, they are motivated to impress others. 
A)  There is less evaluation apprehension associated with simple tasks. 
B)  It actually depends on how the task will be evaluated. 
C)  When people become members of a group, they experience positive affect. 
D)  When people realize that their performance cannot be monitored or evaluated, they relax. 
E)  When people become members of a group, they are motivated to impress others.

Question 5

Suedfeld and colleagues identified _______ as related to leadership ability among Canadian prime ministers and leaders.

Accepted Answer

A)  persuasiveness 
B)  prolific writing 
C)  task orientation 
D)  integrative complexity 
E)  dominance 
A)  persuasiveness 
B)  prolific writing 
C)  task orientation 
D)  integrative complexity 
E)  dominance

Question 6

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but NOT to cockroaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans are aroused at the prospect of evaluation. 
B)  Humans are more likely to perform well on a simple task when aroused. 
C)  Humans are more likely to perform their dominant response when aroused. 
D)  Humans are distracted by a number of stimuli, including members of their own species. 
E)  Humans are alert and aroused in the presence of other members of their species. 
A)  Humans are aroused at the prospect of evaluation. 
B)  Humans are more likely to perform well on a simple task when aroused. 
C)  Humans are more likely to perform their dominant response when aroused. 
D)  Humans are distracted by a number of stimuli, including members of their own species. 
E)  Humans are alert and aroused in the presence of other members of their species.

Question 7

In order for social facilitation to occur,the minimum requirement is the

Accepted Answer

A)  presence of those with whom one is interacting. 
B)  concern about how others will evaluate us. 
C)  interdependence of actor and audience. 
D)  feedback from at least one other person. 
E)  mere presence of others. 
A)  presence of those with whom one is interacting. 
B)  concern about how others will evaluate us. 
C)  interdependence of actor and audience. 
D)  feedback from at least one other person. 
E)  mere presence of others.

Question 8

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a social group?

Accepted Answer

A)  deliberating members of a 12-person jury 
B)  personnel employed at a large corporation 
C)  students in a large lecture course 
D)  undergraduates enrolled at a large public university 
E)  fans at a hockey game. 
A)  deliberating members of a 12-person jury 
B)  personnel employed at a large corporation 
C)  students in a large lecture course 
D)  undergraduates enrolled at a large public university 
E)  fans at a hockey game.

Question 9

Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phoebe, who works with her classmates on a difficult group assignment 
B)  Troy, who has to write the forward of a novel he did not write 
C)  Tim, who washes a car with his friends 
D)  Danny, who struggles alone with a difficult calculus problem 
E)  Amanda, who sits alone in her office, licking stamps and placing them on envelopes 
A)  Phoebe, who works with her classmates on a difficult group assignment 
B)  Troy, who has to write the forward of a novel he did not write 
C)  Tim, who washes a car with his friends 
D)  Danny, who struggles alone with a difficult calculus problem 
E)  Amanda, who sits alone in her office, licking stamps and placing them on envelopes

Question 10

Brian Mullen's (1986)analysis of newspaper accounts revealed that the larger the lynch mob,the more savagely the mobs murdered their victims.Robert Watson's (1973)cross-cultural study revealed that warriors wearing face or body paint were more likely to torture or kill captives than warriors who wore no "war paint." These findings suggest that one reason why mobs often commit heinous acts is that the individuals involved

Accepted Answer

A)  experience a reduction in self-esteem and lose sight of their moral standards. 
B)  become more self-aware and act on their feelings of rage and frustration. 
C)  fall prey to social facilitation effects when they become aroused. 
D)  feel anonymous and thus less accountable for their actions. 
E)  fall prey to social loafing effects when they become aroused. 
A)  experience a reduction in self-esteem and lose sight of their moral standards. 
B)  become more self-aware and act on their feelings of rage and frustration. 
C)  fall prey to social facilitation effects when they become aroused. 
D)  feel anonymous and thus less accountable for their actions. 
E)  fall prey to social loafing effects when they become aroused.

Question 11

Sometimes when professors ask students to break up into small groups to discuss an issue,answer a question,or solve a problem,students roll their eyes and complain that it's the professor's job to teach them.This resistance to cooperative learning activities is probably a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological reactance. 
B)  students' expectations about the "professor" role. 
C)  social loafing pressures. 
D)  deindividuation processes. 
E)  social facilitation. 
A)  psychological reactance. 
B)  students' expectations about the "professor" role. 
C)  social loafing pressures. 
D)  deindividuation processes. 
E)  social facilitation.

Question 12

Both social facilitation and social loafing are manifestations of the influence that the presence of others has on our behaviours.These phenomena differ,however,in that presence of others _______ in social facilitation situations and _______ in social loafing situations.

Accepted Answer

A)  enhances performance on complex tasks; impairs performance on complex tasks 
B)  decreases arousal; impairs performance on complex tasks 
C)  impairs performance on simple tasks; impairs performance on complex tasks 
D)  increases arousal; decreases arousal 
E)  decreases arousal; increases arousal 
A)  enhances performance on complex tasks; impairs performance on complex tasks 
B)  decreases arousal; impairs performance on complex tasks 
C)  impairs performance on simple tasks; impairs performance on complex tasks 
D)  increases arousal; decreases arousal 
E)  decreases arousal; increases arousal

Question 13

_______ refers to the loosening of normal behavioural constraints when people are in a crowd,leading to increases in impulsive and deviant acts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Collective contagion 
B)  Social facilitation 
C)  Deindividuation 
D)  Social loafing 
E)  Collective anonymity 
A)  Collective contagion 
B)  Social facilitation 
C)  Deindividuation 
D)  Social loafing 
E)  Collective anonymity

Question 14

Joe has just read chapter 8 on group processes and is now relaxing,watching football with his girlfriend.She finally understands the concept of "downs" and "turnovers," and moves on to other questions."If football is a team sport,how come they have the players' names on their uniforms?" she asks Joe.Assuming that the material in chapter 8 is still accessible in his memory,Joe wonders,

Accepted Answer

A)  "Maybe to keep them from playing too mean and dirty." 
B)  "Maybe to help sort the laundry." 
C)  "Maybe so the announcer knows who made the play." 
D)  "Maybe to make it easier for the quarterback to spot the receivers." 
E)  "Maybe so individual players can be recognized by the fans." 
A)  "Maybe to keep them from playing too mean and dirty." 
B)  "Maybe to help sort the laundry." 
C)  "Maybe so the announcer knows who made the play." 
D)  "Maybe to make it easier for the quarterback to spot the receivers." 
E)  "Maybe so individual players can be recognized by the fans."

Question 15

Why did allowing (and even requiring)participants to communicate when they played the Trucking Game (Deutsch & Krauss,1962)fail to engender trust and cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants were more interested in general conversation than the game itself. 
B)  Participants became so caught up in the competitive game that they forgot to communicate with their opponents. 
C)  Participants could never figure out how to use the intercom. 
D)  Participants used communication primarily as means of threatening their opponents. 
E)  Participants were not allowed to bargain or negotiate in their communications. 
A)  Participants were more interested in general conversation than the game itself. 
B)  Participants became so caught up in the competitive game that they forgot to communicate with their opponents. 
C)  Participants could never figure out how to use the intercom. 
D)  Participants used communication primarily as means of threatening their opponents. 
E)  Participants were not allowed to bargain or negotiate in their communications.

Question 16

__________ leaders set clear,short-term goals and reward followers who meet them; __________ leaders inspire followers to focus on common long-term goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  Transactional; communal 
B)  Task-oriented; relationship-oriented 
C)  Transactional; transformational 
D)  Transformational; relational 
E)  Relationship-oriented; task oriented 
A)  Transactional; communal 
B)  Task-oriented; relationship-oriented 
C)  Transactional; transformational 
D)  Transformational; relational 
E)  Relationship-oriented; task oriented

Question 17

Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues established a mock prison in the basement of the psychology building at Stanford University.How did they decide which participants would assume the role of "prisoner" and which would assume the role of "guard"?

Accepted Answer

A)  People were assigned at random to each role. 
B)  Aggressive people tended to volunteer for the role of guard. 
C)  The experimenters used personality tests to assign participants to roles. 
D)  Participants who had spent time in jail refused to be prisoners. 
E)  Because of safety concerns, aggressive people were assigned to the role of prisoner. 
A)  People were assigned at random to each role. 
B)  Aggressive people tended to volunteer for the role of guard. 
C)  The experimenters used personality tests to assign participants to roles. 
D)  Participants who had spent time in jail refused to be prisoners. 
E)  Because of safety concerns, aggressive people were assigned to the role of prisoner.

Question 18

Research by Suedfeld and colleagues indicates that truly great leaders

Accepted Answer

A)  show a decrease in integrative complexity in a crisis. 
B)  show recovery in integrative complexity in a crisis. 
C)  show an increase in integrative complexity in a crisis. 
D)  demonstrate that integrative complexity is irrelevant in a crisis. 
E)  show stable integrative complexity in a crisis. 
A)  show a decrease in integrative complexity in a crisis. 
B)  show recovery in integrative complexity in a crisis. 
C)  show an increase in integrative complexity in a crisis. 
D)  demonstrate that integrative complexity is irrelevant in a crisis. 
E)  show stable integrative complexity in a crisis.

Question 19

Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality.Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals.Ted has a__________ leadership style.

Accepted Answer

A)  paternalistic 
B)  transactional 
C)  relationship-oriented 
D)  transformational 
E)  communal 
A)  paternalistic 
B)  transactional 
C)  relationship-oriented 
D)  transformational 
E)  communal

Question 20

Luke and Laura have been dating off and on for years and have finally decided to break it off for good.Which of the following best illustrates an integrative solution to their dilemma of dividing up their possessions?

Accepted Answer

A)  They decide to randomly divide their possessions in half and then flip a coin to see who gets which half. 
B)  They decide to split the possessions strictly by monetary value. 
C)  Laura, the music lover of the two, gets the stereo, while Luke, the gourmet chef, gets all of the fancy pots and pans. 
D)  They agree to let Pedro, a mutual friend, mediate the dispute and decide on the fairness of the negotiations. 
E)  They agree to flip a coin and let the winner choose to take the ten items he or she most wants. 
A)  They decide to randomly divide their possessions in half and then flip a coin to see who gets which half. 
B)  They decide to split the possessions strictly by monetary value. 
C)  Laura, the music lover of the two, gets the stereo, while Luke, the gourmet chef, gets all of the fancy pots and pans. 
D)  They agree to let Pedro, a mutual friend, mediate the dispute and decide on the fairness of the negotiations. 
E)  They agree to flip a coin and let the winner choose to take the ten items he or she most wants.

The Choice Dilemmas Questionnaire (CDQ)is often used in research on individual versus group decision-making.This instrument is designed to

Dr.Garrett is Chris's supervisor at work.If Dr.Garrett is a transformational leader,under what conditions is Chris most likely to give Dr.Garrett an unfavorable evaluation? If Dr.Garrett is _ and Chris is _.

Integrative solutions to conflict are most likely to be reached when

In social loafing,why is an individual's performance on a task undertaken with others better on complex tasks than on simple tasks?

Suedfeld and colleagues identified _______ as related to leadership ability among Canadian prime ministers and leaders.

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but NOT to cockroaches?

In order for social facilitation to occur,the minimum requirement is the

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a social group?

Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?

Sometimes when professors ask students to break up into small groups to discuss an issue,answer a question,or solve a problem,students roll their eyes and complain that it's the professor's job to teach them.This resistance to cooperative learning activities is probably a result of

Both social facilitation and social loafing are manifestations of the influence that the presence of others has on our behaviours.These phenomena differ,however,in that presence of others _ in social facilitation situations and _ in social loafing situations.

_______ refers to the loosening of normal behavioural constraints when people are in a crowd,leading to increases in impulsive and deviant acts.

Why did allowing (and even requiring)participants to communicate when they played the Trucking Game (Deutsch & Krauss,1962)fail to engender trust and cooperation?

leaders set clear,short-term goals and reward followers who meet them; leaders inspire followers to focus on common long-term goals.

Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues established a mock prison in the basement of the psychology building at Stanford University.How did they decide which participants would assume the role of "prisoner" and which would assume the role of "guard"?

Research by Suedfeld and colleagues indicates that truly great leaders

Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality.Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals.Ted has a__________ leadership style.

Luke and Laura have been dating off and on for years and have finally decided to break it off for good.Which of the following best illustrates an integrative solution to their dilemma of dividing up their possessions?

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Exam 8: Group Processes

The Choice Dilemmas Questionnaire (CDQ)is often used in research on individual versus group decision-making.This instrument is designed to

Dr.Garrett is Chris's supervisor at work.If Dr.Garrett is a transformational leader,under what conditions is Chris most likely to give Dr.Garrett an unfavorable evaluation? If Dr.Garrett is _______ and Chris is _______.

Integrative solutions to conflict are most likely to be reached when

In social loafing,why is an individual's performance on a task undertaken with others better on complex tasks than on simple tasks?

Suedfeld and colleagues identified _______ as related to leadership ability among Canadian prime ministers and leaders.

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but NOT to cockroaches?

In order for social facilitation to occur,the minimum requirement is the

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a social group?

Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?

Sometimes when professors ask students to break up into small groups to discuss an issue,answer a question,or solve a problem,students roll their eyes and complain that it's the professor's job to teach them.This resistance to cooperative learning activities is probably a result of

Both social facilitation and social loafing are manifestations of the influence that the presence of others has on our behaviours.These phenomena differ,however,in that presence of others _______ in social facilitation situations and _______ in social loafing situations.

_______ refers to the loosening of normal behavioural constraints when people are in a crowd,leading to increases in impulsive and deviant acts.

Why did allowing (and even requiring)participants to communicate when they played the Trucking Game (Deutsch & Krauss,1962)fail to engender trust and cooperation?

__________ leaders set clear,short-term goals and reward followers who meet them; __________ leaders inspire followers to focus on common long-term goals.

Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues established a mock prison in the basement of the psychology building at Stanford University.How did they decide which participants would assume the role of "prisoner" and which would assume the role of "guard"?

Research by Suedfeld and colleagues indicates that truly great leaders

Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality.Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals.Ted has a__________ leadership style.

Luke and Laura have been dating off and on for years and have finally decided to break it off for good.Which of the following best illustrates an integrative solution to their dilemma of dividing up their possessions?

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Dr.Garrett is Chris's supervisor at work.If Dr.Garrett is a transformational leader,under what conditions is Chris most likely to give Dr.Garrett an unfavorable evaluation? If Dr.Garrett is _ and Chris is _.

Both social facilitation and social loafing are manifestations of the influence that the presence of others has on our behaviours.These phenomena differ,however,in that presence of others _ in social facilitation situations and _ in social loafing situations.

leaders set clear,short-term goals and reward followers who meet them; leaders inspire followers to focus on common long-term goals.