Question 1

By what age would you expect an infant first to be able to visually recognize which of two objects she has just touched?

Accepted Answer

A) at birth 
B) 4 months 
C) 9 months 
D) 13 months 
A) at birth 
B) 4 months 
C) 9 months 
D) 13 months

Question 2

Baby Miranda is participating in a visual cliff experiment. What skill must baby Miranda have already developed in order to show wariness of heights?

Accepted Answer

A) habituation 
B) visual expectancy 
C) self-locomotion 
D) stepping reflex 
A) habituation 
B) visual expectancy 
C) self-locomotion 
D) stepping reflex

Question 3

Research on the music perception of infants has demonstrated that infants:

Accepted Answer

A) tend not to have strong preferences for some musical sounds over others. 
B) are generally insensitive to melody. 
C) perceive music in much the same way adults do. 
D) have little sense of rhythm. 
A) tend not to have strong preferences for some musical sounds over others. 
B) are generally insensitive to melody. 
C) perceive music in much the same way adults do. 
D) have little sense of rhythm.

Question 4

Children's hearing capabilities approach adult levels at:

Accepted Answer

A) birth. 
B) 1 year of age. 
C) 2 to 3 years of age. 
D) 5 to 8 years of age 
A) birth. 
B) 1 year of age. 
C) 2 to 3 years of age. 
D) 5 to 8 years of age

Question 5

Which of the following statements about how infants learn about gravity is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Very young infants have an initial, simple concept on which they gradually build more and more complex understandings over their first year. 
B) Older infants have an initial, simple concept on which they gradually build more and more complex understandings over their second year. 
C) Very young infants have an initial, simple concept to which they rapidly add the remaining understanding over a very short time. 
D) Older infants have an initial, simple concept to which they rapidly add the remaining understanding over a very short time. 
A) Very young infants have an initial, simple concept on which they gradually build more and more complex understandings over their first year. 
B) Older infants have an initial, simple concept on which they gradually build more and more complex understandings over their second year. 
C) Very young infants have an initial, simple concept to which they rapidly add the remaining understanding over a very short time. 
D) Older infants have an initial, simple concept to which they rapidly add the remaining understanding over a very short time.

Question 6

An infant learns a new way to climb up on the living room sofa by watching his older sibling through which type of learning?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) statistical learning 
C) observational learning 
D) instrumental conditioning 
A) classical conditioning 
B) statistical learning 
C) observational learning 
D) instrumental conditioning

Question 7

A 6-month-old infant watches as his sister hides behind a door. While the infant is turned away from his sister for a moment, the sister moves from behind the door and hides under a bed. Suddenly, the wind pushes the partially open door even further open, until it touches the wall. The 6-month-old is MOST likely to:

Accepted Answer

A) stare at the fully open door, expecting his sister to appear from behind it. 
B) stare at the fully open door, surprised that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
C) turn away from the door, demonstrating no surprise that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
D) turn to his mother and ask where his sister went. 
A) stare at the fully open door, expecting his sister to appear from behind it. 
B) stare at the fully open door, surprised that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
C) turn away from the door, demonstrating no surprise that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
D) turn to his mother and ask where his sister went.

Question 8

Describe the rationale behind the following three paradigms: (a) visual preference, (b) violation-of- expectancy, and (c) habituation. Give an example of each one.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the rationale behind the following three...

Question 9

Research demonstrating that young infants reach for objects in the dark is evidence of their:

Accepted Answer

A) conception of object permanence. 
B) inability to mentally represent objects. 
C) innate learning mechanism. 
D) excellent night vision. 
A) conception of object permanence. 
B) inability to mentally represent objects. 
C) innate learning mechanism. 
D) excellent night vision.

Question 10

An infant's sibling always jumps off his bed with a loud bang when he wakes up from his nap. He then comes downstairs and greets the infant with a tickle, making the infant laugh and cough reflexively. Eventually, the infant begins to laugh and cough reflexively when he hears the bang, even before he sees his brother. In this scenario, the laugh and cough in response to the bang is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned stimulus. 
B) unconditioned stimulus. 
C) conditioned response. 
D) unconditioned response. 
A) conditioned stimulus. 
B) unconditioned stimulus. 
C) conditioned response. 
D) unconditioned response.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is an accurate portrayal of the impact of nurture on infants' motor development?

Accepted Answer

A) Infants develop motor skills on their own schedule, regardless of child-rearing practices. 
B) Child-rearing practices can accelerate but not retard infants' motor development. 
C) Child-rearing practices can retard but not accelerate infants' motor development. 
D) Child-rearing practices can either accelerate or retard infants' motor development. 
A) Infants develop motor skills on their own schedule, regardless of child-rearing practices. 
B) Child-rearing practices can accelerate but not retard infants' motor development. 
C) Child-rearing practices can retard but not accelerate infants' motor development. 
D) Child-rearing practices can either accelerate or retard infants' motor development.

Question 12

Five-month-old Judy sees a novel sight-flowers arranged in a vase. The most important cue that would help Judy know whether she is seeing a single object or multiple objects is:

Accepted Answer

A) differences in the textures and shapes of the flowers and vase. 
B) independent movement of the flowers as they are removed from the vase. 
C) common movement as her mother moves the full vase from the counter to the table. 
D) All of the cues are equally useful. 
A) differences in the textures and shapes of the flowers and vase. 
B) independent movement of the flowers as they are removed from the vase. 
C) common movement as her mother moves the full vase from the counter to the table. 
D) All of the cues are equally useful.

Question 13

At the age of 2 months, infants exhibit:

Accepted Answer

A) stable reaching. 
B) prereaching movements. 
C) poorly controlled reaching. 
D) None of the answers is correct. 
A) stable reaching. 
B) prereaching movements. 
C) poorly controlled reaching. 
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is the best example of an infant's discovery of an affordance?

Accepted Answer

A) Roger learns that the beep of a microwave often means he will soon be given his bottle. 
B) Xena learns to bang on a drum by watching her brother bang on it. 
C) Henry learns that his grandma kisses him whenever she holds him. 
D) Leah learns that she can sit in chairs that are low to the ground. 
A) Roger learns that the beep of a microwave often means he will soon be given his bottle. 
B) Xena learns to bang on a drum by watching her brother bang on it. 
C) Henry learns that his grandma kisses him whenever she holds him. 
D) Leah learns that she can sit in chairs that are low to the ground.

Question 15

Movement is an important cue for:

Accepted Answer

A) shape constancy. 
B) subjective contour. 
C) pattern perception. 
D) object segregation. 
A) shape constancy. 
B) subjective contour. 
C) pattern perception. 
D) object segregation.

Question 16

Scale errors are thought to be a result of young children's:

Accepted Answer

A) overconfidence in their own abilities. 
B) underdeveloped depth perception. 
C) failure to integrate perception and action. 
D) inexperience with self-locomotion. 
A) overconfidence in their own abilities. 
B) underdeveloped depth perception. 
C) failure to integrate perception and action. 
D) inexperience with self-locomotion.

Question 17

Even very young infants are especially attracted to faces. They look longer at:

Accepted Answer

A) faces with the features scrambled. 
B) faces rated more attractive by adults. 
C) monkey faces than at human faces. 
D) faces of their same gender. 
A) faces with the features scrambled. 
B) faces rated more attractive by adults. 
C) monkey faces than at human faces. 
D) faces of their same gender.

Question 18

Which of the following is correct with respect to the stepping reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) It disappears in part because the infant's muscles are not strong enough to lift its increasingly heavy legs. 
B) It is one of the newborn reflexes that persists
throughout life. 
C) Because it is a reflex, it is impossible to modify it
through experience. 
D) A strong stepping reflex in infancy is related to later athletic ability. 
A) It disappears in part because the infant's muscles are not strong enough to lift its increasingly heavy legs. 
B) It is one of the newborn reflexes that persists
throughout life. 
C) Because it is a reflex, it is impossible to modify it
through experience. 
D) A strong stepping reflex in infancy is related to later athletic ability.

Question 19

Month-old infants have the ability to link their visual experience with their:

Accepted Answer

A) tactile experience. 
B) auditory experience. 
C) proprioceptive experience. 
D) oral experience. 
A) tactile experience. 
B) auditory experience. 
C) proprioceptive experience. 
D) oral experience.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about infants' perception of pictures is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Infants do not perceive pictures as depictions of real objects. 
B) Infants do not have the visual acuity to perceive the differences between two-dimensional and three- dimensional objects. 
C) Infants do not yet understand that the nature of two- dimensional objects means that they cannot be picked up. 
D) Infants' poor perceptual constancy inhibits them from interpreting the pictured objects as real. 
E) All of the statements are true. 
A) Infants do not perceive pictures as depictions of real objects. 
B) Infants do not have the visual acuity to perceive the differences between two-dimensional and three- dimensional objects. 
C) Infants do not yet understand that the nature of two- dimensional objects means that they cannot be picked up. 
D) Infants' poor perceptual constancy inhibits them from interpreting the pictured objects as real. 
E) All of the statements are true.

By what age would you expect an infant first to be able to visually recognize which of two objects she has just touched?

Baby Miranda is participating in a visual cliff experiment. What skill must baby Miranda have already developed in order to show wariness of heights?

Research on the music perception of infants has demonstrated that infants:

Children's hearing capabilities approach adult levels at:

Which of the following statements about how infants learn about gravity is true?

An infant learns a new way to climb up on the living room sofa by watching his older sibling through which type of learning?

Describe the rationale behind the following three paradigms: (a) visual preference, (b) violation-of- expectancy, and (c) habituation. Give an example of each one.

Research demonstrating that young infants reach for objects in the dark is evidence of their:

Which of the following statements is an accurate portrayal of the impact of nurture on infants' motor development?

Five-month-old Judy sees a novel sight-flowers arranged in a vase. The most important cue that would help Judy know whether she is seeing a single object or multiple objects is:

At the age of 2 months, infants exhibit:

Which of the following statements is the best example of an infant's discovery of an affordance?

Movement is an important cue for:

Scale errors are thought to be a result of young children's:

Even very young infants are especially attracted to faces. They look longer at:

Which of the following is correct with respect to the stepping reflex?

Month-old infants have the ability to link their visual experience with their:

Which of the following statements about infants' perception of pictures is true?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 5: Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

By what age would you expect an infant first to be able to visually recognize which of two objects she has just touched?

Baby Miranda is participating in a visual cliff experiment. What skill must baby Miranda have already developed in order to show wariness of heights?

Research on the music perception of infants has demonstrated that infants:

Children's hearing capabilities approach adult levels at:

Which of the following statements about how infants learn about gravity is true?

An infant learns a new way to climb up on the living room sofa by watching his older sibling through which type of learning?

Describe the rationale behind the following three paradigms: (a) visual preference, (b) violation-of- expectancy, and (c) habituation. Give an example of each one.

Research demonstrating that young infants reach for objects in the dark is evidence of their:

Which of the following statements is an accurate portrayal of the impact of nurture on infants' motor development?

Five-month-old Judy sees a novel sight-flowers arranged in a vase. The most important cue that would help Judy know whether she is seeing a single object or multiple objects is:

At the age of 2 months, infants exhibit:

Which of the following statements is the best example of an infant's discovery of an affordance?

Movement is an important cue for:

Scale errors are thought to be a result of young children's:

Even very young infants are especially attracted to faces. They look longer at:

Which of the following is correct with respect to the stepping reflex?

Month-old infants have the ability to link their visual experience with their:

Which of the following statements about infants' perception of pictures is true?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters