Exam 4: The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

According to Maslow, infancy begins with which kind of needs?

Colic is likely the result of immature digestion in infants.

When a baby acts upset because a caregiver is leaving, the baby is exhibiting:

An 11-month-old baby is likely to display both fear of strangers and separation anxiety.

According to Erikson's theory, what holds true for most toddlers?

Jimmy's dad comes home from grocery shopping, sees Jimmy sitting on the sofa, and says, "Where's that boy of mine?" Jimmy gives his dad a smile that spreads across his entire face, and his dad responds with an exaggerated surprised look. This is an example of:

Give examples of how infants and caregivers demonstrate proximity-seeking and contact- maintaining behaviors.

One clear difference between father-infant and mother- infant interactions is that:

Children's realization that they are separate persons with minds, bodies, and behaviors separate from those around them is called ______.

Research on the developmental progression of adopted Romanian infants reveals that early _____, not genetics, was the most likely cause of their later problems.

Baby Carrie's father is holding her. She is smiling at him one minute and then, unexpectedly, she slaps his face. Since this is typical behavior for her, she may have which type of attachment?

Around age one, an emerging sense of "me" and "mine" leads to a new consciousness of others.

The Strange Situation measures how a child:

Self-recognition (based upon the mirror test) usually emerges at about 18 months.

In-home day care is always preferable to out-of-home day care.

In their study of "temperamental individuality," New York Longitudinal Study researchers found that infants can be characterized as easy, difficult, hard to classify, or ______.

Adam is playful, but sometimes moody; fussy but generally tolerant; and sometimes quiet, and other times boisterous. His temperament would be categorized as:

Examine the social bonds between infants whose mothers work outside the home and infants whose mothers stay at home. What does the research indicate in comparing attachment, amount of time spent interacting, and the quality of the respective home environments?

Why is it difficult to draw conclusions about infant day care?

Your best friend is considering enrolling his son in day care. What advice would you offer him? What kinds of things should he look for in a high-quality day care?