Exam 4: The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

One-year-old Claire lives in a loving, but noisy, family home with her parents and four siblings. She receives much positive attention and has a trusting relationship with her family. According to Piaget, she will MOST likely develop:

When Caitlin falls and hurts herself, she cries and runs to her mother. Rather than comforting Caitlin, her mother offers her a toy to distract her. Her mother is probably a(n):

Describe how evolutionary theory explains the importance of early emotions for survival.

Harry's mother left him for a few minutes. When she returned, Harry climbed into her lap and then resumed playing. Harry is probably a(n) _____ attached child.

Which statement about emotional development in toddlers is true?

How are memory and emotion connected?

Which statement about the emotions that develop over the first two years of life is true?

Eddie was a securely attached infant. As a preschooler, his living situation changed, so his attachment has loosened since attachment status can change over time.

What are the four categories of temperament suggested by the New York Longitudinal Study?

_____ learning takes place by observing others.

Regina is easily disturbed, unhappy, and cries a lot. The New York Longitudinal Study researchers would say that Regina's temperament is:

A 12-month-old girl who shows no distress at her mother's departure and is also indifferent to her return is probably displaying ______ attachment.

Discuss the role that self-awareness has in the development of pride and shame.

Develop a timeline for achieving the following psychosocial developmental milestones. At approximately what age do infants typically: (1) recognize familiar people? (2) babble and respond to others with facial expressions? (3) exhibit strong attachment to caregivers? (4) recognize themselves in a mirror? (5) exhibit strong interest in new experiences and new children?

Infants as young as six months of age seem capable of expressing anger.

In the United States, about 20 percent of infants are cared for _____ throughout their first year of life.

An insecure attachment in infancy means that the child is destined for lifelong problems with relationships.

Another term for self-rule is:

Studies show that there are no significant differences between mother-child play and father-child play with infants under 12 months of age.

Baby Roland wants his bottle, but he can't reach it. He gets angry, his face turns red, and he yells loudly. His anger is a healthy response to his frustration.