Question 1

According to Einstein's theory, the energy of a photon is

Accepted Answer

A)  proportional to its wavelength. 
B)  proportional to its frequency. 
C)  constant, since the speed of light is a constant. 
D)  quantized, since it always appears in bundles of size, 1.6 × 10−19 C. 
E)  proportional to the square of the frequency. 
A)  proportional to its wavelength. 
B)  proportional to its frequency. 
C)  constant, since the speed of light is a constant. 
D)  quantized, since it always appears in bundles of size, 1.6 × 10−19 C. 
E)  proportional to the square of the frequency. B

Question 2

A light ray is partially reflected and partially refracted at a boundary between two media, the upper one having index of refraction n, the lower one having index of refraction n', as shown in the figure. The reflected ray is perpendicular to the refracted ray when

Accepted Answer

A) 
  . 
B) 
  . 
C) 
  . 
D) 
  . 
E) 
  . 
A) 
  . 
B) 
  . 
C) 
  . 
D) 
  . 
E) 
  . A

Question 3

Light is refracted through a diamond. If the angle of incidence is 30°, and the angle of refraction is 12°, what is the index of refraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.3 
B)  2.4 
C)  2.6 
D)  1.8 
E)  0.4 
A)  1.3 
B)  2.4 
C)  2.6 
D)  1.8 
E)  0.4 B

Question 4

Light can exhibit the characteristics of

Accepted Answer

A)  a particle with energy E = hf. 
B)  a wave with wavelength
  . 
C)  a particle or wave that travels at speed
  in all materials. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  only (a) or (b) above. 
A)  a particle with energy E = hf. 
B)  a wave with wavelength
  . 
C)  a particle or wave that travels at speed
  in all materials. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  only (a) or (b) above.

Question 5

A person looks horizontally at the edge of a swimming pool. If its length is 5 m, and the pool is filled to the surface, to what depth (in m) could the observer see? (n for water is 1.33)

Accepted Answer

A)  3.2 
B)  4.4 
C)  2.1 
D)  1.0 
E)  0.3 
A)  3.2 
B)  4.4 
C)  2.1 
D)  1.0 
E)  0.3

Question 6

A diver shines light up to the surface of a flat glass-bottomed boat at an angle of 30° relative to the normal. If the index of refraction of water and glass are 1.33 and 1.5, respectively, at what angle (in degrees) does the light leave the glass (relative to its normal)?

Accepted Answer

A)  26 
B)  35 
C)  42 
D)  22 
E)  48 
A)  26 
B)  35 
C)  42 
D)  22 
E)  48

Question 7

Two mirrors are at right angles to one another. If an object is placed near the mirrors, what is the largest number of images that would be seen in the mirrors?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6 
A)  3 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6

Question 8

Light strikes a diamond (n = 2.42) immersed in glycerin (n = 1.473) at an angle of 60° relative to the normal to the surface. What is the angle of refraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  20° 
B)  60° 
C)  32° 
D)  64° 
E)  15° 
A)  20° 
B)  60° 
C)  32° 
D)  64° 
E)  15°

Question 9

When light is either reflected or refracted, the quantity that does not change in either process is its

Accepted Answer

A)  direction of travel. 
B)  dispersion. 
C)  frequency. 
D)  speed. 
E)  wavelength. 
A)  direction of travel. 
B)  dispersion. 
C)  frequency. 
D)  speed. 
E)  wavelength.

Question 10

A person in a boat sees a fish in the water (n = 1.33), the light rays making an angle of 40° relative to the water's surface. What is the true angle (in degrees) relative to the water's surface of the same rays when beneath the surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  40 
B)  35 
C)  50 
D)  55 
E)  61 
A)  40 
B)  35 
C)  50 
D)  55 
E)  61

Question 11

A light ray whose frequency is 6.00 × 1014 Hz in vacuum is incident on water (n = 1.33). The wavelength of the light after it enters the water is (in nm)

Accepted Answer

A)  798 
B)  500 
C)  665 
D)  376 
E)  266 
A)  798 
B)  500 
C)  665 
D)  376 
E)  266

Question 12

A monochromatic (single frequency, single wavelength) light ray in air (n = 1) enters a glass prism (n = 1.5). In the glass prism

Accepted Answer

A)  both the frequency and the wavelength are the same as in air 
B)  the frequency is the same, but the wavelength is greater than in air. 
C)  the frequency is the same, but the wavelength is smaller than in air. 
D)  the wavelength is the same, but the frequency is greater than in air. 
E)  the wavelength is the same, but the frequency is smaller than in air. 
A)  both the frequency and the wavelength are the same as in air 
B)  the frequency is the same, but the wavelength is greater than in air. 
C)  the frequency is the same, but the wavelength is smaller than in air. 
D)  the wavelength is the same, but the frequency is greater than in air. 
E)  the wavelength is the same, but the frequency is smaller than in air.

Question 13

A light ray is incident on the surface of water (n = 1.33) at an angle of 60° relative to the normal to the surface. The angle of the reflected wave is

Accepted Answer

A)  80° 
B)  40° 
C)  20° 
D)  60° 
E)  30° 
A)  80° 
B)  40° 
C)  20° 
D)  60° 
E)  30°

Question 14

Two flat rectangular mirrors are set edge to edge and placed perpendicular to a flat nonreflecting surface. A light ray that reflects from mirror 1 at angle θM1 then strikes the second mirror and reflects at θM2 such that the angle between the ray reaching mirror 1 and the ray leaving mirror 2 is 180°. The angle between the two mirrors is

Accepted Answer

A)  0°. 
B)  45°. 
C)  90°. 
D)  150°. 
E)  235°. 
A)  0°. 
B)  45°. 
C)  90°. 
D)  150°. 
E)  235°.

Question 15

The laws of refraction and reflection are the same for sound as for light. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s and in water it is 1510 m/s. If a sound wave approaches a plane water surface at an angle of incidence of 12.0°, what is the angle of refraction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The laws of refraction and reflection are...

Question 16

A laser beam is incident from the air at an angle of 30.00° to the vertical onto a solution of Karo syrup in water. If the beam is refracted to 19.24° to the vertical, what is the index of refraction of the syrup solution?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A laser beam is incident from the...

Question 17

Light strikes a diamond (n = 2.42) at an angle of 60° relative to the normal to the surface. What is the angle of refraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  21° 
B)  30° 
C)  38° 
D)  69° 
E)  71° 
A)  21° 
B)  30° 
C)  38° 
D)  69° 
E)  71°

Question 18

An aquarium contains a 5-cm layer of water (n = 1.333) floating on top of carbon tetrachloride (n = 1.461). If the angle of incidence into the water from the carbon tetrachloride is 20°, what is the angle of refraction into the air?

Accepted Answer

A)  20° 
B)  30° 
C)  38° 
D)  69° 
E)  26° 
A)  20° 
B)  30° 
C)  38° 
D)  69° 
E)  26°

Question 19

A light ray strikes a hexagonal ice crystal floating in the air at a 30° angle to one face, as shown below. The hexagonal faces of the crystal are perpendicular to the plane of the page. All the rays shown are in the plane of the page, and nice = 1.30. Which outgoing ray is the correct one?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 20

The speed of light changes when it goes from ethyl alcohol (n = 1.36) to carbon tetrachloride (n = 1.46). The ratio of the speed in carbon tetrachloride to the speed in ethyl alcohol, v2/v1, is

Accepted Answer

A)  1.99 
B)  1.07 
C)  0.932 
D)  0.511 
E)  0.760 
A)  1.99 
B)  1.07 
C)  0.932 
D)  0.511 
E)  0.760

Exam 35: The Nature of Light and the Principles of Ray Optics

According to Einstein's theory, the energy of a photon is

A light ray is partially reflected and partially refracted at a boundary between two media, the upper one having index of refraction n, the lower one having index of refraction n', as shown in the figure. The reflected ray is perpendicular to the refracted ray when

Light is refracted through a diamond. If the angle of incidence is 30°, and the angle of refraction is 12°, what is the index of refraction?

Light can exhibit the characteristics of

A person looks horizontally at the edge of a swimming pool. If its length is 5 m, and the pool is filled to the surface, to what depth (in m) could the observer see? (n for water is 1.33)

A diver shines light up to the surface of a flat glass-bottomed boat at an angle of 30° relative to the normal. If the index of refraction of water and glass are 1.33 and 1.5, respectively, at what angle (in degrees) does the light leave the glass (relative to its normal)?

Two mirrors are at right angles to one another. If an object is placed near the mirrors, what is the largest number of images that would be seen in the mirrors?

Light strikes a diamond (n = 2.42) immersed in glycerin (n = 1.473) at an angle of 60° relative to the normal to the surface. What is the angle of refraction?

When light is either reflected or refracted, the quantity that does not change in either process is its

A person in a boat sees a fish in the water (n = 1.33), the light rays making an angle of 40° relative to the water's surface. What is the true angle (in degrees) relative to the water's surface of the same rays when beneath the surface?

A light ray whose frequency is 6.00 × 1014 Hz in vacuum is incident on water (n = 1.33). The wavelength of the light after it enters the water is (in nm)

A monochromatic (single frequency, single wavelength) light ray in air (n = 1) enters a glass prism (n = 1.5). In the glass prism

A light ray is incident on the surface of water (n = 1.33) at an angle of 60° relative to the normal to the surface. The angle of the reflected wave is

The laws of refraction and reflection are the same for sound as for light. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s and in water it is 1510 m/s. If a sound wave approaches a plane water surface at an angle of incidence of 12.0°, what is the angle of refraction?

A laser beam is incident from the air at an angle of 30.00° to the vertical onto a solution of Karo syrup in water. If the beam is refracted to 19.24° to the vertical, what is the index of refraction of the syrup solution?

Light strikes a diamond (n = 2.42) at an angle of 60° relative to the normal to the surface. What is the angle of refraction?

An aquarium contains a 5-cm layer of water (n = 1.333) floating on top of carbon tetrachloride (n = 1.461). If the angle of incidence into the water from the carbon tetrachloride is 20°, what is the angle of refraction into the air?

A light ray strikes a hexagonal ice crystal floating in the air at a 30° angle to one face, as shown below. The hexagonal faces of the crystal are perpendicular to the plane of the page. All the rays shown are in the plane of the page, and nice = 1.30. Which outgoing ray is the correct one?

The speed of light changes when it goes from ethyl alcohol (n = 1.36) to carbon tetrachloride (n = 1.46). The ratio of the speed in carbon tetrachloride to the speed in ethyl alcohol, v2/v1, is

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A light ray whose frequency is 6.00 × 10¹⁴ Hz in vacuum is incident on water (n = 1.33). The wavelength of the light after it enters the water is (in nm)

A light ray strikes a hexagonal ice crystal floating in the air at a 30° angle to one face, as shown below. The hexagonal faces of the crystal are perpendicular to the plane of the page. All the rays shown are in the plane of the page, and n_ice = 1.30. Which outgoing ray is the correct one?

The speed of light changes when it goes from ethyl alcohol (n = 1.36) to carbon tetrachloride (n = 1.46). The ratio of the speed in carbon tetrachloride to the speed in ethyl alcohol, v₂/v₁, is