Question 1

When a nucleus at rest spontaneously splits into fragments of mass m1 and m2, the ratio of the momentum of m1 to the momentum of m2 is

Accepted Answer

A) 
  . 
B) 
  . 
C)  −1. 
D) 
  . 
E) 
  . 
A) 
  . 
B) 
  . 
C)  −1. 
D) 
  . 
E) 
  . C

Question 2

The ratio of the radius of a classical electron (re = kee2/mec2 = 2.8 × 10−15 m) to the radius of a 4He nucleus (r = r0A1/3) is

Accepted Answer

A)  2.0 
B)  0.68 
C)  1.5 
D)  0.92 
E)  2.4 
A)  2.0 
B)  0.68 
C)  1.5 
D)  0.92 
E)  2.4 C

Question 3

A radioactive sample with decay rate R and decay energy Q has power output

Accepted Answer

A) 
  . 
B)  RQ. 
C)  Q2R. 
D)  equal to any of the above. 
E)  equal to (a) or (c) above. 
A) 
  . 
B)  RQ. 
C)  Q2R. 
D)  equal to any of the above. 
E)  equal to (a) or (c) above. B

Question 4

Find the binding energy per nucleon (in MeV/nucleon) of carbon-12. Assume:
MC = 12.000 000 u
M p = 1.007 825 u
M n = 1.008 665 u
U = 1.66 × 10−27 kg

Accepted Answer

A)  1.2 
B)  4.2 × 10−2 
C)  7.4 
D)  7.7 
E)  5.6 
A)  1.2 
B)  4.2 × 10−2 
C)  7.4 
D)  7.7 
E)  5.6

Question 5

Two isotopes of uranium have the same

Accepted Answer

A)  mass number 
B)  neutron number 
C)  atomic number 
D)  nucleon number 
E)  nucleon number and neutron number 
A)  mass number 
B)  neutron number 
C)  atomic number 
D)  nucleon number 
E)  nucleon number and neutron number

Question 6

The radiocarbon content of 14C decreases after the death of a living system with a half-life of 5730 y. If an archaeologist working a dig finds an ancient firepit containing some partially consumed firewood and the wood contains only 12.5 percent of the 14C content of an equal carbon sample from a present-day tree, what is the age of the ancient site?

Accepted Answer

Question 7

The isotope, tritium, has a half-life of 12.3 years. Assume we have 10 kg of the substance. What will be the disintegration constant (in s−1)?

Accepted Answer

A)  5.6 × 10−2 
B)  5.6 × 108 
C)  3.2 × 107 
D)  1.8 × 10−9 
E)  1.6 × 106 
A)  5.6 × 10−2 
B)  5.6 × 108 
C)  3.2 × 107 
D)  1.8 × 10−9 
E)  1.6 × 106

Question 8

The mass of   is 55.9349 u and the mass of   is 55.939 9 u. Which isobar decays into the other, and by what 2 possible processes?

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& by e⁺ deca

Question 9

An alpha particle is emitted from a radioactive source with an energy of 5 MeV. How fast is it moving (in m/s)? (m = 4.002 603 u, 1 u = 1.66 × 10−27 kg.)

Accepted Answer

A)  2.4 × 107 
B)  1.6 × 107 
C)  3.7 × 107 
D)  4.6 × 107 
E)  2.1 × 107 
A)  2.4 × 107 
B)  1.6 × 107 
C)  3.7 × 107 
D)  4.6 × 107 
E)  2.1 × 107

Question 10

In neutron capture by an atomic nucleus, the mass number of the nucleus changes by

Accepted Answer

A)  −2. 
B)  −1. 
C)  0. 
D)  +1. 
E)  +2. 
A)  −2. 
B)  −1. 
C)  0. 
D)  +1. 
E)  +2.

Question 11

A pure sample of 226Ra contains 2.0 × 1014 atoms of the isotope. If the half-life of 226Ra = 1.6 × 103 years, what is the decay rate of this sample? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 decays/s)

Accepted Answer

Question 12

Naturally radioactive nuclei can decay spontaneously by emitting the following particles:

Accepted Answer

A)  helium nuclei, electrons, photons 
B)  electrons, neutrons, protons 
C)  helium nuclei, electrons, protons 
D)  electrons, neutrons, photons 
E)  quarks and leptons 
A)  helium nuclei, electrons, photons 
B)  electrons, neutrons, protons 
C)  helium nuclei, electrons, protons 
D)  electrons, neutrons, photons 
E)  quarks and leptons

Question 13

Approximately how fast is an ion of helium moving if it is in a plasma with a temperature of 108 K? m(He) = 4.002 603 u and u = 1.66 × 10−27 kg.

Accepted Answer

A)  106 m/s 
B)  104 m/s 
C)  102 m/s 
D)  10 m/s 
E)  1 m/s 
A)  106 m/s 
B)  104 m/s 
C)  102 m/s 
D)  10 m/s 
E)  1 m/s

Question 14

It is often possible to use the atomic masses when calculating the binding energy of a nucleus. The reason for this is

Accepted Answer

A)  the electron masses do not cancel. 
B)  the electron masses cancel. 
C)  tables of nuclear masses are usually not available. 
D)  the mass of the electron can usually be neglected when compared to the mass of the neutron. 
E)  the atomic masses are the same as the nuclear masses. 
A)  the electron masses do not cancel. 
B)  the electron masses cancel. 
C)  tables of nuclear masses are usually not available. 
D)  the mass of the electron can usually be neglected when compared to the mass of the neutron. 
E)  the atomic masses are the same as the nuclear masses.

Question 15

In nuclear magnetic resonance, nuclei absorb energy when flipping between nuclear

Accepted Answer

A)  mass states. 
B)  spin states. 
C)  charge states. 
D)  decay states. 
E)  isotope states. 
A)  mass states. 
B)  spin states. 
C)  charge states. 
D)  decay states. 
E)  isotope states.

Question 16

In neutron capture by an atomic nucleus, the atomic number changes by

Accepted Answer

A)  −2. 
B)  −1. 
C)  0. 
D)  +1. 
E)  +2. 
A)  −2. 
B)  −1. 
C)  0. 
D)  +1. 
E)  +2.

Question 17

What is the average kinetic energy (in keV) of an ion that has a temperature of   108 K?

Accepted Answer

A)  8.2 
B)  13 
C)  4.3 
D)  16 
E)  21 
A)  8.2 
B)  13 
C)  4.3 
D)  16 
E)  21

Question 18

Find the unknown atomic number and mass number respectively, for the following reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  141, 53 
B)  140, 54 
C)  53, 41 
D)  54, 140 
E)  54, 141 
A)  141, 53 
B)  140, 54 
C)  53, 41 
D)  54, 140 
E)  54, 141

Question 19

How fast must two deuterium atoms be moving so they can overcome the Coulomb force of repulsion, and attain the necessary 10−14 m for fusion? (m(   ) = 2.014 1 u)

Accepted Answer

A)  3.9 × 106 m/s 
B)  1.3 × 106 m/s 
C)  2.6 × 106 m/s 
D)  5.2 × 106 m/s 
E)  3.7 × 106 m/s 
A)  3.9 × 106 m/s 
B)  1.3 × 106 m/s 
C)  2.6 × 106 m/s 
D)  5.2 × 106 m/s 
E)  3.7 × 106 m/s

Question 20

Heavy nuclei are unstable because

Accepted Answer

A)  each nucleon is a separate particle that is not acted on by the nuclear force. 
B)  there are not enough protons present relative to the number of neutrons for the electrical force to be strong enough. 
C)  the nuclear force dominates the Coulomb repulsive force at distances less than 2 fm, but falls off rapidly at greater distances. 
D)  nuclei are stable only when the number of neutrons equals the number of protons. 
E)  nuclei are stable only when the number of protons exceeds the number of neutrons. 
A)  each nucleon is a separate particle that is not acted on by the nuclear force. 
B)  there are not enough protons present relative to the number of neutrons for the electrical force to be strong enough. 
C)  the nuclear force dominates the Coulomb repulsive force at distances less than 2 fm, but falls off rapidly at greater distances. 
D)  nuclei are stable only when the number of neutrons equals the number of protons. 
E)  nuclei are stable only when the number of protons exceeds the number of neutrons.

Exam 44: Nuclear Structure

When a nucleus at rest spontaneously splits into fragments of mass m1 and m2, the ratio of the momentum of m1 to the momentum of m2 is

The ratio of the radius of a classical electron (re = kee2/mec2 = 2.8 × 10−15 m) to the radius of a 4He nucleus (r = r0A1/3) is

A radioactive sample with decay rate R and decay energy Q has power output

Find the binding energy per nucleon (in MeV/nucleon) of carbon-12. Assume: MC = 12.000 000 u M p = 1.007 825 u M n = 1.008 665 u U = 1.66 × 10−27 kg

Two isotopes of uranium have the same

The isotope, tritium, has a half-life of 12.3 years. Assume we have 10 kg of the substance. What will be the disintegration constant (in s−1)?

The mass of is 55.9349 u and the mass of is 55.939 9 u. Which isobar decays into the other, and by what 2 possible processes?

An alpha particle is emitted from a radioactive source with an energy of 5 MeV. How fast is it moving (in m/s)? (m = 4.002 603 u, 1 u = 1.66 × 10−27 kg.)

In neutron capture by an atomic nucleus, the mass number of the nucleus changes by

A pure sample of 226Ra contains 2.0 × 1014 atoms of the isotope. If the half-life of 226Ra = 1.6 × 103 years, what is the decay rate of this sample? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 decays/s)

Naturally radioactive nuclei can decay spontaneously by emitting the following particles:

Approximately how fast is an ion of helium moving if it is in a plasma with a temperature of 108 K? m(He) = 4.002 603 u and u = 1.66 × 10−27 kg.

It is often possible to use the atomic masses when calculating the binding energy of a nucleus. The reason for this is

In nuclear magnetic resonance, nuclei absorb energy when flipping between nuclear

In neutron capture by an atomic nucleus, the atomic number changes by

What is the average kinetic energy (in keV) of an ion that has a temperature of 108 K?

Find the unknown atomic number and mass number respectively, for the following reaction

How fast must two deuterium atoms be moving so they can overcome the Coulomb force of repulsion, and attain the necessary 10−14 m for fusion? (m( ) = 2.014 1 u)

Heavy nuclei are unstable because

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When a nucleus at rest spontaneously splits into fragments of mass m₁ and m₂, the ratio of the momentum of m₁ to the momentum of m₂ is

The ratio of the radius of a classical electron (r_e = k_ee²/m_ec² = 2.8 × 10−¹⁵ m) to the radius of a ⁴He nucleus (r = r₀A^1/3) is

Find the binding energy per nucleon (in MeV/nucleon) of carbon-12. Assume: M_C = 12.000 000 u M _p = 1.007 825 u M _n = 1.008 665 u U = 1.66 × 10−²⁷ kg

The isotope, tritium, has a half-life of 12.3 years. Assume we have 10 kg of the substance. What will be the disintegration constant (in s−¹)?

An alpha particle is emitted from a radioactive source with an energy of 5 MeV. How fast is it moving (in m/s)? (m = 4.002 603 u, 1 u = 1.66 × 10−²⁷ kg.)

A pure sample of ²²⁶Ra contains 2.0 × 10¹⁴ atoms of the isotope. If the half-life of ²²⁶Ra = 1.6 × 10³ years, what is the decay rate of this sample? (1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays/s)

Approximately how fast is an ion of helium moving if it is in a plasma with a temperature of 10⁸ K? m(He) = 4.002 603 u and u = 1.66 × 10−²⁷ kg.

What is the average kinetic energy (in keV) of an ion that has a temperature of 10⁸ K?

How fast must two deuterium atoms be moving so they can overcome the Coulomb force of repulsion, and attain the necessary 10−¹⁴ m for fusion? (m( ) = 2.014 1 u)