Question 1

How does malonyl-CoA inhibit the -oxidation of a fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  by inhibiting the activity of acetyl-CoA synthase 
B)  by inhibiting the activity of carnitine acyltransferase 
C)  by promoting the activity of acetyl-CoA synthase 
D)  by promoting the activity of carnitine acyltransferase 
A)  by inhibiting the activity of acetyl-CoA synthase 
B)  by inhibiting the activity of carnitine acyltransferase 
C)  by promoting the activity of acetyl-CoA synthase 
D)  by promoting the activity of carnitine acyltransferase B

Question 2

Of the 20 amino acids that are found in human proteins, how many are nonessential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 B

Question 3

Which of the following pathways are called biosynthetic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic pathways 
B)  catabolic pathways 
C)  both anabolic and catabolic pathways 
D)  neither anabolic nor catabolic pathways 
A)  anabolic pathways 
B)  catabolic pathways 
C)  both anabolic and catabolic pathways 
D)  neither anabolic nor catabolic pathways A

Question 4

Consider the following reaction sequence.   In which of the following metabolic pathways does the given reaction sequence occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  gluconeogenesis 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  glycogenesis 
D)  glycogenolysis 
A)  gluconeogenesis 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  glycogenesis 
D)  glycogenolysis

Question 5

Which of the following statements defines prenylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a step of cholesterol synthesis that involves the condensation of isoprene units. 
B)  It is the process by which multiple isoprene units bind to a protein to make it hydrophobic. 
C)  Both these statements define prenylation. 
D)  Neither of these statements defines prenylation. 
A)  It is a step of cholesterol synthesis that involves the condensation of isoprene units. 
B)  It is the process by which multiple isoprene units bind to a protein to make it hydrophobic. 
C)  Both these statements define prenylation. 
D)  Neither of these statements defines prenylation.

Question 6

Which of the following are the starting materials of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 and H2O 
B)  SO2 and O2 
C)  N2O and O2 
D)  none of these 
A)  CO2 and H2O 
B)  SO2 and O2 
C)  N2O and O2 
D)  none of these

Question 7

Which of the following compounds is the starting material for the Cori cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactate 
B)  malate 
C)  oxaloacetate 
D)  pyruvate 
A)  lactate 
B)  malate 
C)  oxaloacetate 
D)  pyruvate

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true of anabolic and catabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both of these are biosynthetic pathways. 
B)  Both of these are biodegradation pathways. 
C)  Anabolic and catabolic pathways are biosynthetic and biodegradation pathways, respectively. 
D)  These are completely identical and non-flexible pathways. 
A)  Both of these are biosynthetic pathways. 
B)  Both of these are biodegradation pathways. 
C)  Anabolic and catabolic pathways are biosynthetic and biodegradation pathways, respectively. 
D)  These are completely identical and non-flexible pathways.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true of the two hydroxyl groups in mevalonate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the groups are primary alcohols. 
B)  One group is a primary alcohol and the other group is a secondary alcohol. 
C)  One group is a primary alcohol and the other group is a tertiary alcohol. 
D)  Both the groups are secondary alcohols. 
A)  Both the groups are primary alcohols. 
B)  One group is a primary alcohol and the other group is a secondary alcohol. 
C)  One group is a primary alcohol and the other group is a tertiary alcohol. 
D)  Both the groups are secondary alcohols.

Question 10

Identify the process that involves the conversion of glucose into glycogen.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  gluconeogenesis 
C)  glycogenesis 
D)  glycogenolysis 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  gluconeogenesis 
C)  glycogenesis 
D)  glycogenolysis

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of ATP usage in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is consumed during both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. 
B)  ATP is produced during both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. 
C)  ATP is consumed during gluconeogenesis and produced during glycolysis. 
D)  ATP is produced during gluconeogenesis and consumed during glycolysis. 
A)  ATP is consumed during both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. 
B)  ATP is produced during both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. 
C)  ATP is consumed during gluconeogenesis and produced during glycolysis. 
D)  ATP is produced during gluconeogenesis and consumed during glycolysis.

Question 12

Which of the following amino acids can serve as the starting material for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucogenic amino acids 
B)  ketogenic amino acids 
C)  both glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids 
D)  neither glucogenic nor ketogenic amino acids 
A)  glucogenic amino acids 
B)  ketogenic amino acids 
C)  both glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids 
D)  neither glucogenic nor ketogenic amino acids

Question 13

Which of the following reactions occurs when a saturated fatty acid is converted to an unsaturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  a condensation reaction 
B)  a hydrolysis reaction 
C)  an oxidation reaction 
D)  a reduction reaction 
A)  a condensation reaction 
B)  a hydrolysis reaction 
C)  an oxidation reaction 
D)  a reduction reaction

Question 14

How many high-energy phosphate anhydride bonds are present in UTP?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four

Question 15

Which of the following chemical bonds is present in ACP?

Accepted Answer

A)  a disulfide bond 
B)  a thioether bond 
C)  a thioester bond 
D)  a thiol bond 
A)  a disulfide bond 
B)  a thioether bond 
C)  a thioester bond 
D)  a thiol bond

Question 16

Identify a reactant in the dark reactions of photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  water 
C)  both carbon dioxide and water 
D)  neither carbon dioxide nor water 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  water 
C)  both carbon dioxide and water 
D)  neither carbon dioxide nor water

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of anabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  They use the intermediates of the citric acid cycle as substrates. 
B)  They use ATP as an energy source. 
C)  They use the reducing power of NADH and FADH2. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  They use the intermediates of the citric acid cycle as substrates. 
B)  They use ATP as an energy source. 
C)  They use the reducing power of NADH and FADH2. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 18

Which of the following is a pair of essential fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  linoleic acid and oleic acid 
B)  linoleic acid and linolenic acid 
C)  linolenic acid and oleic acid 
D)  oleic acid and stearic acid 
A)  linoleic acid and oleic acid 
B)  linoleic acid and linolenic acid 
C)  linolenic acid and oleic acid 
D)  oleic acid and stearic acid

Question 19

How do statin drugs lower cholesterol levels in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  by breaking down excess cholesterol in the plasma 
B)  by competitively inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase 
C)  by enhancing the removal of cholesterol through urine 
D)  by causing excess cholesterol to be stored in the liver 
A)  by breaking down excess cholesterol in the plasma 
B)  by competitively inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase 
C)  by enhancing the removal of cholesterol through urine 
D)  by causing excess cholesterol to be stored in the liver

Question 20

Which of the following cell organelles contain photosynthetic pigments?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria 
B)  chloroplasts 
C)  nuclei 
D)  lysosomes 
A)  mitochondria 
B)  chloroplasts 
C)  nuclei 
D)  lysosomes

Exam 28: Biosynthetic Pathways

How does malonyl-CoA inhibit the -oxidation of a fatty acid?

Of the 20 amino acids that are found in human proteins, how many are nonessential amino acids?

Which of the following pathways are called biosynthetic pathways?

Consider the following reaction sequence. In which of the following metabolic pathways does the given reaction sequence occur?

Which of the following statements defines prenylation?

Which of the following are the starting materials of photosynthesis?

Which of the following compounds is the starting material for the Cori cycle?

Which of the following statements is true of anabolic and catabolic pathways?

Which of the following statements is true of the two hydroxyl groups in mevalonate?

Identify the process that involves the conversion of glucose into glycogen.

Which of the following statements is true of ATP usage in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis?

Which of the following amino acids can serve as the starting material for gluconeogenesis?

Which of the following reactions occurs when a saturated fatty acid is converted to an unsaturated fatty acid?

How many high-energy phosphate anhydride bonds are present in UTP?

Which of the following chemical bonds is present in ACP?

Identify a reactant in the dark reactions of photosynthesis.

Which of the following statements is true of anabolic pathways?

Which of the following is a pair of essential fatty acids?

How do statin drugs lower cholesterol levels in the body?

Which of the following cell organelles contain photosynthetic pigments?

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