Exam 3: The History of Corrections in America

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below. a. Designed for young people who have committed crimes b. Earned through behavior, education, and labor c. Treatment is required for people who have committed crimes d. Done by labor of incarcerated people e. Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor f. Reintegration is the goal g. Developed in Auburn, NY h. Incarceration and supervision control behavior i. Isolates incarcerated people from society j. Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime -Reformatory

The 1980s in corrections centered on crime control through and risk containment.

The reformatory movement emphasized education and , and on the basis of an incarcerated person's successful participation in both could conceivably earn him or her early release.

The social and political climate of the 1960s gave rise to a model of corrections.

The leasing of prison residents to private entrepreneurs first took hold in the .

Eastern State Penitentiary was designed by .

Compare and contrast the penitentiary philosophies that guided the Pennsylvania system of separate confinement and the New York congregate system. What assumptions underlay the different systems?

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below. a. Designed for young people who have committed crimes b. Earned through behavior, education, and labor c. Treatment is required for people who have committed crimes d. Done by labor of incarcerated people e. Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor f. Reintegration is the goal g. Developed in Auburn, NY h. Incarceration and supervision control behavior i. Isolates incarcerated people from society j. Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime -Mark system

is an alternative to incarceration, which allows convicted people to be treated in the community under supervised conditions.

In 1927, Howard Gill tried to implement the medical model by designing Norfolk State Prison Colony in the style of a .

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below. a. Designed for young people who have committed crimes b. Earned through behavior, education, and labor c. Treatment is required for people who have committed crimes d. Done by labor of incarcerated people e. Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor f. Reintegration is the goal g. Developed in Auburn, NY h. Incarceration and supervision control behavior i. Isolates incarcerated people from society j. Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime -Contract labor system

Beginning in the 1930s, reformers put forward the model of corrections, which viewed criminal behavior as caused by psychological or biological deficiencies.

In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles?

By the mid-1800s, reformers became disillusioned with the since rehabilitation or deterrence was not being realized.

was commissioned the first warden of the Auburn State Penitentiary in New York in 1821; he instituted a system that called for incarcerated people to adhere to strict discipline and to wear pinstripes and to walk in lockstep.

The opening of Eastern State Penitentiary in 1829 marked the full development and implementation of the _______________ system.

The , an institution for young people who committed crimes, emphasized training, a mark system of classification, indeterminate sentences, and parole.

Trace the concept of rehabilitation as it was applied from the time of Pennsylvania's "Great Law" up through the medical model of corrections.

In regard to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were .

Attempts to implement the ideas of the medical model of corrections in the United States were first made in the 1930s.