Exam 12: Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

According to working-models theory, what model do infants who form resistant primary attachments construct?

Developing an insecure attachment during infancy is associated with which of the following long-term outcomes?

Li Mei is 8 months old.She turns away and starts crying when a stranger approaches her mother and her at the grocery store.How would this reaction be regarded by modern developmentalists?

Under which of the following circumstances are infants and toddlers most likely to protest when separated from their primary caregiver?

According to cognitive-developmental theory, what best accounts for the development of attachment-related fears?

What is the term for the most common form of attachment to the primary caregiver?

Which attributes of temperament are most strongly affected by shared environmental influences?

Suppose the mother of a 4-week-old infant claims that her infant displays interest, happiness, and fear.Based on current research evidence, is this mother's claim valid?

Can adults accurately interpret emotions displayed by infants?

Which of the following attributes are important components of temperament?

Describe Katz and colleague's parental meta-emotion philosophy (PMEP) and what conclusions can be drawn from it.

Which of the following best describes an infant who has developed an attachment for a specific adult?

Bowlby and Lorenz both claimed that infants are born with physical characteristics and reflexive behaviours that elicit positive, affectionate responses from adults.Have their claims been supported by modern research?

According to Mary Ainsworth, what type of attachment characterizes a child who is wary of strangers and who behaves indecisively toward his or her primary caregiver when the caregiver leaves the infant's immediate environment for a short time period?

According to cognitive-developmental theory, under what circumstances is separation anxiety strongest?

When do self-evaluative emotions begin to be displayed in the absence of an external observer?

Based upon Ainsworth's original research, which of the following is the correct ranking of attachment styles from most common to least common?

Briefly summarize evidence on the role of feeding, contact comfort, and caregiver responsiveness in the formation of infant-to-caregiver attachment.

According to Kochanska's integrative theory of attachment, what is/are the most important contributor(s) to attachment?

Suppose that you were asked to put together a pamphlet for new parents that contains advice to parents about how to foster a secure attachment and how to understand stranger anxiety.Summarize the advice that you might give parents.