Question 1

Which of the following best defines a lexical contrast constraint?

Accepted Answer

A) Words refer to whole objects rather than to parts of objects or to object attributes. 
B) Each object has one label, and different words refer to separate, nonoverlapping categories. 
C) Novel words refer to previously unnamed referents. 
D) Each word has a unique meaning. 
A) Words refer to whole objects rather than to parts of objects or to object attributes. 
B) Each object has one label, and different words refer to separate, nonoverlapping categories. 
C) Novel words refer to previously unnamed referents. 
D) Each word has a unique meaning. D

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the expansion of children's vocabularies between 6 and 10 years of age?

Accepted Answer

A) Their receptive vocabularies expand at the rate of approximately 10 words per week. 
B) Their productive vocabularies expand at the rate of approximately 10 words per week. 
C) Their productive vocabularies expand at the rate of almost 20 words per day. 
D) Their receptive vocabularies expand at the rate of almost 20 words per day. 
A) Their receptive vocabularies expand at the rate of approximately 10 words per week. 
B) Their productive vocabularies expand at the rate of approximately 10 words per week. 
C) Their productive vocabularies expand at the rate of almost 20 words per day. 
D) Their receptive vocabularies expand at the rate of almost 20 words per day. D

Question 3

During the holophrastic stage of language acquisition, what is the proposed communicative function of the one-word terms the child uses?

Accepted Answer

A) They are labels for common objects or actions that occur frequently. 
B) They are imitations of adult words that have little meaning for the child. 
C) They are attempts to express complex or elaborate ideas with a single word. 
D) They represent an understanding by the child that speech is rule-governed. 
A) They are labels for common objects or actions that occur frequently. 
B) They are imitations of adult words that have little meaning for the child. 
C) They are attempts to express complex or elaborate ideas with a single word. 
D) They represent an understanding by the child that speech is rule-governed. C

Question 4

Infant babbling often sounds as if the child has learned the "tune" before the words.What aspect of language is being referred to by the word tune?

Accepted Answer

A) syntax 
B) intonation 
C) semantics 
D) pragmatics 
A) syntax 
B) intonation 
C) semantics 
D) pragmatics

Question 5

Discuss the potential costs and benefits for English-speaking students enrolled in core language or immersion education programs.

Accepted Answer

Core language and immersion education pr

Question 6

In addition to several other pieces of evidence, researchers have cited cross-cultural findings of a commonality in structure of early spoken and signed language as evidence for which theory of language acquisition?

Accepted Answer

A) interactionist 
B) learning 
C) nativist 
D) empiricist 
A) interactionist 
B) learning 
C) nativist 
D) empiricist

Question 7

How does the babbling of children in families using only sign language differ from the babbling of children in families that use spoken language?

Accepted Answer

A) It is similar, but slower to develop. 
B) It is different, and faster to develop. 
C) It is manual and characteristic of signing. 
D) It is verbal and more persistent. 
A) It is similar, but slower to develop. 
B) It is different, and faster to develop. 
C) It is manual and characteristic of signing. 
D) It is verbal and more persistent.

Question 8

Describe what morphological knowledge is, and explain how morphological knowledge might allow children to figure out the meaning of novel words.

Accepted Answer

Morphological knowledge refers to an und

Question 9

Lochlain uses the Gaelic word for truck when conversing in English with his English-speaking grandparents.What does this represent?

Accepted Answer

A) morphological misunderstanding 
B) an overregularization 
C) an underextension 
D) code-mixing 
A) morphological misunderstanding 
B) an overregularization 
C) an underextension 
D) code-mixing

Question 10

By the age of 2 to 2 1/2, how do most children use terms such as big and little?

Accepted Answer

A) to draw proper normative conclusions and to make appropriate functional judgments 
B) to draw proper normative conclusions and perceptual inferences 
C) to draw proper perceptual inferences and to make appropriate functional judgments 
D) to make appropriate functional judgments and draw upon spatial contrasts 
A) to draw proper normative conclusions and to make appropriate functional judgments 
B) to draw proper normative conclusions and perceptual inferences 
C) to draw proper perceptual inferences and to make appropriate functional judgments 
D) to make appropriate functional judgments and draw upon spatial contrasts

Question 11

Obtaining the answer to which of the following questions best exemplifies the purpose of using the wugs test to investigate language development in young children?

Accepted Answer

A) Do they know how to describe the grammatical rules that they apply? 
B) Do they know the difference between vocables and recasts? 
C) Do they know when they express gender-biased language? 
D) Do they know that plurals in English are formed by added the s sound at the end of a noun? 
A) Do they know how to describe the grammatical rules that they apply? 
B) Do they know the difference between vocables and recasts? 
C) Do they know when they express gender-biased language? 
D) Do they know that plurals in English are formed by added the s sound at the end of a noun?

Question 12

Which of the following has been found to be essential, and sufficient, if the acquisition of syntax is to proceed normally?

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to other people conversing 
B) a high rate of imitation of adult language 
C) one-to-one conversations with a proficient speaker 
D) parental reinforcement of correct grammatical usage 
A) exposure to other people conversing 
B) a high rate of imitation of adult language 
C) one-to-one conversations with a proficient speaker 
D) parental reinforcement of correct grammatical usage

Question 13

What is the term for the assumption that each object has one label, and that different words refer to separate, nonoverlapping categories?

Accepted Answer

A) object scope constraint 
B) mutual exclusivity constraint 
C) category constraint 
D) taxonomic constraint 
A) object scope constraint 
B) mutual exclusivity constraint 
C) category constraint 
D) taxonomic constraint

Question 14

Caretakers will often respond to their infant's vocalizations and smiles with similar behaviours.What is the function of such interchanges?

Accepted Answer

A) They are playful responses that have no other function than to strengthen the caretaker-infant bond. 
B) They are informal lessons on conversational turn-taking. 
C) They are playful interchanges that serve no other function than to reinforce vocalization. 
D) They are entertaining, incidental interactions that play no particular role in language development. 
A) They are playful responses that have no other function than to strengthen the caretaker-infant bond. 
B) They are informal lessons on conversational turn-taking. 
C) They are playful interchanges that serve no other function than to reinforce vocalization. 
D) They are entertaining, incidental interactions that play no particular role in language development.

Question 15

What does the morphology of language refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) the basic units of sound 
B) the principles of governing the formation of meaningful words from sounds 
C) the basic meaningful units of morphology 
D) the meaning of whole words and sentences 
A) the basic units of sound 
B) the principles of governing the formation of meaningful words from sounds 
C) the basic meaningful units of morphology 
D) the meaning of whole words and sentences

Question 16

Why do parents of young children use child-directed speech, recasts, and expansions?

Accepted Answer

A) to deliberately attempt to facilitate acquisition of grammar 
B) to provide simple language models for their children to imitate 
C) to optimize effectiveness of communication with their child 
D) to provide negative evidence of ungrammatical speech 
A) to deliberately attempt to facilitate acquisition of grammar 
B) to provide simple language models for their children to imitate 
C) to optimize effectiveness of communication with their child 
D) to provide negative evidence of ungrammatical speech

Question 17

What does it mean to say that children use holophrases?

Accepted Answer

A) They overextend usage of words. 
B) They create their vocabulary using nouns. 
C) They use a single word to represent a whole idea. 
D) They use language in a telegraphic manner. 
A) They overextend usage of words. 
B) They create their vocabulary using nouns. 
C) They use a single word to represent a whole idea. 
D) They use language in a telegraphic manner.

Question 18

Outline the typical developmental progression in children's use of questions in conversation.

Accepted Answer

The typical developmental progression in

Question 19

Heinz is just learning to talk, and he already says "please" and "thank you" and waits his turn in a conversation.What aspect of language knowledge has Heinz acquired?

Accepted Answer

A) morphology 
B) syntax 
C) semantics 
D) pragmatics 
A) morphology 
B) syntax 
C) semantics 
D) pragmatics

Question 20

Based on current research findings, which of the following best accounts for the tendency of 2-year-olds to use a telegraphic style of speech?

Accepted Answer

A) constraints on production 
B) overuse of holophrases 
C) lack of comprehension 
D) learned "baby talk" 
A) constraints on production 
B) overuse of holophrases 
C) lack of comprehension 
D) learned "baby talk"

Which of the following best defines a lexical contrast constraint?

Which of the following best describes the expansion of children's vocabularies between 6 and 10 years of age?

During the holophrastic stage of language acquisition, what is the proposed communicative function of the one-word terms the child uses?

Infant babbling often sounds as if the child has learned the "tune" before the words.What aspect of language is being referred to by the word tune?

Discuss the potential costs and benefits for English-speaking students enrolled in core language or immersion education programs.

In addition to several other pieces of evidence, researchers have cited cross-cultural findings of a commonality in structure of early spoken and signed language as evidence for which theory of language acquisition?

How does the babbling of children in families using only sign language differ from the babbling of children in families that use spoken language?

Describe what morphological knowledge is, and explain how morphological knowledge might allow children to figure out the meaning of novel words.

Lochlain uses the Gaelic word for truck when conversing in English with his English-speaking grandparents.What does this represent?

By the age of 2 to 2 1/2, how do most children use terms such as big and little?

Obtaining the answer to which of the following questions best exemplifies the purpose of using the wugs test to investigate language development in young children?

Which of the following has been found to be essential, and sufficient, if the acquisition of syntax is to proceed normally?

What is the term for the assumption that each object has one label, and that different words refer to separate, nonoverlapping categories?

Caretakers will often respond to their infant's vocalizations and smiles with similar behaviours.What is the function of such interchanges?

What does the morphology of language refer to?

Why do parents of young children use child-directed speech, recasts, and expansions?

What does it mean to say that children use holophrases?

Outline the typical developmental progression in children's use of questions in conversation.

Heinz is just learning to talk, and he already says "please" and "thank you" and waits his turn in a conversation.What aspect of language knowledge has Heinz acquired?

Based on current research findings, which of the following best accounts for the tendency of 2-year-olds to use a telegraphic style of speech?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development: the Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and the Beginnings of Sexual Development

Early Cognitive Foundations: Sensation, Perception, and Learning

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory, Cases Neo-Piagetian Theory, and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives and Connectionism

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities, and Gender-Role Development

Moral Development and Aggression

The Family

Beyond the Family Context: Peers, Schools, and Media Technologies

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Exam 11: Development of Language and Communication Skills

Which of the following best defines a lexical contrast constraint?

Which of the following best describes the expansion of children's vocabularies between 6 and 10 years of age?

During the holophrastic stage of language acquisition, what is the proposed communicative function of the one-word terms the child uses?

Infant babbling often sounds as if the child has learned the "tune" before the words.What aspect of language is being referred to by the word tune?

Discuss the potential costs and benefits for English-speaking students enrolled in core language or immersion education programs.

In addition to several other pieces of evidence, researchers have cited cross-cultural findings of a commonality in structure of early spoken and signed language as evidence for which theory of language acquisition?

How does the babbling of children in families using only sign language differ from the babbling of children in families that use spoken language?

Describe what morphological knowledge is, and explain how morphological knowledge might allow children to figure out the meaning of novel words.

Lochlain uses the Gaelic word for truck when conversing in English with his English-speaking grandparents.What does this represent?

By the age of 2 to 2 1/2, how do most children use terms such as big and little?

Obtaining the answer to which of the following questions best exemplifies the purpose of using the wugs test to investigate language development in young children?

Which of the following has been found to be essential, and sufficient, if the acquisition of syntax is to proceed normally?

What is the term for the assumption that each object has one label, and that different words refer to separate, nonoverlapping categories?

Caretakers will often respond to their infant's vocalizations and smiles with similar behaviours.What is the function of such interchanges?

What does the morphology of language refer to?

Why do parents of young children use child-directed speech, recasts, and expansions?

What does it mean to say that children use holophrases?

Outline the typical developmental progression in children's use of questions in conversation.

Heinz is just learning to talk, and he already says "please" and "thank you" and waits his turn in a conversation.What aspect of language knowledge has Heinz acquired?

Based on current research findings, which of the following best accounts for the tendency of 2-year-olds to use a telegraphic style of speech?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development: the Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and the Beginnings of Sexual Development

Early Cognitive Foundations: Sensation, Perception, and Learning

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory, Cases Neo-Piagetian Theory, and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives and Connectionism

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities, and Gender-Role Development

Moral Development and Aggression

The Family

Beyond the Family Context: Peers, Schools, and Media Technologies

Filters