Exam 4: Data Collection and Sampling

____________________ error results from the failure to collect data from all subjects in the sample.

Which of the following describes selection bias?

A cluster sample occurs when you randomly select groups, and for each group selected, you sample every single member of that group.

A nonsampling error can be caused by the wording of a question.

Experimental data tend to be more reliable, or "stronger," than survey data.

The ____________________ rate is the proportion of people in the sample who completed the survey.

Cluster samples typically cost less but they also increase sampling error.

Nonresponse error occurs when someone was not selected to participate in the survey.

The response rate of a survey is the proportion of all people who were selected but did not complete the survey.

Proper interviewer training helps to reduce ____________________ error.

The personnel director at a large company studied the eating habits of the company's employees. The director watched and recorded whether each employee brought his\her own lunch to work, ate at the company cafeteria, or went out to lunch. What method of data collection was used here?

Excluding some members of the target population results in ____________________ bias.

Smoking and Heart Attacks A medical researcher is interested in investigating the relationship between smoking and heart attacks {Smoking and Heart Attacks Narrative} What type of studies are plausible in this particular scenario, observational studies or experiments?

Which of the following types of samples is almost always biased?

In a self-administered survey, the individuals in the sample are typically contacted by ____________________.

A self-selected sample represents the sampled population but not the target population.

Two types of interviews that are used to collect data are ____________________ interviews and ____________________ interviews.

A person receives a mail survey and shreds it without opening it. This causes nonresponse error.

Soft Drinks A soft drink manufacturer has been supplying its products in bottles to grocery stores and in cans to small convenience stores. The company is analyzing sales of this product to determine which type of packaging is preferred by customers. {Soft Drink Narrative} Outline a better method for designing this study, so the same types of stores don't get the same types of packaging.

A senator wants to estimate the mean age of registered voters in her state. Unfortunately, she does not have a complete list of households in her state. Describe a sampling plan that would be suitable for her purposes.