Exam 6: Operant Conditioning Introduction

The weakening of a behavior by the withdrawal of reinforcement is called

Goal-oriented is to automatic as _____ behavior is to _____ behavior.

Define shaping. What are two advantages of using a secondary reinforcer, such as a sound, as an aid to shaping?

Which of the following conditions must be met for a response to be considered an operant?

Under what three conditions does extrinsic reinforcement undermine intrinsic interest? Under what two conditions does extrinsic reinforcement enhance intrinsic interest?

An electric shock is a reinforcer if it

As I walk up to my favorite coffee shop, I see a sign that reads "Closed for Repairs." This means that I won't be able to walk into the shop in order to get a latte and a muffin. In operant conditioning terms, the "closed" sign is

Money and social attention are common examples of _____ reinforcers.

An S^D is a stimulus that

Behaviorists have found it useful to define operant behaviors as a(n)

John smiles at his dog whenever it barks. As a result, the dog begins barking even more frequently. This is an example of

Properly speaking, when we praise a child for following instructions, we are attempting to reinforce

Research has shown that rats that have been reinforced for emitting lever presses will subsequently

Innate is to learned as a(n) _____ reinforcer is to a(n) _____ reinforcer.

In one variant of the Skinner box, a pigeon earns food by

A spanking is a punisher if it

Tangible rewards are likely to raise intrinsic interest when they are

Define the terms reinforcer and punisher . How do these terms differ from the terms reinforcement and punishment ?

Operant behaviors are usually defined as a _____ because _____.

Behaviors that are performed for their own sake are said to be _________ motivated; behaviors that are performed in order to achieve some additional incentive are said to be _________ motivated.