Question 1

Many apparent examples of true imitation in animals are actually examples of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  reference 
B)  rule-governed behavior 
C)  productivity 
D)  stimulus enhancement 
A)  reference 
B)  rule-governed behavior 
C)  productivity 
D)  stimulus enhancement

Question 2

According to the text, the person who best exemplifies willpower is the one who can overcome temptation through the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  visualization. 
B)  secondary, short-term goals. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  self-promises. 
A)  visualization. 
B)  secondary, short-term goals. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  self-promises.

Question 3

Martin, a convicted murderer, reforms himself after he reads a religious text. In this scenario, Martin's behavior illustrates _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  rule-governed behavior 
B)  adjunctive behavior 
C)  contingency-shaped behavior 
D)  contingency-deduced behavior 
A)  rule-governed behavior 
B)  adjunctive behavior 
C)  contingency-shaped behavior 
D)  contingency-deduced behavior

Question 4

The statement "Don't you dare open the door!" is an example of a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  standard 
B)  instruction 
C)  norm 
D)  Both a and b are correct. 
A)  standard 
B)  instruction 
C)  norm 
D)  Both a and b are correct.

Question 5

Katya tends to follow her older sisters around and imitate their behaviors. She often gets a lot of attention for doing so. Encouraged by this, she tends to imitate any new behavior (like learning dance moves, or playing a new game) that her sisters display, even if nobody notices her. Katya's behavior illustrates _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  shaped imitation 
B)  mimicry 
C)  behavioral contagion 
D)  generalized imitation 
A)  shaped imitation 
B)  mimicry 
C)  behavioral contagion 
D)  generalized imitation

Question 6

Byron, who attended a massage workshop, is less skilled at massage than Salima, who has to massage her ill mother daily. This is an instance in which _____ is less efficient than behavior that has been shaped by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  rule-governed behavior; natural contingencies 
B)  contingency-shaped behavior; rules 
C)  positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement 
D)  negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement 
A)  rule-governed behavior; natural contingencies 
B)  contingency-shaped behavior; rules 
C)  positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement 
D)  negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement

Question 7

Describe Bandura's Bobo doll studies. What were the main conclusions from those studies?

Accepted Answer

Bandura's Bobo doll studies were a serie

Question 8

Vicarious emotional responses are _____ emotional responses that result from seeing such responses exhibited by others.

Accepted Answer

A)  classically conditioned 
B)  positively reinforced 
C)  negatively reinforced 
D)  Both b and c are correct. 
A)  classically conditioned 
B)  positively reinforced 
C)  negatively reinforced 
D)  Both b and c are correct.

Question 9

Describe the main advantage of rule-governed behavior over contingency-shaped behavior. What are the two disadvantages of rule-governed behavior?

Accepted Answer

The main advantage of rule-governed beha

Question 10

The statement "Leave me alone!" is an example of an instruction:

Accepted Answer

A)  that is not a rule. 
B)  in which the consequence is implied. 
C)  in which the consequence is explicit. 
D)  that is not connected with any consequence. 
A)  that is not a rule. 
B)  in which the consequence is implied. 
C)  in which the consequence is explicit. 
D)  that is not connected with any consequence.

Question 11

Behavior that is generated through exposure to rules is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  criterion-based behavior 
B)  rule-governed behavior 
C)  conformity to rules 
D)  obedience 
A)  criterion-based behavior 
B)  rule-governed behavior 
C)  conformity to rules 
D)  obedience

Question 12

In Bandura's Bobo doll studies, children observed:

Accepted Answer

A)  adults being attacked by clowns. 
B)  adults interacting with toys. 
C)  other children behaving violently toward one another. 
D)  other children fighting over toys. 
A)  adults being attacked by clowns. 
B)  adults interacting with toys. 
C)  other children behaving violently toward one another. 
D)  other children fighting over toys.

Question 13

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from Bandura's Bobo doll studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children who observe an aggressive model are more likely to be generally aggressive. 
B)  Children who observe an aggressive model tend to replicate the actual behaviors of the model. 
C)  Children are influenced by the consequences that a model experiences while behaving aggressively. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  Children who observe an aggressive model are more likely to be generally aggressive. 
B)  Children who observe an aggressive model tend to replicate the actual behaviors of the model. 
C)  Children are influenced by the consequences that a model experiences while behaving aggressively. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 14

After listening to Allison describe how to fix a software glitch, Burton was able to quickly carry it out. Burton's behavior in this instance most likely illustrates _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  adjunctive behavior 
B)  shaped behavior 
C)  melioration 
D)  rule-governed behavior 
A)  adjunctive behavior 
B)  shaped behavior 
C)  melioration 
D)  rule-governed behavior

Question 15

When Bernadette glanced toward a video arcade, she saw a number of kids standing in line for a new game. Later, when the arcade had quieted down a bit, she went in and tried out the game herself. Her behavior is best described as an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus enhancement 
B)  vicarious imitation 
C)  true imitation 
D)  stimulus sensitization 
A)  stimulus enhancement 
B)  vicarious imitation 
C)  true imitation 
D)  stimulus sensitization

Question 16

The statement "I should drive slow so that I can clearly see the sights along the highway" is an example of a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-instruction 
B)  personal rule 
C)  attitude 
D)  Both a and b are correct. 
A)  self-instruction 
B)  personal rule 
C)  attitude 
D)  Both a and b are correct.

Question 17

List the three ways in which acquisition of information through observational learning translates into the performance of a behavior.

Accepted Answer

1. Imitation: Observational learning all

Question 18

If a young rat watches its mother eating a novel food, the young rat is _________ likely to consume the same food.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a young rat watches its mother...

Question 19

How does stimulus enhancement differ from true imitation?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus enhancement and true imitation

Question 20

_____ occurs when there is a close match between what we say we are going to do and what we actually do at a later time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Say-do correspondence 
B)  Do-say correspondence 
C)  Verbal correspondence 
D)  Verbal contingency correspondence 
A)  Say-do correspondence 
B)  Do-say correspondence 
C)  Verbal correspondence 
D)  Verbal contingency correspondence

Many apparent examples of true imitation in animals are actually examples of _____.

According to the text, the person who best exemplifies willpower is the one who can overcome temptation through the use of:

Martin, a convicted murderer, reforms himself after he reads a religious text. In this scenario, Martin's behavior illustrates _____.

The statement "Don't you dare open the door!" is an example of a(n) _____.

Byron, who attended a massage workshop, is less skilled at massage than Salima, who has to massage her ill mother daily. This is an instance in which _ is less efficient than behavior that has been shaped by _.

Describe Bandura's Bobo doll studies. What were the main conclusions from those studies?

Vicarious emotional responses are _____ emotional responses that result from seeing such responses exhibited by others.

Describe the main advantage of rule-governed behavior over contingency-shaped behavior. What are the two disadvantages of rule-governed behavior?

The statement "Leave me alone!" is an example of an instruction:

Behavior that is generated through exposure to rules is known as _____.

In Bandura's Bobo doll studies, children observed:

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from Bandura's Bobo doll studies?

After listening to Allison describe how to fix a software glitch, Burton was able to quickly carry it out. Burton's behavior in this instance most likely illustrates _____.

When Bernadette glanced toward a video arcade, she saw a number of kids standing in line for a new game. Later, when the arcade had quieted down a bit, she went in and tried out the game herself. Her behavior is best described as an example of _____.

The statement "I should drive slow so that I can clearly see the sights along the highway" is an example of a(n) _____.

List the three ways in which acquisition of information through observational learning translates into the performance of a behavior.

If a young rat watches its mother eating a novel food, the young rat is _________ likely to consume the same food.

How does stimulus enhancement differ from true imitation?

_____ occurs when there is a close match between what we say we are going to do and what we actually do at a later time.

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Choice Matching and Self Control

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Exam 11: Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Many apparent examples of true imitation in animals are actually examples of _____.

According to the text, the person who best exemplifies willpower is the one who can overcome temptation through the use of:

Martin, a convicted murderer, reforms himself after he reads a religious text. In this scenario, Martin's behavior illustrates _____.

The statement "Don't you dare open the door!" is an example of a(n) _____.

Byron, who attended a massage workshop, is less skilled at massage than Salima, who has to massage her ill mother daily. This is an instance in which _____ is less efficient than behavior that has been shaped by _____.

Describe Bandura's Bobo doll studies. What were the main conclusions from those studies?

Vicarious emotional responses are _____ emotional responses that result from seeing such responses exhibited by others.

Describe the main advantage of rule-governed behavior over contingency-shaped behavior. What are the two disadvantages of rule-governed behavior?

The statement "Leave me alone!" is an example of an instruction:

Behavior that is generated through exposure to rules is known as _____.

In Bandura's Bobo doll studies, children observed:

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from Bandura's Bobo doll studies?

After listening to Allison describe how to fix a software glitch, Burton was able to quickly carry it out. Burton's behavior in this instance most likely illustrates _____.

When Bernadette glanced toward a video arcade, she saw a number of kids standing in line for a new game. Later, when the arcade had quieted down a bit, she went in and tried out the game herself. Her behavior is best described as an example of _____.

The statement "I should drive slow so that I can clearly see the sights along the highway" is an example of a(n) _____.

List the three ways in which acquisition of information through observational learning translates into the performance of a behavior.

If a young rat watches its mother eating a novel food, the young rat is _________ likely to consume the same food.

How does stimulus enhancement differ from true imitation?

_____ occurs when there is a close match between what we say we are going to do and what we actually do at a later time.

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Choice Matching and Self Control

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Byron, who attended a massage workshop, is less skilled at massage than Salima, who has to massage her ill mother daily. This is an instance in which _ is less efficient than behavior that has been shaped by _.