Question 1

Glycosidic linkages between monosaccharide units may vary based on

Accepted Answer

A)  the anomeric form of the cyclic structure, i.e. , α or β . 
B)  which − OH group is involved. 
C)  both of these 
D)  none of these 
A)  the anomeric form of the cyclic structure, i.e. , α or β . 
B)  which − OH group is involved. 
C)  both of these 
D)  none of these

Question 2

Glycogen is sometimes called animal starch

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Isomers of sugars in which the position of ketone and aldehyde groups have been changed are called

Accepted Answer

A)  anomers. 
B)  diastereoisomers. 
C)  enantiomers. 
D)  epimers. 
E)  none of these 
A)  anomers. 
B)  diastereoisomers. 
C)  enantiomers. 
D)  epimers. 
E)  none of these

Question 4

In bacterial cell walls

Accepted Answer

A)  polysaccharides form nonspecific mixtures with proteins 
B)  polysaccharides are hydrogen bonded together 
C)  peptides form crosslinks between polysaccharides 
D)  oligosaccharides form crosslinks between proteins 
A)  polysaccharides form nonspecific mixtures with proteins 
B)  polysaccharides are hydrogen bonded together 
C)  peptides form crosslinks between polysaccharides 
D)  oligosaccharides form crosslinks between proteins

Question 5

Exhibit 16A A carbohydrate Fischer projection.   Refer to Exhibit 16A. The carbohydrate shown is

Accepted Answer

A)  the D isomer. 
B)  the L isomer. 
C)  both D and L. 
D)  neither D nor L. 
E)  It's impossible to tell from a picture which isomer this is. 
A)  the D isomer. 
B)  the L isomer. 
C)  both D and L. 
D)  neither D nor L. 
E)  It's impossible to tell from a picture which isomer this is.

Question 6

The most common biopolymer on earth is this carbohydrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Starch 
D)  Chitin 
E)  None of these carbohydrates is very common. 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Starch 
D)  Chitin 
E)  None of these carbohydrates is very common.

Question 7

Which of the following has only α [1 − 4] linkages and no α [1 − 6] linkages

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycogen 
B)  Amylose 
C)  Amylopectin 
D)  Starch 
E)  Cellobiose 
A)  Glycogen 
B)  Amylose 
C)  Amylopectin 
D)  Starch 
E)  Cellobiose

Question 8

The following sugar is also called fruit sugar:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Maltose 
A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Maltose

Question 9

Which of the following monosaccharides is a ketose?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  fructose 
C)  galactose 
D)  mannose 
A)  glucose 
B)  fructose 
C)  galactose 
D)  mannose

Question 10

The cyclic form of sugars

Accepted Answer

A)  has one more chiral center (the anomeric carbon) than the open-chain form. 
B)  loses a chiral center compared to the open-chain form. 
C)  is not usually found in nature. 
D)  has one more carbon atom than the open-chain form. 
E)  has one less carbon atom than the open-chain form. 
A)  has one more chiral center (the anomeric carbon) than the open-chain form. 
B)  loses a chiral center compared to the open-chain form. 
C)  is not usually found in nature. 
D)  has one more carbon atom than the open-chain form. 
E)  has one less carbon atom than the open-chain form.

Question 11

Exhibit 16B   Refer to Exhibit 16B. Diastereoisomers of D-Glucose include all of these, except :

Accepted Answer

A)  D-Fructose 
B)  L-Glucose 
C)  L-Idose 
D)  D-Galactose 
E)  All of these are diastereoisomers of D-Glucose. 
A)  D-Fructose 
B)  L-Glucose 
C)  L-Idose 
D)  D-Galactose 
E)  All of these are diastereoisomers of D-Glucose.

Question 12

Which of the following reagents is used to detect the presence of reducing sugars?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fehling's reagent 
B)  Millon's reagent 
C)  Cornforth reagent 
D)  Tollens' reagent 
A)  Fehling's reagent 
B)  Millon's reagent 
C)  Cornforth reagent 
D)  Tollens' reagent

Question 13

The linkage between the glucose residues in amylopectin and glycogen is:

Accepted Answer

A)  For the main chain α (1 → 4) and β (1 → 4) for the branches 
B)  For the main chain α (1 → 6) and α (1 → 4) for the branches 
C)  For the main chain α (1 → 4) and α (1 → 6) for the branches 
D)  For the main chain β (1 → 4) and β (1 → 6) for the branches 
E)  The linkage between the glucose residues is variable. 
A)  For the main chain α (1 → 4) and β (1 → 4) for the branches 
B)  For the main chain α (1 → 6) and α (1 → 4) for the branches 
C)  For the main chain α (1 → 4) and α (1 → 6) for the branches 
D)  For the main chain β (1 → 4) and β (1 → 6) for the branches 
E)  The linkage between the glucose residues is variable.

Question 14

Epimers are

Accepted Answer

A)  stereoisomers that differ from each other in their configuration at two or more carbon atoms. 
B)  stereoisomers that differ from each other in their configuration at a single carbon atom. 
C)  the α and β forms of cyclic sugars. 
D)  two related compounds, pyran and furan. 
A)  stereoisomers that differ from each other in their configuration at two or more carbon atoms. 
B)  stereoisomers that differ from each other in their configuration at a single carbon atom. 
C)  the α and β forms of cyclic sugars. 
D)  two related compounds, pyran and furan.

Question 15

Exhibit 16A A carbohydrate Fischer projection.   Refer to Exhibit 16A. The carbohydrate shown is

Accepted Answer

A)  a monosaccharide 
B)  a ketose. 
C)  a hexose. 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  a monosaccharide 
B)  a ketose. 
C)  a hexose. 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these

Question 16

Which of the following compounds is produced by oxidation of an aldose in the cyclic form?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hemiacetal 
B)  a hemiketal 
C)  a lactone 
D)  an amino sugar 
A)  a hemiacetal 
B)  a hemiketal 
C)  a lactone 
D)  an amino sugar

Question 17

Which of the following molecules is a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  lactose 
C)  fructose 
D)  galactose 
A)  glucose 
B)  lactose 
C)  fructose 
D)  galactose

Question 18

Glycosidic bonds from sugars

Accepted Answer

A)  always link to the other molecule through an oxygen atom. 
B)  always link to the other molecule through a nitrogen atom. 
C)  may link to the other molecule through either an oxygen or a nitrogen atom 
D)  none of these 
A)  always link to the other molecule through an oxygen atom. 
B)  always link to the other molecule through a nitrogen atom. 
C)  may link to the other molecule through either an oxygen or a nitrogen atom 
D)  none of these

Question 19

Which of the following monosaccharides is a ketose?

Accepted Answer

A)  arabinose 
B)  ribose 
C)  xylose 
D)  lyxose 
E)  none of them 
A)  arabinose 
B)  ribose 
C)  xylose 
D)  lyxose 
E)  none of them

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the glycosidic bond in the disaccharide shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  α (1 − 4) 
B)  β (1 − 4) 
C)  α (2 − 4) 
D)  β (2 − 4) 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  α (1 − 4) 
B)  β (1 − 4) 
C)  α (2 − 4) 
D)  β (2 − 4) 
E)  None of the above.

Exam 16: Carbohydrates

Glycosidic linkages between monosaccharide units may vary based on

Glycogen is sometimes called animal starch

Isomers of sugars in which the position of ketone and aldehyde groups have been changed are called

In bacterial cell walls

Exhibit 16A A carbohydrate Fischer projection. Refer to Exhibit 16A. The carbohydrate shown is

The most common biopolymer on earth is this carbohydrate:

Which of the following has only α [1 − 4] linkages and no α [1 − 6] linkages

The following sugar is also called fruit sugar:

Which of the following monosaccharides is a ketose?

The cyclic form of sugars

Exhibit 16B Refer to Exhibit 16B. Diastereoisomers of D-Glucose include all of these, except :

Which of the following reagents is used to detect the presence of reducing sugars?

The linkage between the glucose residues in amylopectin and glycogen is:

Epimers are

Exhibit 16A A carbohydrate Fischer projection. Refer to Exhibit 16A. The carbohydrate shown is

Which of the following compounds is produced by oxidation of an aldose in the cyclic form?

Which of the following molecules is a disaccharide?

Glycosidic bonds from sugars

Which of the following monosaccharides is a ketose?

Which of the following best describes the glycosidic bond in the disaccharide shown?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes Mechanisms and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses Cancer and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism Cellular Signaling

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