Question 1

Which of the following artificial sweeteners is a chemical derivative of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

A)  saccharin 
B)  cyclamates 
C)  sucralose 
D)  aspartame 
A)  saccharin 
B)  cyclamates 
C)  sucralose 
D)  aspartame

Question 2

For a D-sugar, any group that is written to the right of the carbon in a Fischer projection

Accepted Answer

A)  has an upward projection in a Haworth projection. 
B)  has a downward projection in a Haworth projection. 
C)  may be either up or down in a Haworth projection, it depends on the individual sugar. 
D)  is missing from a Haworth projection. 
A)  has an upward projection in a Haworth projection. 
B)  has a downward projection in a Haworth projection. 
C)  may be either up or down in a Haworth projection, it depends on the individual sugar. 
D)  is missing from a Haworth projection.

Question 3

Lactose intolerance

Accepted Answer

A)  arises from inability to metabolize the disaccharide lactose 
B)  depends on a deficiency of sucrose in the diet 
C)  is based on the composition of lactose, consisting glucose and fructose in glycosidic linkage 
D)  arises because lactose is a dimer of galactose 
A)  arises from inability to metabolize the disaccharide lactose 
B)  depends on a deficiency of sucrose in the diet 
C)  is based on the composition of lactose, consisting glucose and fructose in glycosidic linkage 
D)  arises because lactose is a dimer of galactose

Question 4

Glycogen is

Accepted Answer

A)  polysaccharide storage polymer found in plants 
B)  a linear polysaccharide 
C)  a highly branched polysaccharide found in animals 
D)  a synthetic sugar substitute 
A)  polysaccharide storage polymer found in plants 
B)  a linear polysaccharide 
C)  a highly branched polysaccharide found in animals 
D)  a synthetic sugar substitute

Question 5

Exhibit 16B   Refer to Exhibit 16B. The enantiomer of D-glucose is:

Accepted Answer

A)  D-Fructose 
B)  D-Glucose 
C)  L-Glucose 
D)  L-Idose 
E)  D-Galactose 
A)  D-Fructose 
B)  D-Glucose 
C)  L-Glucose 
D)  L-Idose 
E)  D-Galactose

Question 6

Insoluble fiber in the diet is better at better at providing bulk and stimulating peristaltic action than soluble fiber.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

One advantage of branched sugar polymers is the availability of more ends for chemical reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The difference between cellobiose and maltose is:

Accepted Answer

A)  one contains glucose and the other fructose 
B)  they contain different monosaccharides 
C)  they both contain glucose units but are connected together at different carbons 
D)  one has an á linkage and the other a â linkage 
E)  there is no difference between the two 
A)  one contains glucose and the other fructose 
B)  they contain different monosaccharides 
C)  they both contain glucose units but are connected together at different carbons 
D)  one has an á linkage and the other a â linkage 
E)  there is no difference between the two

Question 9

Diastereomers are

Accepted Answer

A)  mirror-image, nonsuperimposable stereoisomers. 
B)  non-mirror-image, nonsuperimposable stereoisomers. 
C)  stereoisomers with one or more double bonds. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  mirror-image, nonsuperimposable stereoisomers. 
B)  non-mirror-image, nonsuperimposable stereoisomers. 
C)  stereoisomers with one or more double bonds. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 10

A major difference between amylose and amylopectin is that

Accepted Answer

A)  amylose is connected by α (1 − 4) bonds and amylopectin is connected by β (1 − 4) bonds. 
B)  amylose is branched and amylopectin is not. 
C)  amylopectin is branched and amylose is not. 
D)  each is composed different types of sugar residues. 
A)  amylose is connected by α (1 − 4) bonds and amylopectin is connected by β (1 − 4) bonds. 
B)  amylose is branched and amylopectin is not. 
C)  amylopectin is branched and amylose is not. 
D)  each is composed different types of sugar residues.

Question 11

The following sugar is also called blood sugar:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Maltose 
A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Maltose

Question 12

Aldoses can form which type of cyclic structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemiacetal 
B)  Hemiketal 
C)  Both hemiacetal and hemiketal 
D)  Neither hemiacetal and hemiketal 
A)  Hemiacetal 
B)  Hemiketal 
C)  Both hemiacetal and hemiketal 
D)  Neither hemiacetal and hemiketal

Question 13

The following sugar is also called milk sugar:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Maltose 
A)  Fructose 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Maltose

Question 14

Which of the following monosaccharides is an aldose

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  galactose 
C)  mannose 
D)  ribose 
E)  all of them 
A)  glucose 
B)  galactose 
C)  mannose 
D)  ribose 
E)  all of them

Question 15

Maltose is composed of the following simple sugars

Accepted Answer

A)  galactose only 
B)  glucose only 
C)  fructose only 
D)  galactose and glucose 
E)  glucose and fructose
F) galactose and fructose 
A)  galactose only 
B)  glucose only 
C)  fructose only 
D)  galactose and glucose 
E)  glucose and fructose
F) galactose and fructose

Question 16

Blood typing depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  the nature of the oligosaccharide portion of glycoproteins on the surface of red blood cells 
B)  the presence of a polysaccharide coating on red blood cells 
C)  the presence of a polysaccharide coating on white blood cells 
D)  the addition of sucrose to blood before storage 
A)  the nature of the oligosaccharide portion of glycoproteins on the surface of red blood cells 
B)  the presence of a polysaccharide coating on red blood cells 
C)  the presence of a polysaccharide coating on white blood cells 
D)  the addition of sucrose to blood before storage

Question 17

Exhibit 16A A carbohydrate Fischer projection.   Refer to Exhibit 16BA Which of the following figures represents the Haworth projection of the carbohydrate shown?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 18

Exhibit 16B   Refer to Exhibit 16B. Epimers of D-Glucose include:

Accepted Answer

A)  D-Fructose and L-Glucose 
B)  D-Glucose and L-Glucose 
C)  L-Glucose and L-Idose 
D)  L-Idose and D-Galactose 
E)  L-Glucose and D-Galactose 
A)  D-Fructose and L-Glucose 
B)  D-Glucose and L-Glucose 
C)  L-Glucose and L-Idose 
D)  L-Idose and D-Galactose 
E)  L-Glucose and D-Galactose

Question 19

Cellulose is indigestible to most animals because

Accepted Answer

A)  animals do not have the enzymes needed to hydrolyze ester linkages between the monomer units 
B)  animals do not have the enzymes needed to hydrolyze the α -glycosidic linkages between the monomer units 
C)  animals do not have the enzymes needed to hydrolyze the β -glycosidic linkages between the monomer units 
D)  its molecular weight is too high for it to be degraded by enzymes 
A)  animals do not have the enzymes needed to hydrolyze ester linkages between the monomer units 
B)  animals do not have the enzymes needed to hydrolyze the α -glycosidic linkages between the monomer units 
C)  animals do not have the enzymes needed to hydrolyze the β -glycosidic linkages between the monomer units 
D)  its molecular weight is too high for it to be degraded by enzymes

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning sugar polymers is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Branched polymers have one non-reducing end and many reducing ends. 
B)  Linear polymers are more water-soluble than branched ones. 
C)  Branched polymers are more water-soluble than linear ones. 
D)  Sugar polymers may vary both in the composition of the sugar monomers and in the types of connecting glycosidic bonds. 
A)  Branched polymers have one non-reducing end and many reducing ends. 
B)  Linear polymers are more water-soluble than branched ones. 
C)  Branched polymers are more water-soluble than linear ones. 
D)  Sugar polymers may vary both in the composition of the sugar monomers and in the types of connecting glycosidic bonds.

Exam 16: Carbohydrates

Which of the following artificial sweeteners is a chemical derivative of sucrose?

For a D-sugar, any group that is written to the right of the carbon in a Fischer projection

Lactose intolerance

Glycogen is

Exhibit 16B Refer to Exhibit 16B. The enantiomer of D-glucose is:

Insoluble fiber in the diet is better at better at providing bulk and stimulating peristaltic action than soluble fiber.

One advantage of branched sugar polymers is the availability of more ends for chemical reaction.

The difference between cellobiose and maltose is:

Diastereomers are

A major difference between amylose and amylopectin is that

The following sugar is also called blood sugar:

Aldoses can form which type of cyclic structure?

The following sugar is also called milk sugar:

Which of the following monosaccharides is an aldose

Maltose is composed of the following simple sugars

Blood typing depends on

Exhibit 16A A carbohydrate Fischer projection. Refer to Exhibit 16BA Which of the following figures represents the Haworth projection of the carbohydrate shown?

Exhibit 16B Refer to Exhibit 16B. Epimers of D-Glucose include:

Cellulose is indigestible to most animals because

Which of the following statements concerning sugar polymers is false ?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes Mechanisms and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses Cancer and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism Cellular Signaling

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