Question 1

The prebiotic soup hypothesis proposes that organic molecules formed from cracks in the ocean floor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The incorporation of DNA into the information transfer system was advantageous because DNA is a catalytic molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following periods occurred during the Paleozoic era?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silurian period 
B)  Ediacaran period 
C)  Triassic period 
D)  Paleogene period 
E)  Jurassic period 
A)  Silurian period 
B)  Ediacaran period 
C)  Triassic period 
D)  Paleogene period 
E)  Jurassic period

Question 4

Place the following organisms in order of appearance in the fossil record, beginning with the earliest. 
 A. Ferns, algae, flowering plants, gymnosperms 
 
 B. Amphibians, reptiles, fish, mammals

Accepted Answer

A) Algae, ferns, gym

Question 5

The atmosphere of early Earth is currently thought to have contained:

Accepted Answer

A)  methane, water, ammonia, nitrogen, and oxygen. 
B)  carbon dioxide, water, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. 
C)  carbon dioxide, ozone, nitric oxide, water, and hydrogen sulfide. 
D)  carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen. 
E)  carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water, hydrogen, and nitric oxide. 
A)  methane, water, ammonia, nitrogen, and oxygen. 
B)  carbon dioxide, water, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. 
C)  carbon dioxide, ozone, nitric oxide, water, and hydrogen sulfide. 
D)  carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen. 
E)  carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water, hydrogen, and nitric oxide.

Question 6

Fossil stromatolites are evidence that cells existed 3.5 million years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which statement about dinosaurs is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species lived in social groups and hunted in packs. 
B)  Dinosaurs were all slow-moving, with relatively low metabolic rates. 
C)  Fossils of dinosaurs with feathers suggest that feathers first evolved to provide insulation. 
D)  Dinosaur social behaviors include courtship rituals and parental nurturing of the young. 
E)  Dinosaurs underwent an extensive radiation throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. 
A)  Some species lived in social groups and hunted in packs. 
B)  Dinosaurs were all slow-moving, with relatively low metabolic rates. 
C)  Fossils of dinosaurs with feathers suggest that feathers first evolved to provide insulation. 
D)  Dinosaur social behaviors include courtship rituals and parental nurturing of the young. 
E)  Dinosaurs underwent an extensive radiation throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.

Question 8

Stromatolites are rocklike columns composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  protists. 
B)  dinoflagellates. 
C)  microbial biofilms. 
D)  heterotrophic organisms. 
E)  photosynthetic eukaryotes. 
A)  protists. 
B)  dinoflagellates. 
C)  microbial biofilms. 
D)  heterotrophic organisms. 
E)  photosynthetic eukaryotes.

Question 9

At what date were gymnosperms, large dinosaurs, and the first toothed birds common?

Accepted Answer

A)  201 mya 
B)  66 mya 
C)  23 mya 
D)  359 mya 
E)  635 mya 
A)  201 mya 
B)  66 mya 
C)  23 mya 
D)  359 mya 
E)  635 mya

Question 10

Figure 21-1 
 ​

​ 
 During the____________, there was an explosive radiation of birds, which acquired adaptations for different habitats.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 21-1 
 ​ 
 
 ...

Question 11

The first photosynthetic autotrophs used the energy of the sun to split H2O because it is not very electronegative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

During the Pleistocene epoch, plant communities changed dynamically in response to which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  A meteor impact 
B)  Iridium in the soil 
C)  Fluctuating climates 
D)  Intense grazing pressure 
E)  Competition with gymnosperms 
A)  A meteor impact 
B)  Iridium in the soil 
C)  Fluctuating climates 
D)  Intense grazing pressure 
E)  Competition with gymnosperms

Question 13

Eons are the largest divisions of the geologic timescale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Why is there very little physical evidence of life from rocks of the Archaean eon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those rocks have been deeply buried in most parts of the world. 
B)  Those rocks occupy inaccessible areas of mountainous regions. 
C)  Those rocks have been greatly eroded in most parts of the world. 
D)  Those rocks occupy the polar regions and are thus covered by glaciers. 
E)  Those rocks have been deposited in oceanic trenches deep in the oceans. 
A)  Those rocks have been deeply buried in most parts of the world. 
B)  Those rocks occupy inaccessible areas of mountainous regions. 
C)  Those rocks have been greatly eroded in most parts of the world. 
D)  Those rocks occupy the polar regions and are thus covered by glaciers. 
E)  Those rocks have been deposited in oceanic trenches deep in the oceans.

Question 15

The Devonian period is frequently called the__________, a period that witnessed the explosive radiation of fishes with jaws.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Devonian period is frequently called the__________,...

Question 16

Which of the following suggest that the earliest cells were prokaryotic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microfossils 
B)  Stromatolites 
C)  Mold fossils 
D)  Cast fossils 
E)  Ichnofossils 
A)  Microfossils 
B)  Stromatolites 
C)  Mold fossils 
D)  Cast fossils 
E)  Ichnofossils

Question 17

Refer to the accompanying figure. Which organelle evolved from the photosynthetic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleus 
B)  Chloroplast 
C)  Food vacuole 
D)  Mitochondria 
E)  Endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  Nucleus 
B)  Chloroplast 
C)  Food vacuole 
D)  Mitochondria 
E)  Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

The iron-sulfur world hypothesis suggests that organic molecules formed near:

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanoes. 
B)  sulfur pools. 
C)  pools of water. 
D)  hydrothermal vents. 
E)  low atmosphere clouds. 
A)  volcanoes. 
B)  sulfur pools. 
C)  pools of water. 
D)  hydrothermal vents. 
E)  low atmosphere clouds.

Question 19

Which type of organisms were likely the first land animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birds 
B)  Reptiles 
C)  Mammals 
D)  Amphibians 
E)  Arthropods 
A)  Birds 
B)  Reptiles 
C)  Mammals 
D)  Amphibians 
E)  Arthropods

Question 20

Briefly explain the prebiotic soup hypothesis and identify two pieces of evidence that support this hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The prebiotic soup hypothesis proposes t

Exam 21: The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The prebiotic soup hypothesis proposes that organic molecules formed from cracks in the ocean floor.

The incorporation of DNA into the information transfer system was advantageous because DNA is a catalytic molecule.

Which of the following periods occurred during the Paleozoic era?

Place the following organisms in order of appearance in the fossil record, beginning with the earliest. A. Ferns, algae, flowering plants, gymnosperms B. Amphibians, reptiles, fish, mammals

The atmosphere of early Earth is currently thought to have contained:

Fossil stromatolites are evidence that cells existed 3.5 million years ago.

Which statement about dinosaurs is FALSE?

Stromatolites are rocklike columns composed of:

At what date were gymnosperms, large dinosaurs, and the first toothed birds common?

Figure 21-1 ​ ​ During the____________, there was an explosive radiation of birds, which acquired adaptations for different habitats.

The first photosynthetic autotrophs used the energy of the sun to split H2O because it is not very electronegative.

During the Pleistocene epoch, plant communities changed dynamically in response to which mechanism?

Eons are the largest divisions of the geologic timescale.

Why is there very little physical evidence of life from rocks of the Archaean eon?

The Devonian period is frequently called the__________, a period that witnessed the explosive radiation of fishes with jaws.

Which of the following suggest that the earliest cells were prokaryotic?

Refer to the accompanying figure. Which organelle evolved from the photosynthetic bacteria?

The iron-sulfur world hypothesis suggests that organic molecules formed near:

Which type of organisms were likely the first land animals?

Briefly explain the prebiotic soup hypothesis and identify two pieces of evidence that support this hypothesis.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 21-1 During the____________, there was an explosive radiation of birds, which acquired adaptations for different habitats.

The first photosynthetic autotrophs used the energy of the sun to split H₂O because it is not very electronegative.