Question 1

Amino acids and other organic molecules were formed in the laboratory of Miller and Urey from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen, methane, water, ammonia, and electrical discharge 
B)  Heat, ultraviolet radiation, water, carbon dioxide, and amines 
C)  Heat, infrared radiation, water, carbon dioxide, and free nitrogen 
D)  Heat, electrical discharge, water, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide 
E)  Ultraviolet radiation, electrical discharge, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and ammonia 
A)  Hydrogen, methane, water, ammonia, and electrical discharge 
B)  Heat, ultraviolet radiation, water, carbon dioxide, and amines 
C)  Heat, infrared radiation, water, carbon dioxide, and free nitrogen 
D)  Heat, electrical discharge, water, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide 
E)  Ultraviolet radiation, electrical discharge, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and ammonia

Question 2

The serial endosymbiosis hypothesis states that the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was the result of a mutually advantageous symbiotic relationship between two eukaryotic organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The__________ , buried under the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, is the apparent site of collision and the impact produced giant tidal waves that deposited materials from the extraterrestrial body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The__________ , buried under the Yucatán Peninsula...

Question 4

Mammal-like reptiles arose during which period?

Accepted Answer

A)  Triassic period 
B)  Cambrian period 
C)  Devonian period 
D)  Cretaceous period 
E)  Carboniferous period 
A)  Triassic period 
B)  Cambrian period 
C)  Devonian period 
D)  Cretaceous period 
E)  Carboniferous period

Question 5

What was the dominant life form of the Mesozoic era?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fish 
B)  Reptiles 
C)  Mammals 
D)  Amphibians 
E)  Vascular plants 
A)  Fish 
B)  Reptiles 
C)  Mammals 
D)  Amphibians 
E)  Vascular plants

Question 6

Clay is considered a possible site for early polymerization because it binds organic monomers and contains zinc and iron ions that may have functioned as ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which were the first organisms to release oxygen by photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Algae 
B)  Cyanobacteria 
C)  Gymnosperms 
D)  Flowering plants 
E)  Green sulfur bacteria 
A)  Algae 
B)  Cyanobacteria 
C)  Gymnosperms 
D)  Flowering plants 
E)  Green sulfur bacteria

Question 8

Human ancestors appeared in Africa during the Late_____________ and Early Pliocene epochs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Human ancestors appeared in Africa during the...

Question 9

Why is it believed that RNA was the first informational molecule to evolve?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA molecules can replicate into DNA molecules. 
B)  RNA molecules are more central to modern inheritance than DNA. 
C)  RNA molecules degrade more slowly in solution than DNA molecules. 
D)  RNA molecules are much simpler structures than other macromolecules. 
E)  RNA molecules are able to function as both enzymes and substrates for their own replication. 
A)  RNA molecules can replicate into DNA molecules. 
B)  RNA molecules are more central to modern inheritance than DNA. 
C)  RNA molecules degrade more slowly in solution than DNA molecules. 
D)  RNA molecules are much simpler structures than other macromolecules. 
E)  RNA molecules are able to function as both enzymes and substrates for their own replication.

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: First forests, gymnosperms appear, wingless insects appear, fish with jaws, amphibians appear

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Carboniferous 359 mya and Jurassic 200 mya is...

Question 11

Identify three ways in which the evolution of photosynthetic autotrophs affected either the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

1. Photosynthetic organisms changed the

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: Forests of ferns, spread of ancient amphibians, first reptiles

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Carboniferous 359 mya and Devonian 488 mya is...

Question 13

The atmosphere of early Earth did not include:

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide. 
B)  water vapor. 
C)  carbon monoxide. 
D)  nitrogen. 
E)  hydrogen. 
A)  carbon dioxide. 
B)  water vapor. 
C)  carbon monoxide. 
D)  nitrogen. 
E)  hydrogen.

Question 14

This period was characterized by the decline of some woody plants and the rise of herbaceous plants:

Accepted Answer

A)  Paleogene period. 
B)  Neogene period. 
C)  Quaternary period. 
D)  Cretaceous period. 
E)  Jurassic period. 
A)  Paleogene period. 
B)  Neogene period. 
C)  Quaternary period. 
D)  Cretaceous period. 
E)  Jurassic period.

Question 15

One critical requirement for life to arise on Earth was time for which of the following to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  The salinity of the oceans to stabilize 
B)  The Earth's various climates to stabilize 
C)  Molecules to accumulate and react with one another 
D)  The atmospheric temperature to increase sufficiently 
E)  The ozone layer to form, so that the level of ultraviolet radiation was reduced 
A)  The salinity of the oceans to stabilize 
B)  The Earth's various climates to stabilize 
C)  Molecules to accumulate and react with one another 
D)  The atmospheric temperature to increase sufficiently 
E)  The ozone layer to form, so that the level of ultraviolet radiation was reduced

Question 16

Amphibians evolved directly from which ancestral organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fishes 
B)  Reptiles 
C)  Small mammals 
D)  Soft-bodied animals 
E)  Marine invertebrates 
A)  Fishes 
B)  Reptiles 
C)  Small mammals 
D)  Soft-bodied animals 
E)  Marine invertebrates

Question 17

What was a significant outcome of the Miller and Urey experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  They demonstrated natural selection. 
B)  They were the first to synthesize living cells. 
C)  They proved that life did not originate on Earth. 
D)  They proved that the iron-sulfur world hypothesis was false. 
E)  They synthesized organic molecules from inorganic materials. 
A)  They demonstrated natural selection. 
B)  They were the first to synthesize living cells. 
C)  They proved that life did not originate on Earth. 
D)  They proved that the iron-sulfur world hypothesis was false. 
E)  They synthesized organic molecules from inorganic materials.

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: Bacteria and cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, age of marine invertebrates, first chordates

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Jurassic 200 mya and Cambrian 542 mya is...

Question 19

Which period would hold the record of the oldest fossils of multicellular animals, found in mountainous areas of South Australia, and parts of Canada and China?

Accepted Answer

A)  Edicarian 
B)  Devonian 
C)  Cambrian 
D)  Cretaceous 
E)  Ordovician 
A)  Edicarian 
B)  Devonian 
C)  Cambrian 
D)  Cretaceous 
E)  Ordovician

Question 20

The mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period was likely the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  rising seawater. 
B)  loss of vegetation. 
C)  extreme predation. 
D)  a dramatic change in climate. 
E)  the appearance of new competitors. 
A)  rising seawater. 
B)  loss of vegetation. 
C)  extreme predation. 
D)  a dramatic change in climate. 
E)  the appearance of new competitors.

Exam 21: The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

Amino acids and other organic molecules were formed in the laboratory of Miller and Urey from which of the following?

The serial endosymbiosis hypothesis states that the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was the result of a mutually advantageous symbiotic relationship between two eukaryotic organisms.

The__________ , buried under the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, is the apparent site of collision and the impact produced giant tidal waves that deposited materials from the extraterrestrial body.

Mammal-like reptiles arose during which period?

What was the dominant life form of the Mesozoic era?

Clay is considered a possible site for early polymerization because it binds organic monomers and contains zinc and iron ions that may have functioned as ATP.

Which were the first organisms to release oxygen by photosynthesis?

Human ancestors appeared in Africa during the Late_____________ and Early Pliocene epochs.

Why is it believed that RNA was the first informational molecule to evolve?

Identify three ways in which the evolution of photosynthetic autotrophs affected either the atmosphere.

The atmosphere of early Earth did not include:

This period was characterized by the decline of some woody plants and the rise of herbaceous plants:

One critical requirement for life to arise on Earth was time for which of the following to occur?

Amphibians evolved directly from which ancestral organisms?

What was a significant outcome of the Miller and Urey experiment?

Which period would hold the record of the oldest fossils of multicellular animals, found in mountainous areas of South Australia, and parts of Canada and China?

The mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period was likely the result of:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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