Question 1

ADH makes the walls of the collecting duct more permeable to water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Filtration occurs in the ____ of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A)  descending loop of Henle 
B)  ascending loop of Henle 
C)  proximal tubule 
D)  distal tubule 
E)  glomerulus 
A)  descending loop of Henle 
B)  ascending loop of Henle 
C)  proximal tubule 
D)  distal tubule 
E)  glomerulus

Question 3

Osmoconformers would most likely be found in

Accepted Answer

A)  estuaries. 
B)  coastal zones that receive freshwater. 
C)  freshwater. 
D)  terrestrial habitats. 
E)  open ocean waters. 
A)  estuaries. 
B)  coastal zones that receive freshwater. 
C)  freshwater. 
D)  terrestrial habitats. 
E)  open ocean waters.

Question 4

What is the difference between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Juxtamedullary nephrons are more numerous than cortical ones. 
B)  Cortical nephrons do not have loops of Henle, whereas juxtamedullary ones do. 
C)  Juxtamedullary nephrons have larger glomeruli than do cortical ones. 
D)  Juxtamedullary nephrons do not have loops of Henle, whereas cortical ones do. 
E)  Juxtamedullary nephrons have more glomeruli than do cortical ones. 
A)  Juxtamedullary nephrons are more numerous than cortical ones. 
B)  Cortical nephrons do not have loops of Henle, whereas juxtamedullary ones do. 
C)  Juxtamedullary nephrons have larger glomeruli than do cortical ones. 
D)  Juxtamedullary nephrons do not have loops of Henle, whereas cortical ones do. 
E)  Juxtamedullary nephrons have more glomeruli than do cortical ones.

Question 5

____ directly reabsorb substances from the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A)  Afferent arterioles 
B)  Efferent arterioles 
C)  Peritubular capillaries 
D)  Renal arteries 
E)  Renal venules 
A)  Afferent arterioles 
B)  Efferent arterioles 
C)  Peritubular capillaries 
D)  Renal arteries 
E)  Renal venules

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: connects the kidney with the urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

The Answer of urethra and loop of Henle and proximal is...

Question 7

What is the correct sequence of structures through which the filtrate would pass? 1) Bowman's capsule
2) Collecting duct
3) Distal convoluted tubule
4) Proximal convoluted tubule
5) Ascending loop of Henle
6) Descending loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

A)  1 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6 → 2 
B)  1 → 4 → 5 → 6 → 3 → 2 
C)  1 → 6 → 5 → 4 → 3 → 2 
D)  1 → 3 → 4 → 2 → 6 → 5 
E)  1 → 4 → 6 → 5 → 3 → 2 
A)  1 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6 → 2 
B)  1 → 4 → 5 → 6 → 3 → 2 
C)  1 → 6 → 5 → 4 → 3 → 2 
D)  1 → 3 → 4 → 2 → 6 → 5 
E)  1 → 4 → 6 → 5 → 3 → 2

Question 8

Which of the following would be absorbed across the tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium ions 
B)  Penicillin 
C)  Creatinine 
D)  Hydrogen ions 
E)  Glucose 
A)  Potassium ions 
B)  Penicillin 
C)  Creatinine 
D)  Hydrogen ions 
E)  Glucose

Question 9

Which of the following relationships is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insects: Malpighian tubules: urea as major nitrogenous waste 
B)  Annelids: protonephridia: ammonia as major nitrogenous waste 
C)  Freshwater fish: kidney: large volume of hypotonic urine 
D)  Sharks: kidney: large volume of hypertonic urine 
E)  Earthworm: kidney: ammonia as major nitrogenous waste 
A)  Insects: Malpighian tubules: urea as major nitrogenous waste 
B)  Annelids: protonephridia: ammonia as major nitrogenous waste 
C)  Freshwater fish: kidney: large volume of hypotonic urine 
D)  Sharks: kidney: large volume of hypertonic urine 
E)  Earthworm: kidney: ammonia as major nitrogenous waste

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: animals who maintain an optimal salt concentration in their bodies

Accepted Answer

The Answer of osmoconformers and osmoregulation and interstitial fluid and is...

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: most of the secretion occurs as the filtrate passes through this structure

Accepted Answer

The Answer of distal convoluted tubule and Bowman's capsule and is...

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: discharge of metabolic waste from the body

Accepted Answer

The Answer of excretion and osmoconformers and interstitial fluid and is...

Question 13

In humans, urea and uric acid are produced by the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Figure 48-3 ​
 
​
Refer to the accompanying figure. Secretion of potassium and ammonium ions occurs mainly in the portion labeled as

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  10 
A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  10

Question 15

The renal medulla is the inner portion of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Insects have an excretory system consisting of Malpighian tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is one disadvantage of excreting urea as opposed to uric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea is more toxic than uric acid. 
B)  Urea is less toxic than uric acid. 
C)  Urea is excreted by respiratory structures. 
D)  Urea requires more water for excretion. 
E)  Urea is produced from ammonia, not nucleic acids. 
A)  Urea is more toxic than uric acid. 
B)  Urea is less toxic than uric acid. 
C)  Urea is excreted by respiratory structures. 
D)  Urea requires more water for excretion. 
E)  Urea is produced from ammonia, not nucleic acids.

Question 18

Filtrate flows from the proximal convoluted tubule directly into the distal convoluted tubule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: highly toxic nitrogenous waste

Accepted Answer

The Answer of ammonia and uric acid and urea is...

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: a mass of capillaries

Accepted Answer

The Answer of urethra and loop of Henle and collecting is...

Exam 48: Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

ADH makes the walls of the collecting duct more permeable to water.

Filtration occurs in the ____ of the nephron.

Osmoconformers would most likely be found in

What is the difference between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons?

____ directly reabsorb substances from the nephron.

What is the correct sequence of structures through which the filtrate would pass? 1) Bowman's capsule 2) Collecting duct 3) Distal convoluted tubule 4) Proximal convoluted tubule 5) Ascending loop of Henle 6) Descending loop of Henle

Which of the following would be absorbed across the tubule?

Which of the following relationships is accurate?

In humans, urea and uric acid are produced by the kidneys.

Figure 48-3 ​ ​ Refer to the accompanying figure. Secretion of potassium and ammonium ions occurs mainly in the portion labeled as

The renal medulla is the inner portion of the kidney.

Insects have an excretory system consisting of Malpighian tubules.

What is one disadvantage of excreting urea as opposed to uric acid?

Filtrate flows from the proximal convoluted tubule directly into the distal convoluted tubule.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 48-3 Refer to the accompanying figure. Secretion of potassium and ammonium ions occurs mainly in the portion labeled as