Exam 7: Long-term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation.

According to levels of processing theory,deep processing results in better memory.However,studies have shown that shallow processing can result in better memory when the individual encodesand is tested.

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if

Experimental evidence suggesting that the standard model of consolidation needs to be revised are data that show that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval ofmemories.

Elementary school students in the U.S.are often taught to use the very familiar word "HOMES" as a cue for remembering the names of the Great Lakes (each letter in "HOMES" provides a first-letter cue for one of the lakes: Huron,Ontario,Michigan,Erie,Superior).This memory procedure usually works better than repeating the names over and over.The use of this familiar word provides an example of

Hebb's idea of long-term potentiation,which provides a physiological mechanism for the long-term storage of memories,includes the idea of

According to the levels of processing theory,which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Jenkins and Russell (1952)presented a list of words like "chair,apple,dish,shoe,cherry,sofa" to participants.In a test,participants recalled the words in a different order than the order in which they were originally presented.This result occurred because of the

According to memory research,studying is most effective if study sessions are

In Slameka and Graf's (1978)study,some participants read word pairs,while other participants had to fill in the blank letters of the second word in a pair with a word related to the first word.The latter group performed better on a later memory task,illustrating the

Katie and Inez are roommates taking the same psychology class.They have a test in four days during a 10:00 - 11:00 AM class period.Both women intend to study for three hours,but because of different work schedules,Katie will study one hour for each of the next three days,while Inez will study three hours the day before the exam.What could you predict about their performances?

In the famous obedience research conducted by Stanley Milgram,a participant was instructed to read a list of word pairs (e.g. ,"nice day," "blue dress," "fat neck")to another person.The participant would then read the list again but would only provide the first word.The other individual was to recall the word that went with this cueing word.This is an example of

Your book explains that brief episodes of retrograde amnesia (e.g. ,the traumatic disruption of newly formed memories when a football player takes a hit to the head and can't recall the last play before the hit)reflect

The story in the text about the balloons that were used to suspend a speaker in mid air was used to illustrate the role ofin memory.

Acquiring information and transforming it into long-term memory is

Memory performance is enhanced if the type of task at encoding matches the type of task at retrieval.This is called

You have been studying for weeks for a nursing school entrance exam.You love the idea of becoming a nurse,and you have been enjoying learning about the material for your exam.Each night,you put on relaxing clothes and study in the quiet of your lovely home.Memory research suggests you should take your test with a mind set.

Mantyla's "banana / yellow,bunches,edible" experiment demonstrates that,for best memory performance,retrieval cues should be created