Question 1

Passive molecular diffusion occurs when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the energy of ATP is added 
B)  random collisions between molecules occur 
C)  there are variations in molecular sizes 
D)  enzymes catalyze their movement 
E)  vesicles break off from the membrane 
A)  the energy of ATP is added 
B)  random collisions between molecules occur 
C)  there are variations in molecular sizes 
D)  enzymes catalyze their movement 
E)  vesicles break off from the membrane

Question 2

If a single-celled freshwater organism is transferred to saltwater, which of the following is likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will burst. 
B)  The cell will shrink. 
C)  Salt will be pumped out of the cell. 
D)  Salt will be pumped into the cell. 
E)  Enzymes will flow out of the cell. 
A)  The cell will burst. 
B)  The cell will shrink. 
C)  Salt will be pumped out of the cell. 
D)  Salt will be pumped into the cell. 
E)  Enzymes will flow out of the cell.

Question 3

The energy that fuels most life on earth comes from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the sun 
B)  heat 
C)  sucrose 
D)  water 
E)  glucose 
A)  the sun 
B)  heat 
C)  sucrose 
D)  water 
E)  glucose

Question 4

Order the steps of exocytosis:                     1. The vesicle membrane fuses with the plasma membrane.
                    2. The vesicle moves to the plasma membrane.
                    3. The vesicles contents are released to the extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 → 2 → 3 
B)  1 → 3 → 2 
C)  2 → 1 → 3 
D)  2 → 3 → 1 
E)  3 → 1 → 2 
A)  1 → 2 → 3 
B)  1 → 3 → 2 
C)  2 → 1 → 3 
D)  2 → 3 → 1 
E)  3 → 1 → 2

Question 5

Osmotic pressure is to a plant cell as ____ is to a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  air; balloon 
B)  water; water glass 
C)  fire; campfire 
D)  wind; windmill 
E)  dirt; vacuum cleaner 
A)  air; balloon 
B)  water; water glass 
C)  fire; campfire 
D)  wind; windmill 
E)  dirt; vacuum cleaner

Question 6

Red blood cells contain 2 percent salt. What will happen when the cell is placed in a 10 percent salt solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will burst. 
B)  The cell will shrink. 
C)  The cell will remain unchanged, but salt will diffuse out of the cell. 
D)  The cell will remain unchanged, but salt will diffuse into the cell. 
E)  The cell will remain unchanged, but water will diffuse out of the cell. 
A)  The cell will burst. 
B)  The cell will shrink. 
C)  The cell will remain unchanged, but salt will diffuse out of the cell. 
D)  The cell will remain unchanged, but salt will diffuse into the cell. 
E)  The cell will remain unchanged, but water will diffuse out of the cell.

Question 7

Which solution has the potential to diffuse the fastest?

Accepted Answer

A)  A solution with large molecules as opposed to smaller ones. 
B)  A solution with a higher concentration of molecules as opposed to one with a lower concentration. 
C)  A solution that is under low pressure as opposed to one under high pressure. 
D)  A solution that is at a low temperature as opposed to one at a higher temperature. 
E)  A solution containing a hydrophilic solute as opposed to a salt. 
A)  A solution with large molecules as opposed to smaller ones. 
B)  A solution with a higher concentration of molecules as opposed to one with a lower concentration. 
C)  A solution that is under low pressure as opposed to one under high pressure. 
D)  A solution that is at a low temperature as opposed to one at a higher temperature. 
E)  A solution containing a hydrophilic solute as opposed to a salt.

Question 8

A substrate is another term for a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme 
B)  product 
C)  reactant 
D)  active site 
E)  cofactor 
A)  enzyme 
B)  product 
C)  reactant 
D)  active site 
E)  cofactor

Question 9

To engulf a bacterium, a white blood cell would use ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  phagocytosis 
D)  exocytosis 
E)  sodium-potassium pumps 
A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  phagocytosis 
D)  exocytosis 
E)  sodium-potassium pumps

Question 10

Glucose is transported into a cell by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport 
B)  exocytosis 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  osmosis 
A)  active transport 
B)  exocytosis 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  osmosis

Question 11

The net direction that an ion or molecule moves is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent upon the size of the molecule 
B)  unpredictable because the movement is random 
C)  the result of concentration differences 
D)  controlled by the temperature of the medium 
E)  controlled by the membranes in the vicinity 
A)  dependent upon the size of the molecule 
B)  unpredictable because the movement is random 
C)  the result of concentration differences 
D)  controlled by the temperature of the medium 
E)  controlled by the membranes in the vicinity

Question 12

Most enzymes are composed of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA only 
B)  protein only 
C)  substrate only 
D)  RNA and protein 
E)  protein and substrate 
A)  RNA only 
B)  protein only 
C)  substrate only 
D)  RNA and protein 
E)  protein and substrate

Question 13

NAD+ is considered a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme 
B)  coenzyme 
C)  regulatory molecule 
D)  active site 
E)  intermediate 
A)  enzyme 
B)  coenzyme 
C)  regulatory molecule 
D)  active site 
E)  intermediate

Question 14

Why doesn't the gasoline in your car spontaneously ignite into flames? (The reaction of gasoline with oxygen is called a combustion reaction and is the reaction that is used to power your car.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The products of a combustion reaction have more energy than the reactants. 
B)  The gasoline in your car is in an air-tight container, so it cannot react with the oxygen from the air. 
C)  The amount of energy in the bonds of the products exceeds the amount of energy in the bonds of the reactants. 
D)  The reactants of the combustion of gasoline have less energy and the products. 
E)  The gasoline in your car alone cannot overcome the activation energy. 
A)  The products of a combustion reaction have more energy than the reactants. 
B)  The gasoline in your car is in an air-tight container, so it cannot react with the oxygen from the air. 
C)  The amount of energy in the bonds of the products exceeds the amount of energy in the bonds of the reactants. 
D)  The reactants of the combustion of gasoline have less energy and the products. 
E)  The gasoline in your car alone cannot overcome the activation energy.

Question 15

Wilting of a plant occurs ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  if the plant is placed in an isotonic solution 
B)  if there is a rise in turgor pressure 
C)  as a result of facilitated diffusion 
D)  if the plant is placed in a hypertonic solution 
E)  if the plant is placed in a hypotonic solution 
A)  if the plant is placed in an isotonic solution 
B)  if there is a rise in turgor pressure 
C)  as a result of facilitated diffusion 
D)  if the plant is placed in a hypertonic solution 
E)  if the plant is placed in a hypotonic solution

Question 16

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other small molecules cross the plasma membrane through the process of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  endocytosis and exocytosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  endocytosis and exocytosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 17

Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  energy 
B)  a gated channel 
C)  exocytosis 
D)  hypotonic and hypertonic differences across the cell membrane 
E)  vesicle formation 
A)  energy 
B)  a gated channel 
C)  exocytosis 
D)  hypotonic and hypertonic differences across the cell membrane 
E)  vesicle formation

Question 18

The sodium - potassium pump is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  simple diffusion 
C)  osmosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  bulk flow 
A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  simple diffusion 
C)  osmosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  bulk flow

Question 19

Consider the ADH reaction and answer the following question. ADH stands for alcohol dehydrogenase.   In the given reaction, ethanol represents the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme 
B)  reactant 
C)  product 
D)  activation energy 
E)  trigger 
A)  enzyme 
B)  reactant 
C)  product 
D)  activation energy 
E)  trigger

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: process by which atoms from different molecules are recombined to form new molecules
attaching a phosphate group by forming a higher energy bond
the main energy carrier between reaction sites in cells
the currency in a cell's economy
minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction
often a vitamin or mineral that improves enzyme functioning
molecule remaining at the end of a reaction
part of the enzyme that is specific for the reaction it will catalyze
molecule that enters a reaction
lowers the activation energy of a reaction
loss of protein structure by excessive pH, temperature and other factors
phosphate-group transfer
an excess of end-product molecules shuts down a metabolic pathway
proteins and molecules that generate the energy for the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP

Accepted Answer

The Answer of feedback inhibition and cofactor and activation energy is...

Exam 4: Energy and Metabolism

Passive molecular diffusion occurs when ____.

If a single-celled freshwater organism is transferred to saltwater, which of the following is likely to happen?

The energy that fuels most life on earth comes from ____.

Order the steps of exocytosis: 1. The vesicle membrane fuses with the plasma membrane. 2. The vesicle moves to the plasma membrane. 3. The vesicles contents are released to the extracellular fluid.

Osmotic pressure is to a plant cell as ____ is to a ____.

Red blood cells contain 2 percent salt. What will happen when the cell is placed in a 10 percent salt solution?

Which solution has the potential to diffuse the fastest?

A substrate is another term for a(n) ____.

To engulf a bacterium, a white blood cell would use ____.

Glucose is transported into a cell by ____.

The net direction that an ion or molecule moves is ____.

Most enzymes are composed of ____.

NAD+ is considered a(n) ____.

Why doesn't the gasoline in your car spontaneously ignite into flames? (The reaction of gasoline with oxygen is called a combustion reaction and is the reaction that is used to power your car.)

Wilting of a plant occurs ____.

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other small molecules cross the plasma membrane through the process of ____.

Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires ____.

The sodium - potassium pump is an example of ____.

Consider the ADH reaction and answer the following question. ADH stands for alcohol dehydrogenase. In the given reaction, ethanol represents the ____.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Osmotic pressure is to a plant cell as is to a .

NAD⁺ is considered a(n) ____.