Question 1

A plant wilts when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the soil water becomes hypotonic with respect to the cytoplasm 
B)  the soil water becomes hypertonic with respect to the cytoplasm 
C)  the turgor inside the cell increases 
D)  the turgor in the soil disappears 
E)  osmotic pressure is equal to the turgor pressure 
A)  the soil water becomes hypotonic with respect to the cytoplasm 
B)  the soil water becomes hypertonic with respect to the cytoplasm 
C)  the turgor inside the cell increases 
D)  the turgor in the soil disappears 
E)  osmotic pressure is equal to the turgor pressure

Question 2

The energy in chemical bonds is what type of energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetic 
B)  potential 
C)  atomic 
D)  nuclear 
E)  thermal 
A)  kinetic 
B)  potential 
C)  atomic 
D)  nuclear 
E)  thermal

Question 3

Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of ____ concentration to areas of ____ concentration.

Accepted Answer

A)  high; low 
B)  low; high 
C)  neutral; high 
D)  neutral; low 
E)  low; neutral 
A)  high; low 
B)  low; high 
C)  neutral; high 
D)  neutral; low 
E)  low; neutral

Question 4

What happens to a molecule when it is phosphorylated?

Accepted Answer

A)  It loses energy. 
B)  It receives a phosphate group. 
C)  It becomes denatured. 
D)  It loses electrons and protons. 
E)  It gains electrons. 
A)  It loses energy. 
B)  It receives a phosphate group. 
C)  It becomes denatured. 
D)  It loses electrons and protons. 
E)  It gains electrons.

Question 5

Energy flows in which pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sun → environment → consumers → producers 
B)  Sun → environment → producers → consumers 
C)  Sun → consumers → producers → environment 
D)  Sun → producers → consumers → environment 
E)  Sun→ producers → environment → consumers 
A)  Sun → environment → consumers → producers 
B)  Sun → environment → producers → consumers 
C)  Sun → consumers → producers → environment 
D)  Sun → producers → consumers → environment 
E)  Sun→ producers → environment → consumers

Question 6

Consider the ADH reaction and answer the following question. ADH stands for alcohol dehydrogenase.   In this reaction, ADH represents the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme 
B)  reactant 
C)  product 
D)  activation energy 
E)  trigger 
A)  enzyme 
B)  reactant 
C)  product 
D)  activation energy 
E)  trigger

Question 7

Energy ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  can be created but not destroyed 
B)  cannot be created but can be destroyed 
C)  can be created and destroyed 
D)  cannot be created or destroyed 
E)  can be created using a particle accelerator 
A)  can be created but not destroyed 
B)  cannot be created but can be destroyed 
C)  can be created and destroyed 
D)  cannot be created or destroyed 
E)  can be created using a particle accelerator

Question 8

A cow converts the energy of glucose into the energy of ATP. What happens to most of the energy in that conversion?

Accepted Answer

A)  It remains with the glucose-it can't be extracted. 
B)  It is lost as heat energy. 
C)  It is within the ATP molecule. 
D)  It is recycled back into glucose. 
E)  It is utilized in other metabolic pathways. 
A)  It remains with the glucose-it can't be extracted. 
B)  It is lost as heat energy. 
C)  It is within the ATP molecule. 
D)  It is recycled back into glucose. 
E)  It is utilized in other metabolic pathways.

Question 9

Pepsin is an enzyme that functions in the stomach. Its optimum pH would be ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  between 1 and 2 
B)  between 3 and 4 
C)  above 6 
D)  between 5 and 7.5 
E)  above 8.5 
A)  between 1 and 2 
B)  between 3 and 4 
C)  above 6 
D)  between 5 and 7.5 
E)  above 8.5

Question 10

Energy is defined as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the capacity to do work 
B)  the movement of atoms and molecules 
C)  movement of electrons 
D)  measurement of food intake 
E)  capacity to store sugar 
A)  the capacity to do work 
B)  the movement of atoms and molecules 
C)  movement of electrons 
D)  measurement of food intake 
E)  capacity to store sugar

Question 11

Which metabolite of alcohol is most toxic?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
B)  ethanol 
C)  acetaldehyde 
D)  acetate 
E)  ALDH 
A)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
B)  ethanol 
C)  acetaldehyde 
D)  acetate 
E)  ALDH

Question 12

ATP contains ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  alanine 
B)  arginine 
C)  phosphate 
D)  tyrosine 
E)  glucose 
A)  alanine 
B)  arginine 
C)  phosphate 
D)  tyrosine 
E)  glucose

Question 13

A solute passively diffuses through a transport protein out of the cell, therefore, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the concentration of the solute is higher inside the cell than outside 
B)  the concentration of the solute is lower inside the cell than outside 
C)  the concentration of the solute is the same inside and outside the cell 
D)  the concentration of water is higher inside the cell than outside 
E)  the concentration of water is lower inside the cell than outside 
A)  the concentration of the solute is higher inside the cell than outside 
B)  the concentration of the solute is lower inside the cell than outside 
C)  the concentration of the solute is the same inside and outside the cell 
D)  the concentration of water is higher inside the cell than outside 
E)  the concentration of water is lower inside the cell than outside

Question 14

Once glucose has entered a cell, what prevents it from diffusing back out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose pumps actively transported any leaked glucose back into the cell. 
B)  One side of the cell membrane is permeable to glucose, but the other side is not. 
C)  Glucose inhibitors attach to glucose once it's in the cell. 
D)  Glucose is phosphorylated, preventing it from leaving the cell. 
E)  Glucose is hydrolyzed into two three-carbon molecules that cannot diffuse in a reverse direction. 
A)  Glucose pumps actively transported any leaked glucose back into the cell. 
B)  One side of the cell membrane is permeable to glucose, but the other side is not. 
C)  Glucose inhibitors attach to glucose once it's in the cell. 
D)  Glucose is phosphorylated, preventing it from leaving the cell. 
E)  Glucose is hydrolyzed into two three-carbon molecules that cannot diffuse in a reverse direction.

Question 15

Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  lowering the activation energy 
B)  lowering the optimal pH 
C)  increasing the reaction temperature 
D)  increasing the energy in the system 
E)  increasing the activation energy 
A)  lowering the activation energy 
B)  lowering the optimal pH 
C)  increasing the reaction temperature 
D)  increasing the energy in the system 
E)  increasing the activation energy

Question 16

What is the most likely source of various hangover symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetate 
B)  acetaldehyde 
C)  ethanol 
D)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
E)  ALDH 
A)  acetate 
B)  acetaldehyde 
C)  ethanol 
D)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
E)  ALDH

Question 17

What happens in an electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrons move from a low energy level to a higher energy level. 
B)  Electron movement transfers energy to enzymes and other molecules. 
C)  Electron movement generates energy during each step. 
D)  Energy from the electrons is stored for future use in pigments. 
E)  The energy from the electron movement is used to break down ATP. 
A)  Electrons move from a low energy level to a higher energy level. 
B)  Electron movement transfers energy to enzymes and other molecules. 
C)  Electron movement generates energy during each step. 
D)  Energy from the electrons is stored for future use in pigments. 
E)  The energy from the electron movement is used to break down ATP.

Question 18

The enzyme that is part of the metabolic pathway that breaks down alcohol is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
B)  alcohol oxidase 
C)  ethanol peroxidase 
D)  liver catalase 
E)  ethanol protease 
A)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
B)  alcohol oxidase 
C)  ethanol peroxidase 
D)  liver catalase 
E)  ethanol protease

Question 19

A cirrhotic liver can no longer produce ____, which leads to swelling in the legs and abdomen. haptoglobin

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha-fetoprotein 
B)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
C)  haptoglobin 
D)  fibronectin 
E)  albumin 
A)  alpha-fetoprotein 
B)  alcohol dehydrogenase 
C)  haptoglobin 
D)  fibronectin 
E)  albumin

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of an energy-requiring reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The combustion of the gas in your car to move it forward. 
B)  The burning of a log to generate heat. 
C)  The synthesis of carbon dioxide into glucose. 
D)  The oxidation of metal to form rust. 
E)  The metabolism of glucose to form ATP. 
A)  The combustion of the gas in your car to move it forward. 
B)  The burning of a log to generate heat. 
C)  The synthesis of carbon dioxide into glucose. 
D)  The oxidation of metal to form rust. 
E)  The metabolism of glucose to form ATP.

Exam 4: Energy and Metabolism

A plant wilts when ____.

The energy in chemical bonds is what type of energy?

Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of ____ concentration to areas of ____ concentration.

What happens to a molecule when it is phosphorylated?

Energy flows in which pattern?

Consider the ADH reaction and answer the following question. ADH stands for alcohol dehydrogenase. In this reaction, ADH represents the ____.

Energy ____.

A cow converts the energy of glucose into the energy of ATP. What happens to most of the energy in that conversion?

Pepsin is an enzyme that functions in the stomach. Its optimum pH would be ____.

Energy is defined as ____.

Which metabolite of alcohol is most toxic?

ATP contains ____.

A solute passively diffuses through a transport protein out of the cell, therefore, ____.

Once glucose has entered a cell, what prevents it from diffusing back out of the cell?

Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction by ____.

What is the most likely source of various hangover symptoms?

What happens in an electron transport chain?

The enzyme that is part of the metabolic pathway that breaks down alcohol is called ____.

A cirrhotic liver can no longer produce ____, which leads to swelling in the legs and abdomen. haptoglobin

Which of the following is an example of an energy-requiring reaction?

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of concentration to areas of concentration.