Question 1

Nineteenth-century culture was characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  pessimism about the intelligibility and perfectibility of the world. 
B)  materialism, secularism, and optimism. 
C)  lack of faith in progress and technology. 
D)  a revival of Christian spirituality. 
E)  a downturn in the interest in science. 
A)  pessimism about the intelligibility and perfectibility of the world. 
B)  materialism, secularism, and optimism. 
C)  lack of faith in progress and technology. 
D)  a revival of Christian spirituality. 
E)  a downturn in the interest in science.

Question 2

Define the following terms: Louis Daguerre

Accepted Answer

Louis Daguerre, whose full name is Louis

Question 3

Define the following terms: "bourgeois century"

Accepted Answer

The term "bourgeois century" refers to t

Question 4

Social Darwinists, but not Darwin himself, believed that

Accepted Answer

A)  social classes, nations, and races engaged in a struggle for survival equivalent to that of all living beings in nature. 
B)  poverty was a sign of biological inferiority. 
C)  imperialism, racism, and colonization were natural processes and hence were quite moral. 
D)  inferior races, classes, and nations were to become extinct. 
E)  All of these 
A)  social classes, nations, and races engaged in a struggle for survival equivalent to that of all living beings in nature. 
B)  poverty was a sign of biological inferiority. 
C)  imperialism, racism, and colonization were natural processes and hence were quite moral. 
D)  inferior races, classes, and nations were to become extinct. 
E)  All of these

Question 5

In the realm of religion, in the late nineteenth century, which of the following is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Greater tolerance, or perhaps indifference to religion, led to more acceptance of religious diversity. 
B)  Reconciliation between the Catholic Church and most Protestant denominations 
C)  Persistent anti-Semitism continued in Eastern Europe. 
D)  Germany and Austria-Hungary granted citizenship to Jews. 
E)  Most European society refused to accept Jews as social equals. 
A)  Greater tolerance, or perhaps indifference to religion, led to more acceptance of religious diversity. 
B)  Reconciliation between the Catholic Church and most Protestant denominations 
C)  Persistent anti-Semitism continued in Eastern Europe. 
D)  Germany and Austria-Hungary granted citizenship to Jews. 
E)  Most European society refused to accept Jews as social equals.

Question 6

Define the following terms: Kulturkampf

Accepted Answer

Kulturkampf, a term originally coined in

Question 7

Define the following terms: Charles Dickens

Accepted Answer

Charles Dickens was a prolific and highl

Question 8

Define the following terms: Second Industrial Revolution

Accepted Answer

The Second Industrial Revolution, also k

Question 9

Define the following terms: Bibliothèque nationale

Accepted Answer

The term "Bibliothèque nationale" transl

Question 10

Discuss the main trends in Western culture in the age of optimism.

Accepted Answer

Students should be able to ide

Question 11

Nineteenth-century anthropologists, when comparing different human societies

Accepted Answer

A)  were mostly racists. 
B)  were all evolutionists. 
C)  denied that important anthropological differences existed. 
D)  agreed on the superiority of Europeans. 
E)  used the Bible as a reference for many of their theories. 
A)  were mostly racists. 
B)  were all evolutionists. 
C)  denied that important anthropological differences existed. 
D)  agreed on the superiority of Europeans. 
E)  used the Bible as a reference for many of their theories.

Question 12

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. On Map 23.1, how many of the streets shown were constructed by Haussmann, and how do they differ from most of the other streets shown on the map? Do all of Haussmann's streets seem to end at or near a train station or scenic landmark? What provisions did Haussmann make for transportation among the outlying sections of the city, and between them and the urban center?

Accepted Answer

On Map 23.1, it appears that a majority

Question 13

Bourgeois conventions toward women included all of the following except that

Accepted Answer

A)  women should neither receive a formal education nor work as teachers. 
B)  women's fashions should reinforce distinct gender roles and emphasize male material success. 
C)  domesticity was a woman's true calling. 
D)  women should be subordinate to men. 
E)  professional careers were nearly closed to women. 
A)  women should neither receive a formal education nor work as teachers. 
B)  women's fashions should reinforce distinct gender roles and emphasize male material success. 
C)  domesticity was a woman's true calling. 
D)  women should be subordinate to men. 
E)  professional careers were nearly closed to women.

Question 14

Define the following terms: scythe

Accepted Answer

A scythe is a farming tool used for cutt

Question 15

Define the following terms: positivism

Accepted Answer

Positivism is a philosophical theory tha

Question 16

Define the following terms: impressionist

Accepted Answer

Impressionist refers to a practitioner o

Question 17

Public educational and cultural benefits provided by governments in the late nineteenth century included all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  mandatory primary public education. 
B)  traveling libraries to reach rural areas. 
C)  free college education. 
D)  making museums open to the general public. 
E)  contributing to a dramatic rise in literacy. 
A)  mandatory primary public education. 
B)  traveling libraries to reach rural areas. 
C)  free college education. 
D)  making museums open to the general public. 
E)  contributing to a dramatic rise in literacy.

Question 18

Darwin's theories included all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  a struggle for existence with only the fittest surviving. 
B)  the theories referred to as "natural selection." 
C)  the idea that humans are essentially different from other animals because of their immortal souls. 
D)  the inevitability of evolution. 
E)  a systematic explanation of human development. 
A)  a struggle for existence with only the fittest surviving. 
B)  the theories referred to as "natural selection." 
C)  the idea that humans are essentially different from other animals because of their immortal souls. 
D)  the inevitability of evolution. 
E)  a systematic explanation of human development.

Question 19

Compare the condition of workers in the late nineteenth century with that of the peasantry. How did industrialization affect each group?

Accepted Answer

Essays should cite specific examples of

Question 20

Define the following terms: Claude Monet

Accepted Answer

Claude Monet was a French painter and a

Exam 23: The Age of Optimism, 1850-1880

Nineteenth-century culture was characterized by

Define the following terms: Louis Daguerre

Define the following terms: "bourgeois century"

Social Darwinists, but not Darwin himself, believed that

In the realm of religion, in the late nineteenth century, which of the following is not true?

Define the following terms: Kulturkampf

Define the following terms: Charles Dickens

Define the following terms: Second Industrial Revolution

Define the following terms: Bibliothèque nationale

Discuss the main trends in Western culture in the age of optimism.

Nineteenth-century anthropologists, when comparing different human societies

Bourgeois conventions toward women included all of the following except that

Define the following terms: scythe

Define the following terms: positivism

Define the following terms: impressionist

Public educational and cultural benefits provided by governments in the late nineteenth century included all of the following except

Darwin's theories included all of the following except

Compare the condition of workers in the late nineteenth century with that of the peasantry. How did industrialization affect each group?

Define the following terms: Claude Monet

The Ancestors of the West

The Ship, the Sword, and the Book: Western Asia, C.A 1500-400 B.C

The Greeks in the Polis to CA 350 B.C

Alexander the Great and the Spread of Greek Civilization, Ca 350-30 Bc

Rome, From Republic to Empire

Imperial Rome, 31 Bc-Ad 284

The World of Late Antiquity, 284-CA 600

Early Medieval Civilizations, 600-900

The Expansion of Europe in the High Middle Ages, 900-1300

Medieval Civilization at Its Height, 900-1300

Crisis and Recovery in Late Medieval Europe, 1300-1500

The Renaissance

European Overseas Expansion to 1600

The Age of the Reformation

Europe in the Age of Religious Wars, 1560-1648

Europe in the Age of Louis Xiv, CA 1640-1715

A Revolution in Worldview

Europe on the Threshold of Modernity, CA 1715-1789

An Age of Revolution, 1789-1815

The Industrial Transformation of Europe, 1750-1850

Restoration, Reform, and Revolution, 1814-1848

Nationalism and Political Reform, 1850-1880

Imperialism and Escalating Tensions, 1880-1914

War and Revolution, 1914-1919

The Illusion of Stability, 1919-1930

The Tortured Decade, 1930-1939

The ERA of the Second World War, 1939-1949

An Anxious Stability: The Age of the Cold War, 1949-1989

A Continuing Experiment: The West and the World Since 1989

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