Question 1

Define the following terms: Michael Bakunin

Accepted Answer

Michael Bakunin (1814–1876) was a Russian revolutionary anarchist, socialist, and founder of collectivist anarchism. He is considered one of the most influential figures of anarchism and one of the principal founders of the social anarchist tradition. Bakunin's ideas were based on the belief that the freedom of the individual was the most important aspect of society, and he strongly opposed authoritarianism, the state, and organized religion.

Born into a noble family, Bakunin quickly became disillusioned with the aristocratic lifestyle. He spent much of his life in exile, traveling through Europe and engaging with various revolutionary movements. His extensive writings on anarchism and revolution were often published posthumously and have inspired numerous anarchist movements.

Bakunin's philosophy was centered on the concept of collectivism, where the means of production and property would be collectively owned, as opposed to being owned by the state (as in state socialism) or by private individuals (as in capitalism). He believed that the state should be abolished and that society should be organized from the bottom up through voluntary associations of free individuals and workers' collectives.

He famously clashed with Karl Marx and the followers of Marx within the First International (the International Workingmen's Association), arguing that Marx's ideas would lead to a dictatorship of the proletariat and not to a stateless, free society as he envisioned. This dispute eventually led to the split of the International into two factions: the Marxists and the anarchists.

Bakunin's legacy is his contribution to the development of anarchist theory and his tireless advocacy for a society based on freedom, equality, and mutual aid, free from the constraints of centralized authority.

Question 2

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. From analyzing Map 24.2, what power would you say controlled the largest amount of Asian territory? What holdings did the United States have? Compare Russian possession of Outer Mongolia and Manchuria with the same area on a modern map. Are these regions still under Russian control?

Accepted Answer

From analyzing Map 24.2, it can be seen that the largest amount of Asian territory was controlled by the British Empire. The United States had holdings in the Philippines, Guam, and Hawaii.

In terms of Russian possession, on the historical map, Russia controlled Outer Mongolia and Manchuria. However, on a modern map, these regions are no longer under Russian control. Outer Mongolia is now an independent country, while Manchuria is part of China. Therefore, these regions are no longer under Russian control.

Question 3

Define the following terms: anarchism

Accepted Answer

Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that rejects all involuntary, coercive forms of hierarchy. It calls for the abolition of the state, which it holds to be undesirable, unnecessary, and harmful. Anarchists advocate for a society based on voluntary cooperation and free association of individuals and groups, without the imposition of authority or power by others.

The term "anarchism" is derived from the Greek "anarkhia," meaning "without a ruler," and anarchists seek to create a society without centralized political control. This does not mean a society without rules or organization, but rather one where all associations and relationships are consensual and not enforced through hierarchical structures of power.

Anarchism encompasses a broad range of social and political ideas, united by the belief that government and other forms of compulsory authority are harmful and should be replaced with voluntary associations and mutual aid. There are many different strains of anarchist thought, including individualist anarchism, social anarchism, anarcho-syndicalism, anarcho-communism, eco-anarchism, and others, each offering a unique perspective on how a stateless society might be organized and function.

Anarchists often advocate for direct action, including protests, strikes, and civil disobedience, as a means of enacting social change. They believe that true freedom and social justice can only be achieved by dismantling the existing power structures and creating a society based on equality and the free association of individuals.

Question 4

The Bolsheviks

Accepted Answer

A)  dominated the Russian Social Democratic Party. 
B)  were Marxists who believed that the socialist revolution could be accelerated. 
C)  were also known as the People's Will. 
D)  were Marxists who embraced "evolutionary socialism." 
E)  wished to create a constitutional monarchy. 
A)  dominated the Russian Social Democratic Party. 
B)  were Marxists who believed that the socialist revolution could be accelerated. 
C)  were also known as the People's Will. 
D)  were Marxists who embraced "evolutionary socialism." 
E)  wished to create a constitutional monarchy.

Question 5

By 1914, the Ottoman Empire

Accepted Answer

A)  had lost almost all of its European possessions. 
B)  had undergone major changes after a coup by the Western-educated Young Turks. 
C)  had acquired an elected parliament, in 1908. 
D)  was undermined by secessionist movements within its borders. 
E)  All of these 
A)  had lost almost all of its European possessions. 
B)  had undergone major changes after a coup by the Western-educated Young Turks. 
C)  had acquired an elected parliament, in 1908. 
D)  was undermined by secessionist movements within its borders. 
E)  All of these

Question 6

Analyze the dilemma faced by the British government in Ireland. What was meant by home rule, and why was it so strongly opposed by the British? Was it reasonable for the Irish to insist on a united Ireland?

Accepted Answer

This is another topic concisel

Question 7

As a sign of the times, the movement for women's suffrage in Britain included all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptions of parliamentary debates, threats on the prime minister, and attacks on his residence. 
B)  hunger strikes and retaliatory forced feedings. 
C)  support from the Crown. 
D)  the self-induced trampling of a suffragist at a horse race. 
E)  actions of violence against the movement from men inside and outside the government. 
A)  disruptions of parliamentary debates, threats on the prime minister, and attacks on his residence. 
B)  hunger strikes and retaliatory forced feedings. 
C)  support from the Crown. 
D)  the self-induced trampling of a suffragist at a horse race. 
E)  actions of violence against the movement from men inside and outside the government.

Question 8

Referring to the Chronological Chart in Chapter 24, choose three events that you could merge to make a theme. Explain how these three items support your theme.

Accepted Answer

Students could choose any of these to su

Question 9

Define the following terms: Vladimir Lenin

Accepted Answer

Vladimir Lenin, whose full name was Vlad

Question 10

Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of World War I?

Accepted Answer

A)  The division of the Great Powers into two armed camps: the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente 
B)  A heated arms race 
C)  The assassination of Franz Ferdinand 
D)  Weltpolitik 
E)  All of these 
A)  The division of the Great Powers into two armed camps: the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente 
B)  A heated arms race 
C)  The assassination of Franz Ferdinand 
D)  Weltpolitik 
E)  All of these

Question 11

Italy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries experienced all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  significant population growth. 
B)  the conquest of Libya. 
C)  elimination of serious regional differences. 
D)  massive worker unrest. 
E)  although calling itself a democracy, property qualification limited suffrage. 
A)  significant population growth. 
B)  the conquest of Libya. 
C)  elimination of serious regional differences. 
D)  massive worker unrest. 
E)  although calling itself a democracy, property qualification limited suffrage.

Question 12

Define the following terms: avant-garde

Accepted Answer

Avant-garde is a French term that transl

Question 13

Define the following terms: new imperialism

Accepted Answer

New Imperialism refers to the period of

Question 14

Define the following terms: Edvard Munch

Accepted Answer

Edvard Munch was a Norwegian painter and

Question 15

Define the following terms: suffragettes, suffragists

Accepted Answer

Suffragettes and suffragists were two gr

Question 16

Define the following terms: White Man's Burden

Accepted Answer

"White Man's Burden" is a term that orig

Question 17

Define the following terms: Dreyfus affair

Accepted Answer

The Dreyfus Affair was a political scand

Question 18

In what may be called an "age of uncertainty"

Accepted Answer

A)  organized religion declined. 
B)  the popularity of Eastern religions rose. 
C)  various forms of mysticism, such as séances, spread. 
D)  confidence in science was undermined. 
E)  All of these 
A)  organized religion declined. 
B)  the popularity of Eastern religions rose. 
C)  various forms of mysticism, such as séances, spread. 
D)  confidence in science was undermined. 
E)  All of these

Question 19

Define the following terms: Henri Bergson

Accepted Answer

Henri Bergson was a prominent French phi

Question 20

Which of the following is not characteristic of the new artistic styles at the turn of the twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  The tendency of artists to be introspective and self-absorbed 
B)  A revival of romanticism 
C)  Instant popularity and marketability 
D)  Expressionalism, futurism, and symbolism 
E)  Did not have a clear message 
A)  The tendency of artists to be introspective and self-absorbed 
B)  A revival of romanticism 
C)  Instant popularity and marketability 
D)  Expressionalism, futurism, and symbolism 
E)  Did not have a clear message

Exam 24: Imperialism and Escalating Tensions, 1880-1914

Define the following terms: Michael Bakunin

Define the following terms: anarchism

The Bolsheviks

By 1914, the Ottoman Empire

Analyze the dilemma faced by the British government in Ireland. What was meant by home rule, and why was it so strongly opposed by the British? Was it reasonable for the Irish to insist on a united Ireland?

As a sign of the times, the movement for women's suffrage in Britain included all of the following except

Referring to the Chronological Chart in Chapter 24, choose three events that you could merge to make a theme. Explain how these three items support your theme.

Define the following terms: Vladimir Lenin

Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of World War I?

Italy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries experienced all of the following except

Define the following terms: avant-garde

Define the following terms: new imperialism

Define the following terms: Edvard Munch

Define the following terms: suffragettes, suffragists

Define the following terms: White Man's Burden

Define the following terms: Dreyfus affair

In what may be called an "age of uncertainty"

Define the following terms: Henri Bergson

Which of the following is not characteristic of the new artistic styles at the turn of the twentieth century?

The Ancestors of the West

The Ship, the Sword, and the Book: Western Asia, C.A 1500-400 B.C

The Greeks in the Polis to CA 350 B.C

Alexander the Great and the Spread of Greek Civilization, Ca 350-30 Bc

Rome, From Republic to Empire

Imperial Rome, 31 Bc-Ad 284

The World of Late Antiquity, 284-CA 600

Early Medieval Civilizations, 600-900

The Expansion of Europe in the High Middle Ages, 900-1300

Medieval Civilization at Its Height, 900-1300

Crisis and Recovery in Late Medieval Europe, 1300-1500

The Renaissance

European Overseas Expansion to 1600

The Age of the Reformation

Europe in the Age of Religious Wars, 1560-1648

Europe in the Age of Louis Xiv, CA 1640-1715

A Revolution in Worldview

Europe on the Threshold of Modernity, CA 1715-1789

An Age of Revolution, 1789-1815

The Industrial Transformation of Europe, 1750-1850

Restoration, Reform, and Revolution, 1814-1848

Nationalism and Political Reform, 1850-1880

The Age of Optimism, 1850-1880

War and Revolution, 1914-1919

The Illusion of Stability, 1919-1930

The Tortured Decade, 1930-1939

The ERA of the Second World War, 1939-1949

An Anxious Stability: The Age of the Cold War, 1949-1989

A Continuing Experiment: The West and the World Since 1989

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