Question 1

Which domain of life contains the most multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Archaea 
B) Bacteria 
C) Prokarya 
D) Eukarya 
E) Microorganisms 
A) Archaea 
B) Bacteria 
C) Prokarya 
D) Eukarya 
E) Microorganisms D

Question 2

Collecting data without a specific hypothesis in mind is called

Accepted Answer

A) reductionism. 
B) hypothesis testing. 
C) discovery-based science. 
D) theoretical. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) reductionism. 
B) hypothesis testing. 
C) discovery-based science. 
D) theoretical. 
E) All of these choices are correct. C

Question 3

Researchers find a group of crocodiles where an expanded incubation temperature gives rise to male crocodiles.This particular group of crocodiles hatch male crocodiles even with incubation temperatures as low as 29 $\circ$C.What type of scientific approach has led to this observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Discovery-based science 
B) Hypothesis testing 
C) Theoretical testing 
D) Scientific method 
A) Discovery-based science 
B) Hypothesis testing 
C) Theoretical testing 
D) Scientific method A

Question 4

Changes in ________ represent the predominant cause for biological evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) homeostasis 
B) growth and development 
C) reproduction 
D) genetic makeup 
E) energy 
A) homeostasis 
B) growth and development 
C) reproduction 
D) genetic makeup 
E) energy

Question 5

An explanation for a biological process that is substantiated by a large body of evidence is called a

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis. 
B) theory. 
C) systems biology. 
D) reductionism. 
E) prediction. 
A) hypothesis. 
B) theory. 
C) systems biology. 
D) reductionism. 
E) prediction.

Question 6

The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over several generations is termed

Accepted Answer

A) homeostasis. 
B) growth and development. 
C) reproduction. 
D) biological evolution. 
E) organization. 
A) homeostasis. 
B) growth and development. 
C) reproduction. 
D) biological evolution. 
E) organization.

Question 7

The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its

Accepted Answer

A) proteome. 
B) genome. 
C) transcriptosome. 
D) phenotype. 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) proteome. 
B) genome. 
C) transcriptosome. 
D) phenotype. 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 8

All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is the most likely explanation for a group of crocodiles having acquired lower incubation temperatures giving rise to male crocodiles?

Accepted Answer

A) Horizontal gene transfer from a related species has introduced changes in this group's genome 
B) Horizontal gene transfer from a related species has introduced changes in this group's proteome 
C) One or more mutations in the genome have been passed through the group by vertical descent 
D) One or more mutations in the proteome have been passed through the group by vertical descent 
A) Horizontal gene transfer from a related species has introduced changes in this group's genome 
B) Horizontal gene transfer from a related species has introduced changes in this group's proteome 
C) One or more mutations in the genome have been passed through the group by vertical descent 
D) One or more mutations in the proteome have been passed through the group by vertical descent

Question 10

The proteome,rather than genome,is most directly responsible for the structure,function,and appearance of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A scientist isolates a single celled organism from the bottom of a sulfur hot spring.When examined under the microscope,it is clear that the cell is very small and contains no nucleus.Based on this evidence alone,in what domain of life is this organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Eukarya 
B) Bacteria 
C) Archaea 
D) Either bacteria or archaea 
E) It is impossible to determine anything based on this evidence alone 
A) Eukarya 
B) Bacteria 
C) Archaea 
D) Either bacteria or archaea 
E) It is impossible to determine anything based on this evidence alone

Question 12

What is the appropriate order of stages needed to investigate whether maple trees drop their leaves in the autumn because of colder days?
(1)Maple trees are grown in 2 greenhouses where the only variable is temperature (15$\circ$C vs.10$\circ$C).
(2)The hypothesis is rejected.
(3)There is no statistical difference in the number of leaves dropped at 10$\circ$C as compared to 15$\circ$C.
(4)The observation is that maple trees drop their leaves in autumn.
(5)The hypothesis is that maple trees drop their leaves because of colder temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A) 1,2,3,4,5 
B) 3,4,5,1,2 
C) 5,4,3,1,2 
D) 4,5,1,3,2 
E) 3,4,2,1,5 
A) 1,2,3,4,5 
B) 3,4,5,1,2 
C) 5,4,3,1,2 
D) 4,5,1,3,2 
E) 3,4,2,1,5

Question 13

Whether the external temperature is hot or cold,birds maintain an internal body temperature of approximately 40$\circ$C.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism. 
B) cellular respiration. 
C) growth and development. 
D) homeostasis. 
E) proteomics. 
A) metabolism. 
B) cellular respiration. 
C) growth and development. 
D) homeostasis. 
E) proteomics.

Question 14

A researcher tests the hypothesis that large,daily doses of vitamin C help protect against catching the common cold.What would be the best experimental and control group to test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Experimental group: takes a large dose of vitamin C daily;
Control group: takes nothing 
B) Experimental group: people with a cold are administered vitamin C daily;
Control group: people without a cold are not administered vitamin C 
C) Experimental group: takes a large dose of vitamin C daily;
Control group: takes a large weekly dose of vitamin C 
D) Experimental group: takes a large,daily dose of vitamin C; 
A) Experimental group: takes a large dose of vitamin C daily;
Control group: takes nothing 
B) Experimental group: people with a cold are administered vitamin C daily;
Control group: people without a cold are not administered vitamin C 
C) Experimental group: takes a large dose of vitamin C daily;
Control group: takes a large weekly dose of vitamin C 
D) Experimental group: takes a large,daily dose of vitamin C;

Question 15

All tissues are composed of cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When cells in an organism associate with each other they form

Accepted Answer

A) atoms. 
B) molecules. 
C) macromolecules. 
D) tissues. 
E) populations. 
A) atoms. 
B) molecules. 
C) macromolecules. 
D) tissues. 
E) populations.

Question 17

What is a valid,testable prediction based on this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Male crocodiles will prefer temperatures of 32 - 33$\circ$C 
B) Incubation of any crocodile egg at 32$\circ$C will result in a male crocodile 
C) Male eggs will hatch at 32$\circ$C while female eggs will not hatch at 32$\circ$C 
D) Male eggs will be more fragile than female eggs 
E) Crocodiles arrange the gender of offspring by manipulating incubation temperatures 
A) Male crocodiles will prefer temperatures of 32 - 33$\circ$C 
B) Incubation of any crocodile egg at 32$\circ$C will result in a male crocodile 
C) Male eggs will hatch at 32$\circ$C while female eggs will not hatch at 32$\circ$C 
D) Male eggs will be more fragile than female eggs 
E) Crocodiles arrange the gender of offspring by manipulating incubation temperatures

Question 18

The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a pre-existing ancestor to one that is used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If a scientist were studying the role of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion from a pancreatic cell,they would be studying

Accepted Answer

A) genomics. 
B) proteomics. 
C) cell biology. 
D) both genomics and proteomics. 
E) both proteomics and cell biology. 
A) genomics. 
B) proteomics. 
C) cell biology. 
D) both genomics and proteomics. 
E) both proteomics and cell biology.

Question 20

A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources.What is the likely process by which these different species of finches came about?

Accepted Answer

A) vertical descent with mutation 
B) horizontal gene transfer 
C) an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations 
A) vertical descent with mutation 
B) horizontal gene transfer 
C) an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations

Exam 1: An Introduction to Biology

Which domain of life contains the most multicellular organisms?

Collecting data without a specific hypothesis in mind is called

Researchers find a group of crocodiles where an expanded incubation temperature gives rise to male crocodiles.This particular group of crocodiles hatch male crocodiles even with incubation temperatures as low as 29 ∘\circ∘ C.What type of scientific approach has led to this observation?

Changes in ________ represent the predominant cause for biological evolution.

An explanation for a biological process that is substantiated by a large body of evidence is called a

The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over several generations is termed

The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its

All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism.

What is the most likely explanation for a group of crocodiles having acquired lower incubation temperatures giving rise to male crocodiles?

The proteome,rather than genome,is most directly responsible for the structure,function,and appearance of organisms.

A scientist isolates a single celled organism from the bottom of a sulfur hot spring.When examined under the microscope,it is clear that the cell is very small and contains no nucleus.Based on this evidence alone,in what domain of life is this organism?

Whether the external temperature is hot or cold,birds maintain an internal body temperature of approximately 40 ∘\circ∘ C.This is an example of

A researcher tests the hypothesis that large,daily doses of vitamin C help protect against catching the common cold.What would be the best experimental and control group to test this hypothesis?

All tissues are composed of cells.

When cells in an organism associate with each other they form

What is a valid,testable prediction based on this hypothesis?

The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a pre-existing ancestor to one that is used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics.

If a scientist were studying the role of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion from a pancreatic cell,they would be studying

A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources.What is the likely process by which these different species of finches came about?

The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water

The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

General Features of Cells

Membrane Structure, Transport, and Cell Junctions

Energy, Enzymes, and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

Gene Expression at the Molecular Level

Gene Regulation

Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Genetic Technology

Genomes, Repetitive Sequences, and Bioinformatics

Origin and History of Life

An Introduction to Evolution and Population Genetics

Origin of Species and Macroevolution

Taxonomy and Systematics

Microorganisms: The Archaea, Bacteria, and Protists

Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity: Vertebrates

An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function

Flowering Plants: Plant Behavior

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Animal Bodies and Homeostasis

Neuroscience I: Structure, Function, and Evolution of Nervous Systems

Neuroscience II: Sensory Systems

Muscular-Skeletal Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Circulatory Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems and the Homeostasis of Internal Fluids

Endocrine Systems

Animal Reproduction and Development

Immune Systems

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Physical Environment

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystem Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Researchers find a group of crocodiles where an expanded incubation temperature gives rise to male crocodiles.This particular group of crocodiles hatch male crocodiles even with incubation temperatures as low as 29 ^$\circ$C.What type of scientific approach has led to this observation?

Whether the external temperature is hot or cold,birds maintain an internal body temperature of approximately 40^$\circ$C.This is an example of