Exam 32: Neuroscience I: Structure, Function, and Evolution of Nervous Systems

Scientists used microelectrodes to measure the resting membrane potential (inside relative to outside)of a typical neuron and discovered a difference of

The simplest nervous system found in nature is the nerve net.An example of an organism that senses and responds to its environment with this ancient system would be

The neurotransmitter released at neuromuscular junctions (where the neuron meets skeletal muscle)in vertebrates is

New neuron synapses do not appear in the brain of adult vertebrate animals.

The period following an action potential during which a neuron cannot be stimulated to generate another action potential is referred to as

The peripheral nervous system in a vertebrate can be divided into

It is accurate to say that neural transmission across nearly all mammalian synaptic clefts is the result of

A researcher isolated a neuronal axon from the brain of a new species of squirrel and noticed that it was covered in a myelin sheath.What are the likely origins of this axon? (Check all that apply)

The electrical difference across a neuronal membrane is measured in

What type of neuron is responsible for carrying electrical signals AWAY from the CNS to elicit a response in the body?

Increasing the flow of Na⁺ ions into a neuron at rest (-70 mV initially)would trigger

The part of the axon closest to the cell body is the

The level of depolarization at which an action potential will be triggered is referred to as the

Graded potentials are particularly important for conveying stimulus intensity in

Complete the Nernst Equation by deciding what symbol belongs in the first blank. _________ = 60 mV log₁₀ ([X_{extracellular}/X_{intracellular}]).

The two distinct types of neurotransmitter receptors found in postsynaptic membranes are

The multi-purpose fluid that bathes the the central nervous system is called the

The main class(es)of neurotransmitters involved in regulating mood in vertebrate animals is/are

Disruption of neural signaling can produce profound changes in mood and behavior.Cocaine exerts its effects by

If you applied a toxin that blocked non-voltage-gated potassium channels (i.e. ,the potassium "leak channels")in a resting neuron,it would cause the membrane potential to be