Exam 15: How Black Lives Matter: Theoretical Developments

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According to Sampson and Wilson, norms of standards, expectations of conduct, and tolerances of behavior are called

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According to Unnever and Gabbidon, black parents must teach their children all the following except

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Explain why a street code develops according to Anderson.

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According to Anderson, a street code develops as a response to the lack of legitimate opportunities and resources in disadvantaged urban neighborhoods. In these areas, residents often face economic hardship, limited access to education and employment, and high levels of crime and violence. As a result, individuals within these communities may develop a set of informal rules and norms, known as a street code, to navigate their environment and protect themselves from harm.

The street code serves as a survival strategy for individuals living in these neighborhoods, providing guidelines for behavior and interactions in order to avoid victimization and maintain a sense of control and respect. This code often emphasizes the importance of loyalty, toughness, and self-reliance, while also discouraging cooperation with law enforcement and other authority figures.

Anderson argues that the development of a street code is a response to the social and economic conditions of these neighborhoods, and serves as a way for residents to adapt and cope with their environment. However, he also acknowledges that the street code can contribute to further violence and conflict within these communities, perpetuating a cycle of disadvantage and marginalization.

According to Sampson and Wilson's theory of race, crime, and urban inequality, which of the following is most true?

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When comparing blacks and whites in the using and selling of drugs, statistics show that

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Which of the following terms best describes the acceptance of violence in environments where it seems unavoidable and where alternative opportunities are limited?

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According to Sampson and Wilson's theory of race, crime, and urban inequality, which of the following is true?

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Explain how Clear's coercive mobility thesis is similar to and different from social disorganization theory.

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Drawing on the work of Sampson and Wilson, answer the following: a. What are cognitive landscapes? b. How can they play a role in crime? c. How do cognitive landscapes conducive to crime emerge?

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Explain the role of parents in Unnever and Gabbidon's theory. Compare that to the role of parenting in Gottfredson and Hirschi's theory. How are these theories similar? Different?

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Explain the differences among structural theories, cultural theories, and perceived discrimination theories. Give an example of each and explain why it is categorized as such.

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According to Clear, which of the following is true about the effects of incarceration on community rates of crime?

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Explain Unnever and Gabbidon's theory of African American offending. What is the causal factor of crime in their theory?

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According Unnever and Gabbidon, nearly all blacks believe

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How does the street code often result in the validation of violence and mistreatment of women?

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The following types of theories focus on race, except

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Describe the racial disparities in the criminal justice system. Why do these disparities exist?

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Clear argues that incarceration impacts each of the following systems within communities except

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According to Clear, the main reason why black men have such high rates of incarceration in comparison to other groups is

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Unnever and Gabbidon argue that whether a person deals with actual or perceived discrimination with crime is caused by

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