Question 1

According to Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory, why have women become more victimized by crime in the past few decades?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although routines of women have not changed, there are simply more motivated offenders in society these days. 
B)  Patriarchy in society has increased and thus men are more likely to think that they can use violence against women. 
C)  Because women are under more strain these days, they are less able to protect themselves. 
D)  Women are more likely to be away from home by themselves, such as going to work, going to college, and going out to bars. 
A)  Although routines of women have not changed, there are simply more motivated offenders in society these days. 
B)  Patriarchy in society has increased and thus men are more likely to think that they can use violence against women. 
C)  Because women are under more strain these days, they are less able to protect themselves. 
D)  Women are more likely to be away from home by themselves, such as going to work, going to college, and going out to bars. D

Question 2

The value of an item gets at which of the following routine activity concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Motivated offender. 
B)  Offender search. 
C)  Target suitability. 
D)  Effort. 
A)  Motivated offender. 
B)  Offender search. 
C)  Target suitability. 
D)  Effort. C

Question 3

This principle of defensible space refers to the location of the space within the broader urban locale.

Accepted Answer

A)  Image. 
B)  Natural surveillance. 
C)  Milieu. 
D)  Territoriality. 
A)  Image. 
B)  Natural surveillance. 
C)  Milieu. 
D)  Territoriality. C

Question 4

Explain why, in Newman's classic study, the Brownsville housing community had a lower crime rate than the Van Dyke housing community.

Accepted Answer

In Newman's classic study, the Brownsvil

Question 5

Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory has been supported in that, after World War II, there was a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in shoplifting. 
B)  Increase in daytime residential burglaries. 
C)  Increase in commercial burglaries. 
D)  Decrease in auto theft. 
A)  Decrease in shoplifting. 
B)  Increase in daytime residential burglaries. 
C)  Increase in commercial burglaries. 
D)  Decrease in auto theft.

Question 6

Explain the five categories of theories that can account for crime patterns as explained in the multilevel criminal opportunity theory.

Accepted Answer

The multilevel criminal opportunity theo

Question 7

What is meant by Wilcox et al. when they argue opportunity is multilevel? Give an example of a criminal opportunity that is influenced by both the individual level and the neighborhood level.

Accepted Answer

When Wilcox et al. argue that opportunit

Question 8

Which of the following is a hypothesis of routine activity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two-adult households have higher rates of victimization than do single-person households. 
B)  Middle-aged adults will have higher rates of victimization than adolescents. 
C)  Single persons have higher rates of victimization than do married persons. 
D)  Young girls (preteens) have a higher risk of victimization than female college students. 
A)  Two-adult households have higher rates of victimization than do single-person households. 
B)  Middle-aged adults will have higher rates of victimization than adolescents. 
C)  Single persons have higher rates of victimization than do married persons. 
D)  Young girls (preteens) have a higher risk of victimization than female college students.

Question 9

Which of the following is not one of Brantingham and Brantingham's assumptions of the theory of target search?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crime is not random. 
B)  Offenders and victims are not pathological in their use of time and space. 
C)  Crime events are simple. 
D)  Criminal opportunities and criminal events are structured. 
A)  Crime is not random. 
B)  Offenders and victims are not pathological in their use of time and space. 
C)  Crime events are simple. 
D)  Criminal opportunities and criminal events are structured.

Question 10

Where are crimes likely to cluster in the environment, according to offender search theory?

Accepted Answer

According to offender search theory, als

Question 11

Cohen and Felson argued that three factors were needed for a crime to occur. Which of the following did they not include as one of these three factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absence of guardianship. 
B)  Social learning. 
C)  Suitable target. 
D)  Motivated offender. 
A)  Absence of guardianship. 
B)  Social learning. 
C)  Suitable target. 
D)  Motivated offender.

Question 12

Explain why offenders do not like to travel far from their anchor neighborhood when committing crime, according to Brantingham and Brantingham.

Accepted Answer

According to Brantingham and Brantingham

Question 13

According to Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory, which of the following is least likely to be stolen?

Accepted Answer

A)  A refrigerator. 
B)  An automobile. 
C)  A portable flat-screen television. 
D)  A portable game system (Xbox, Wii). 
A)  A refrigerator. 
B)  An automobile. 
C)  A portable flat-screen television. 
D)  A portable game system (Xbox, Wii).

Question 14

According to Cohen et al.'s groundbreaking research in which they developed routine activities theory,

Accepted Answer

A)  Crime declined starting in 1960 while, at the same time, labor force participation rates increased. 
B)  Crime increased starting in 1960 while, at the same time, the percentage of households unoccupied during the daytime declined. 
C)  Crime declined starting in 1960 while, at the same time, personal consumption expenditures for durable goods increased. 
D)  Crime increased starting in 1960 while, at the same time, the percentage of households unoccupied during the daytime increased. 
A)  Crime declined starting in 1960 while, at the same time, labor force participation rates increased. 
B)  Crime increased starting in 1960 while, at the same time, the percentage of households unoccupied during the daytime declined. 
C)  Crime declined starting in 1960 while, at the same time, personal consumption expenditures for durable goods increased. 
D)  Crime increased starting in 1960 while, at the same time, the percentage of households unoccupied during the daytime increased.

Question 15

What is defensible space? List and give an example of each of the four principles of defensible space.

Accepted Answer

Defensible space refers to the design an

Question 16

This principle of defensible space refers to the capacity of design to influence the perception of an area as unique, well maintained, and nonisolated.

Accepted Answer

A)  Image. 
B)  Milieu. 
C)  Natural surveillance. 
D)  Territoriality. 
A)  Image. 
B)  Milieu. 
C)  Natural surveillance. 
D)  Territoriality.

Question 17

In offender search theory (also called crime pattern theory), what is the term used to refer to places like home, school, and work that offenders travel between in their daily activities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nodes. 
B)  Paths. 
C)  Edges. 
D)  Distance decay. 
A)  Nodes. 
B)  Paths. 
C)  Edges. 
D)  Distance decay.

Question 18

Nodes that attract large numbers of people for reasons unrelated to criminal motivation are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Crime attractors. 
B)  Crime-neutral places. 
C)  Crime hot spots. 
D)  Crime generators. 
A)  Crime attractors. 
B)  Crime-neutral places. 
C)  Crime hot spots. 
D)  Crime generators.

Question 19

According to Newman, the key difference in a community in generating or preventing crime was its

Accepted Answer

A)  Percentage of broken families. 
B)  Police coverage. 
C)  Number or residents. 
D)  Built environment. 
A)  Percentage of broken families. 
B)  Police coverage. 
C)  Number or residents. 
D)  Built environment.

Question 20

Which of the following is a hypothesis of routine activity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Household activities are more risky than nonhousehold activities. 
B)  Expensive movable durable goods have higher risk of theft than bulky expensive items. 
C)  Those not in the labor force are at greater risk of victimization than are those employed outside the home. 
D)  Age of head of household is positively related to household victimization. 
A)  Household activities are more risky than nonhousehold activities. 
B)  Expensive movable durable goods have higher risk of theft than bulky expensive items. 
C)  Those not in the labor force are at greater risk of victimization than are those employed outside the home. 
D)  Age of head of household is positively related to household victimization.

According to Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory, why have women become more victimized by crime in the past few decades?

The value of an item gets at which of the following routine activity concepts?

This principle of defensible space refers to the location of the space within the broader urban locale.

Explain why, in Newman's classic study, the Brownsville housing community had a lower crime rate than the Van Dyke housing community.

Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory has been supported in that, after World War II, there was a(n)

Explain the five categories of theories that can account for crime patterns as explained in the multilevel criminal opportunity theory.

What is meant by Wilcox et al. when they argue opportunity is multilevel? Give an example of a criminal opportunity that is influenced by both the individual level and the neighborhood level.

Which of the following is a hypothesis of routine activity theory?

Which of the following is not one of Brantingham and Brantingham's assumptions of the theory of target search?

Where are crimes likely to cluster in the environment, according to offender search theory?

Cohen and Felson argued that three factors were needed for a crime to occur. Which of the following did they not include as one of these three factors?

Explain why offenders do not like to travel far from their anchor neighborhood when committing crime, according to Brantingham and Brantingham.

According to Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory, which of the following is least likely to be stolen?

According to Cohen et al.'s groundbreaking research in which they developed routine activities theory,

What is defensible space? List and give an example of each of the four principles of defensible space.

This principle of defensible space refers to the capacity of design to influence the perception of an area as unique, well maintained, and nonisolated.

In offender search theory (also called crime pattern theory), what is the term used to refer to places like home, school, and work that offenders travel between in their daily activities?

Nodes that attract large numbers of people for reasons unrelated to criminal motivation are known as

According to Newman, the key difference in a community in generating or preventing crime was its

Which of the following is a hypothesis of routine activity theory?

The Origins of Modern Criminology

The Chicago School: The City, Social Disorganization, and Crime

Learning to Be a Criminal: Differential Association, Subcultural, and Social Learning Theories

Anomiestrain Theories of Crime

Varieties of Control Theory

Labeling Theory: Societal Reaction and the Creation of Criminals

Critical Criminology: Power, Peace, and Crime

Feminist Theories: Gender, Power, and Crime

Theories of White-Collar Crime

Reviving Classical Theory: Deterrence and Rational Choice Theories

Growing up Criminal: Trait and Biological Theories of Crime

Getting Into and Out of Crime: Life-Course Theories

Positive Criminology

How Black Lives Matter: Theoretical Developments

Putting It All Together: Integrated Theories of Crime

Putting Theory to Work: Guiding Crime Control Policy

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Exam 11: Environmental Criminology

According to Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory, why have women become more victimized by crime in the past few decades?

The value of an item gets at which of the following routine activity concepts?

This principle of defensible space refers to the location of the space within the broader urban locale.

Explain why, in Newman's classic study, the Brownsville housing community had a lower crime rate than the Van Dyke housing community.

Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory has been supported in that, after World War II, there was a(n)

Explain the five categories of theories that can account for crime patterns as explained in the multilevel criminal opportunity theory.

What is meant by Wilcox et al. when they argue opportunity is multilevel? Give an example of a criminal opportunity that is influenced by both the individual level and the neighborhood level.

Which of the following is a hypothesis of routine activity theory?

Which of the following is not one of Brantingham and Brantingham's assumptions of the theory of target search?

Where are crimes likely to cluster in the environment, according to offender search theory?

Cohen and Felson argued that three factors were needed for a crime to occur. Which of the following did they not include as one of these three factors?

Explain why offenders do not like to travel far from their anchor neighborhood when committing crime, according to Brantingham and Brantingham.

According to Cohen and Felson's routine activity theory, which of the following is least likely to be stolen?

According to Cohen et al.'s groundbreaking research in which they developed routine activities theory,

What is defensible space? List and give an example of each of the four principles of defensible space.

This principle of defensible space refers to the capacity of design to influence the perception of an area as unique, well maintained, and nonisolated.

In offender search theory (also called crime pattern theory), what is the term used to refer to places like home, school, and work that offenders travel between in their daily activities?

Nodes that attract large numbers of people for reasons unrelated to criminal motivation are known as

According to Newman, the key difference in a community in generating or preventing crime was its

Which of the following is a hypothesis of routine activity theory?

The Origins of Modern Criminology

The Chicago School: The City, Social Disorganization, and Crime

Learning to Be a Criminal: Differential Association, Subcultural, and Social Learning Theories

Anomiestrain Theories of Crime

Varieties of Control Theory

Labeling Theory: Societal Reaction and the Creation of Criminals

Critical Criminology: Power, Peace, and Crime

Feminist Theories: Gender, Power, and Crime

Theories of White-Collar Crime

Reviving Classical Theory: Deterrence and Rational Choice Theories

Growing up Criminal: Trait and Biological Theories of Crime

Getting Into and Out of Crime: Life-Course Theories

Positive Criminology

How Black Lives Matter: Theoretical Developments

Putting It All Together: Integrated Theories of Crime

Putting Theory to Work: Guiding Crime Control Policy

Filters