Question 1

What three branches of knowledge might communication scholars use according to this chapter? Explain each branch.

Accepted Answer

Communication scholars might use the branches of knowledge from the fields of psychology, sociology, and linguistics.

Psychology is the study of human behavior and mental processes, and communication scholars might use psychological theories and research to understand how individuals process and interpret information, as well as how they form attitudes and make decisions based on communication.

Sociology is the study of society and social behavior, and communication scholars might use sociological theories and research to understand how communication shapes and is shaped by social structures, power dynamics, and cultural norms.

Linguistics is the scientific study of language and its structure, and communication scholars might use linguistic theories and research to understand how language is used in communication, including how it shapes meaning, influences perception, and reflects social identity.

Question 2

Research is the use of the scientific method to answer questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Based on the following major and minor premises, what should the correct hypothesis be?
Major Premise: Beatty, Behnke, and Henderson (1980) found that respondents scored higher on
The receiver apprehension test when the information required psychological adjustment.
Minor Premise: In a situation where people are surprised and overwhelmed as a result of a crisis situation, it is possible that the traumatic stress of the actual situation would require greater psychological adjustment on the part of the receivers, so they would report lower levels of understanding of the crisis itself (Richmond, Wrench, & Gorham, 2001).

Accepted Answer

A) There will be a positive relationship between an individual's level of receiver apprehension and her or his perceived understanding of the crisis. 
B) There will be a negative relationship between an individual's level of understanding and her or his perception of the crisis itself. 
C) There will be a negative relationship between an individual's level of receiver apprehension and her or his perceived understanding of the crisis. 
D) There will be a positive relationship between an individual's level of understanding and her or his perception of the crisis itself. 
A) There will be a positive relationship between an individual's level of receiver apprehension and her or his perceived understanding of the crisis. 
B) There will be a negative relationship between an individual's level of understanding and her or his perception of the crisis itself. 
C) There will be a negative relationship between an individual's level of receiver apprehension and her or his perceived understanding of the crisis. 
D) There will be a positive relationship between an individual's level of understanding and her or his perception of the crisis itself. C

Question 4

Darla is creating a hypothesis based on some research she's found. What would her conclusion be, based on the following premises?
Major Premise: Physician use of humor is positively related to an individual's compliance with her or his physician.
Minor Premise: There is a negative relationship between patient compliance and the likelihood of relapse.

Accepted Answer

A) A physician's use of humor negatively relates to a patient's likelihood of relapse. 
B) A physician's use of humor causes patients to become more ill. 
C) A physician's compliance-gaining strategies lead to a decrease in patient compliance. 
D) Physicians who are liked are less likely to have patients who are noncompliant. 
A) A physician's use of humor negatively relates to a patient's likelihood of relapse. 
B) A physician's use of humor causes patients to become more ill. 
C) A physician's compliance-gaining strategies lead to a decrease in patient compliance. 
D) Physicians who are liked are less likely to have patients who are noncompliant.

Question 5

Which of the approaches to epistemological skepticism argues that knowledge of something impossible?

Accepted Answer

A) academic 
B) epistemist 
C) McCroskian 
D) Pyrrhonian 
A) academic 
B) epistemist 
C) McCroskian 
D) Pyrrhonian

Question 6

Consider the following hypothetical proposition:
If one exercises, then he/she may lose weight.
The "then he/she may lose weight" is considered which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) consequent 
B) antecedent 
C) hypothesis 
D) prediction 
A) consequent 
B) antecedent 
C) hypothesis 
D) prediction

Question 7

Professors often think of similar words (synonyms) to help students understand a question and/or to help him or her more fully understand what the question is actually asking. When this happens, the professor is illustrating which function of a theory?

Accepted Answer

A) appealing to authority 
B) explanation 
C) labeling the phenomena 
D) evoking empathy 
A) appealing to authority 
B) explanation 
C) labeling the phenomena 
D) evoking empathy

Question 8

Every time Judith turns on the television she sees the same commercial depicting dogs that are malnourished, beaten, and otherwise neglected. The organization that created the commercial is seeking donations to continue its mission of saving one dog at a time. What type of explanation of a phenomenon does this example most represent?

Accepted Answer

A) evoke empathy 
B) appeal to authority 
C) label the phenomenon 
D) appeal to general empirical rules 
A) evoke empathy 
B) appeal to authority 
C) label the phenomenon 
D) appeal to general empirical rules

Question 9

The "if" statement of a hypothetical proposition is called the antecedent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement.
-Hasty generalizations

Accepted Answer

A) Way of knowing. 
B) A statement that either confirms something or denies something. 
C) The part of the part of the scientific method where a researcher attempts to test the hypotheses created. 
D) Generalizing about something when not enough evidence is available to do so. 
E) Proposed explanation for how a set of natural phenomena will occur that is capable of making predictions about the phenomena for the future and of being falsified through empirical observation. 
A) Way of knowing. 
B) A statement that either confirms something or denies something. 
C) The part of the part of the scientific method where a researcher attempts to test the hypotheses created. 
D) Generalizing about something when not enough evidence is available to do so. 
E) Proposed explanation for how a set of natural phenomena will occur that is capable of making predictions about the phenomena for the future and of being falsified through empirical observation.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true of syllogisms?

Accepted Answer

A) a basic syllogism has three propositions 
B) a basic syllogism has one premise and two conclusions 
C) for the syllogism to be true, we have to trust that the premises are true 
D) if the syllogism starts with false premises, the conclusion can never be true 
A) a basic syllogism has three propositions 
B) a basic syllogism has one premise and two conclusions 
C) for the syllogism to be true, we have to trust that the premises are true 
D) if the syllogism starts with false premises, the conclusion can never be true

Question 12

Describe the difference between the scientific and humanistic epistemological approaches.

Accepted Answer

The scientific and humanistic epistemolo

Question 13

While attempting to explain a given phenomenon, Jill opts to define a series of terms related to the phenomenon. Which method of explanation is Jill using?

Accepted Answer

A) evoke empathy 
B) label the phenomenon 
C) define terms or give examples 
D) appeal to authority 
A) evoke empathy 
B) label the phenomenon 
C) define terms or give examples 
D) appeal to authority

Question 14

Which of the following presents the correct order of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A) theories $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$ empirical generalizations $\rightarrow$ predictions 
B) empirical generalizations $\rightarrow$theories $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$ predictions 
C) theories $\rightarrow$ predictions $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$ empirical generalizations 
D) theories $\rightarrow$ empirical generalizations $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$predictions 
A) theories $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$ empirical generalizations $\rightarrow$ predictions 
B) empirical generalizations $\rightarrow$theories $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$ predictions 
C) theories $\rightarrow$ predictions $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$ empirical generalizations 
D) theories $\rightarrow$ empirical generalizations $\rightarrow$ observations $\rightarrow$predictions

Question 15

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement.
-Proposition

Accepted Answer

A) Way of knowing. 
B) A statement that either confirms something or denies something. 
C) The part of the part of the scientific method where a researcher attempts to test the hypotheses created. 
D) Generalizing about something when not enough evidence is available to do so. 
E) Proposed explanation for how a set of natural phenomena will occur that is capable of making predictions about the phenomena for the future and of being falsified through empirical observation. 
A) Way of knowing. 
B) A statement that either confirms something or denies something. 
C) The part of the part of the scientific method where a researcher attempts to test the hypotheses created. 
D) Generalizing about something when not enough evidence is available to do so. 
E) Proposed explanation for how a set of natural phenomena will occur that is capable of making predictions about the phenomena for the future and of being falsified through empirical observation.

Question 16

The common epistemology of people who are self-described social scientists is

Accepted Answer

A) humanism 
B) qualitative 
C) quantitative 
D) interpretive 
A) humanism 
B) qualitative 
C) quantitative 
D) interpretive

Question 17

__________ is a way of knowing.

Accepted Answer

A) axiology 
B) epistemology 
C) ontology 
D) methodology 
A) axiology 
B) epistemology 
C) ontology 
D) methodology

Question 18

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement.
-Epistemology

Accepted Answer

A) Way of knowing. 
B) A statement that either confirms something or denies something. 
C) The part of the part of the scientific method where a researcher attempts to test the hypotheses created. 
D) Generalizing about something when not enough evidence is available to do so. 
E) Proposed explanation for how a set of natural phenomena will occur that is capable of making predictions about the phenomena for the future and of being falsified through empirical observation. 
A) Way of knowing. 
B) A statement that either confirms something or denies something. 
C) The part of the part of the scientific method where a researcher attempts to test the hypotheses created. 
D) Generalizing about something when not enough evidence is available to do so. 
E) Proposed explanation for how a set of natural phenomena will occur that is capable of making predictions about the phenomena for the future and of being falsified through empirical observation.

Question 19

Which of the following words most clearly identifies qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A) subjective 
B) objective 
C) numerical 
D) sampling 
A) subjective 
B) objective 
C) numerical 
D) sampling

Question 20

An empirical generalization is an attempt to describe a phenomenon based on what we know about the phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What three branches of knowledge might communication scholars use according to this chapter? Explain each branch.

Research is the use of the scientific method to answer questions.

Which of the approaches to epistemological skepticism argues that knowledge of something impossible?

Consider the following hypothetical proposition: If one exercises, then he/she may lose weight. The "then he/she may lose weight" is considered which of the following?

Professors often think of similar words (synonyms) to help students understand a question and/or to help him or her more fully understand what the question is actually asking. When this happens, the professor is illustrating which function of a theory?

The "if" statement of a hypothetical proposition is called the antecedent.

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement. -Hasty generalizations

Which of the following is NOT true of syllogisms?

Describe the difference between the scientific and humanistic epistemological approaches.

While attempting to explain a given phenomenon, Jill opts to define a series of terms related to the phenomenon. Which method of explanation is Jill using?

Which of the following presents the correct order of the scientific method?

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement. -Proposition

The common epistemology of people who are self-described social scientists is

__________ is a way of knowing.

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement. -Epistemology

Which of the following words most clearly identifies qualitative research?

An empirical generalization is an attempt to describe a phenomenon based on what we know about the phenomenon.

An Introduction to Communication Research

Research Ethics

Searching for Previous Research and American Psychological Association Style

Research Structure and Literature Reviews

Variables

Measurement

Reliability and Validity

Survey Research

Content Analysis

Experimental Design

Sampling Methods

Hypothesis Testing

Descriptive Statistics

Chi-Square 2 Test of Independence

Independent Samples T Tests

One-Way Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Regression

Presenting Research

Statistical Tests and Concepts in Research Analysis

Filters

Exam 2: Empirical Research

What three branches of knowledge might communication scholars use according to this chapter? Explain each branch.

Research is the use of the scientific method to answer questions.

Which of the approaches to epistemological skepticism argues that knowledge of something impossible?

Consider the following hypothetical proposition: If one exercises, then he/she may lose weight. The "then he/she may lose weight" is considered which of the following?

Professors often think of similar words (synonyms) to help students understand a question and/or to help him or her more fully understand what the question is actually asking. When this happens, the professor is illustrating which function of a theory?

The "if" statement of a hypothetical proposition is called the antecedent.

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement. -Hasty generalizations

Which of the following is NOT true of syllogisms?

Describe the difference between the scientific and humanistic epistemological approaches.

While attempting to explain a given phenomenon, Jill opts to define a series of terms related to the phenomenon. Which method of explanation is Jill using?

Which of the following presents the correct order of the scientific method?

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement. -Proposition

The common epistemology of people who are self-described social scientists is

__________ is a way of knowing.

Match each of the following terms with the correct statement. -Epistemology

Which of the following words most clearly identifies qualitative research?

An empirical generalization is an attempt to describe a phenomenon based on what we know about the phenomenon.

An Introduction to Communication Research

Research Ethics

Searching for Previous Research and American Psychological Association Style

Research Structure and Literature Reviews

Variables

Measurement

Reliability and Validity

Survey Research

Content Analysis

Experimental Design

Sampling Methods

Hypothesis Testing

Descriptive Statistics

Chi-Square 2 Test of Independence

Independent Samples T Tests

One-Way Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Regression

Presenting Research

Statistical Tests and Concepts in Research Analysis

Filters