Exam 28: Theory: the Forest of Symbols, Victor Turner

The _______________ dimension of a ritual involves the way an insider explains the ritual to someone outside the society.

According to Victor Turner, _______________ is a characteristic of rites of passage that allows initiates to see life in a new way.

The stages of a rite of passage DO NOT include ___________________.

In a rite of passage, the candidate who is in the liminal phase is "structurally invisible" because _________________________________________.

Turner did most of his anthropological field work in ____________, but his conclusions can be applied generally.

____________ ritual liminality deals with situations in which play is related to work.

In comparing traditional and modern societies, Turner DOES NOT note that:

The _______________ dimension of a ritual involves the way an anthropologist, who is outside the society, records what is done in the ritual and how the participants seem to feel.

_______________________ are celebrated to indicate or constitute transitions between states in a person's life.

Serious ______________, which involve ideas and religiously important symbols, are often reserved for liminal times and places.

In a rite of passage, the initiates who are grouped together _______________________________.

___________________ is the term Turner uses to define the social bond and sense of interrelation achieved by initiates during the liminal period.

A _______________ ritual is one that is performed at significant points in the life cycle of humans.

When contrasting the liminal and the liminoid, Turner emphasizes that the ____________ phenomena develop apart from the central economic and political processes in a society.

________________, creative representations of supernatural beings crucial to a society, demonstrate how liminality can unlock imaginative potential.

A ___________ ritual is one that celebrates events that occur at approximately the same time each year.

For Turner, the concepts of liminality and communitas cannot be directly transferred to rituals in our modern, pluralistic society, because _______________.

Rituals of reversal, such as Halloween, are not really liminal because ____________.

Anthropologist Victor Turner sees ____________ as a kind of symbolic language that helps define an event in terms of the broader range of symbols in a society.

The _______________ dimension of a ritual involves the way an anthropologist, who is outside the society, describes the connections between the symbols found in a ritual and other symbols found in the society and culture.