Question 1

Biofilms ________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  are a complex community of microorganisms that adhere to a solid surface via a matrix 
B)  may have one organism's waste products serving as a primary nutrient for another microbe 
C)  have aerobic microorganisms living near the top of the biofilm that use enough of the oxygen to make the lower layers either microaerophilic or anaerobic 
D)  are formed by all different species of bacteria 
A)  are a complex community of microorganisms that adhere to a solid surface via a matrix 
B)  may have one organism's waste products serving as a primary nutrient for another microbe 
C)  have aerobic microorganisms living near the top of the biofilm that use enough of the oxygen to make the lower layers either microaerophilic or anaerobic 
D)  are formed by all different species of bacteria

Question 2

Examples of the enzymes that neutralize the damaging effects of superoxide free radicals are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  superoxide dismutase and beta-galactosidase 
B)  catalase and amylase 
C)  superoxide dismutase and catalase 
D)  superoxide dismutase, catalase and beta-galactosidase 
A)  superoxide dismutase and beta-galactosidase 
B)  catalase and amylase 
C)  superoxide dismutase and catalase 
D)  superoxide dismutase, catalase and beta-galactosidase

Question 3

Halogens ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  rapidly denature proteins 
B)  cause a loss of membrane structure or function 
C)  loss of membrane structure or function; and/or inhibition of fatty acid synthesis 
D)  disrupt and oxidize protein and nucleic acid structure 
A)  rapidly denature proteins 
B)  cause a loss of membrane structure or function 
C)  loss of membrane structure or function; and/or inhibition of fatty acid synthesis 
D)  disrupt and oxidize protein and nucleic acid structure

Question 4

A growth medium in which the exact chemical concentrations are unknown is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  complex medium 
B)  enriched medium 
C)  selective medium 
D)  differential medium 
A)  complex medium 
B)  enriched medium 
C)  selective medium 
D)  differential medium

Question 5

________ is(are) a complex biofilm of bacteria that stick to your teeth.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dental caries 
B)  Plaque 
C)  Adhesions 
D)  The dental matrix 
A)  Dental caries 
B)  Plaque 
C)  Adhesions 
D)  The dental matrix

Question 6

The bracket marked "z" is the range of temperature where ________ bacteria have their optimum growth temperature.

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperthermophilic 
B)  thermophilic 
C)  mesophilic 
D)  psychrophilic 
A)  hyperthermophilic 
B)  thermophilic 
C)  mesophilic 
D)  psychrophilic

Question 7

The streak plate method ________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  is used to separate microbes found in a mixed sample into individual colony forming units 
B)  is used to obtain pure cultures of bacteria and fungi 
C)  works better with low concentrations of microbes 
D)  uses a series of dilutions of a high concentration of a mixed population of microbes before plating so that 30-300 cells grow on a plate 
A)  is used to separate microbes found in a mixed sample into individual colony forming units 
B)  is used to obtain pure cultures of bacteria and fungi 
C)  works better with low concentrations of microbes 
D)  uses a series of dilutions of a high concentration of a mixed population of microbes before plating so that 30-300 cells grow on a plate

Question 8

Percent transmittance is equal to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  It/I0 
B)  log(It/I0) 
C)  log(I0/It) 
D)  Io/It 
A)  It/I0 
B)  log(It/I0) 
C)  log(I0/It) 
D)  Io/It

Question 9

Microbial growth either in a natural environment or in a laboratory requires these physical requirements be within minimum and maximum ranges. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  pH 
B)  Temperature 
C)  Osmolarity 
D)  Gravity 
A)  pH 
B)  Temperature 
C)  Osmolarity 
D)  Gravity

Question 10

Absorbance is equal to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  It/I0 
B)  log(It/I0) 
C)  log(I0/It) 
D)  -log(It/I0) 
A)  It/I0 
B)  log(It/I0) 
C)  log(I0/It) 
D)  -log(It/I0)

Question 11

The cell density of an exponentially growing culture of E. coli as a function of time is shown below. The equation that describes the red line is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nt = N0(2σ) 
B)  N0 = Nt(log 2)/t 
C)  N0/Nt = 2σ 
D)  Nt = N0 + (log 2)(t/σ) 
A)  Nt = N0(2σ) 
B)  N0 = Nt(log 2)/t 
C)  N0/Nt = 2σ 
D)  Nt = N0 + (log 2)(t/σ)

Question 12

Selective media ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  enhance the growth of one group of microbes 
B)  inhibit the growth of unwanted bacteria 
C)  distinguish between two different types of bacteria 
D)  is media where the exact chemical concentrations are known 
A)  enhance the growth of one group of microbes 
B)  inhibit the growth of unwanted bacteria 
C)  distinguish between two different types of bacteria 
D)  is media where the exact chemical concentrations are known

Question 13

Heating material under steam pressure ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is used to slow microbial metabolism and growth 
B)  increases the number of microbes so that there is less spoilage of consumable liquids 
C)  breaks C-C bonds which denatures proteins and nucleic acids 
D)  forces hot water vapor into endospores 
A)  is used to slow microbial metabolism and growth 
B)  increases the number of microbes so that there is less spoilage of consumable liquids 
C)  breaks C-C bonds which denatures proteins and nucleic acids 
D)  forces hot water vapor into endospores

Question 14

Which of the following statements is descriptive of bacterial binary fission? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication begins at the origin site. 
B)  The origin site attaches to proteins from the cytoskeleton and are moved to opposite sides of the cell. 
C)  Formation of a ring of contractile proteins is inhibited by the presence of the nucleoids. 
D)  The contractile ring moves the two nucleiodsto the polar ends of the dividing cell. 
A)  DNA replication begins at the origin site. 
B)  The origin site attaches to proteins from the cytoskeleton and are moved to opposite sides of the cell. 
C)  Formation of a ring of contractile proteins is inhibited by the presence of the nucleoids. 
D)  The contractile ring moves the two nucleiodsto the polar ends of the dividing cell.

Question 15

The selective media modified Thayer-Martin is used for identifying ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
B)  Neiserria gonorrheae 
C)  Escherichia coli 
D)  Salmonella species 
A)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
B)  Neiserria gonorrheae 
C)  Escherichia coli 
D)  Salmonella species

Question 16

The illustration below depicts the growth of bacteria in nutrient agar tubes after stabbing an inoculum of bacteria through the center of the medium to the bottom of the tube. Tube "y" represents the growth of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  obligate aerobes 
B)  obligate anaerobes 
C)  facultative anaerobes 
D)  aerotolerant anaerobes 
A)  obligate aerobes 
B)  obligate anaerobes 
C)  facultative anaerobes 
D)  aerotolerant anaerobes

Question 17

What services does a clinical microbiology lab provide physicians and their patients? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  To determine if the patient's illness is caused by a microbe. 
B)  To identify pathogenic microbes that may be causing a patient's illness. 
C)  To determine the antibacterial susceptibility profile of a bacteria causing a patient's illness so therapy can be targeted. 
D)  To determine antiviral susceptibility to aid antibiotic therapy. 
A)  To determine if the patient's illness is caused by a microbe. 
B)  To identify pathogenic microbes that may be causing a patient's illness. 
C)  To determine the antibacterial susceptibility profile of a bacteria causing a patient's illness so therapy can be targeted. 
D)  To determine antiviral susceptibility to aid antibiotic therapy.

Question 18

Most microbes grow fastest in a pH range of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.0 to 8.0 
B)  6.5 to 7.5 
C)  5.5 to 8.5 
D)  6.5 to 8.5 
A)  3.0 to 8.0 
B)  6.5 to 7.5 
C)  5.5 to 8.5 
D)  6.5 to 8.5

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Fermentation produces byproducts that raise pH thus inhibiting microbial growth on food. 
B)  Desiccation of foods removes water necessary for survival and growth of a cell. 
C)  Foods with a high sugar inhibit microbial growth due to the high osmolarity. 
D)  Meats and fish can be heavily salted to inhibit microbial growth due to the low osmolarity. 
A)  Fermentation produces byproducts that raise pH thus inhibiting microbial growth on food. 
B)  Desiccation of foods removes water necessary for survival and growth of a cell. 
C)  Foods with a high sugar inhibit microbial growth due to the high osmolarity. 
D)  Meats and fish can be heavily salted to inhibit microbial growth due to the low osmolarity.

Question 20

Stool, sputum or urine samples are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  placed in refrigerated sterile containers with secure lids 
B)  collected using needle aspirates 
C)  analyzed using the material contained in the second of four collection tubes 
D)  placed in sample bottles that are cultured aerobically and anaerobically 
A)  placed in refrigerated sterile containers with secure lids 
B)  collected using needle aspirates 
C)  analyzed using the material contained in the second of four collection tubes 
D)  placed in sample bottles that are cultured aerobically and anaerobically

Exam 11: Microbial Growth and Control

Biofilms ________. (Select all that apply)

Examples of the enzymes that neutralize the damaging effects of superoxide free radicals are ________.

Halogens ________.

A growth medium in which the exact chemical concentrations are unknown is termed ________.

________ is(are) a complex biofilm of bacteria that stick to your teeth.

The bracket marked "z" is the range of temperature where ________ bacteria have their optimum growth temperature.

The streak plate method ________. (Select all that apply)

Percent transmittance is equal to ________.

Microbial growth either in a natural environment or in a laboratory requires these physical requirements be within minimum and maximum ranges. (Select all that apply)

Absorbance is equal to ________.

The cell density of an exponentially growing culture of E. coli as a function of time is shown below. The equation that describes the red line is ________.

Selective media ________.

Heating material under steam pressure ________.

Which of the following statements is descriptive of bacterial binary fission? (Select all that apply)

The selective media modified Thayer-Martin is used for identifying ________.

The illustration below depicts the growth of bacteria in nutrient agar tubes after stabbing an inoculum of bacteria through the center of the medium to the bottom of the tube. Tube "y" represents the growth of ________.

What services does a clinical microbiology lab provide physicians and their patients? (Select all that apply)

Most microbes grow fastest in a pH range of ________.

Which of the following statements is true? (Select all that apply)

Stool, sputum or urine samples are ________.

Microbial World

An Introduction to the Chemical Basis of Life

The Biochemistry of Macromolecules

Microscopy

Prokaryote Organisms

Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Organisms

Viruses and Infectious Particles

Metabolism

Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

Antimicrobial Agents

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Vaccination, Immunoassays, and Immune Disorders

Microbial Pathogenesis

Epidemiology and Infection Control

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System

Diseases of the Urogenital System

Diseases of the Nervous System

Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Environmental and Industrial Microbiology

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