Question 1

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

Accepted Answer

A) They are essential components of cell membranes. 
B) They are not soluble in water. 
C) They are made of fatty acids. 
D) They are hydrophilic compounds. 
E) They contribute to atherosclerosis. 
A) They are essential components of cell membranes. 
B) They are not soluble in water. 
C) They are made of fatty acids. 
D) They are hydrophilic compounds. 
E) They contribute to atherosclerosis.

Question 2

What is common to both phospholipids and triglycerides?

Accepted Answer

A) Both contain serine or some other organic compound. 
B) three fatty acids 
C) a glycerol backbone 
D) a phosphate 
E) a single charge 
A) Both contain serine or some other organic compound. 
B) three fatty acids 
C) a glycerol backbone 
D) a phosphate 
E) a single charge

Question 3

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?

Accepted Answer

A) cytosine and guanine 
B) guanine and adenine 
C) adenine and thymine 
D) thymine and uracil 
E) uracil and cytosine 
A) cytosine and guanine 
B) guanine and adenine 
C) adenine and thymine 
D) thymine and uracil 
E) uracil and cytosine

Question 4

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic "head" region and a hydrophobic "tail" region?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 9 
E) 11 
A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 9 
E) 11

Question 5

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-The molecule shown in the figure above is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) polysaccharide. 
B) polypeptide. 
C) saturated fatty acid. 
D) triacylglycerol. 
E) unsaturated fatty acid. 
A) polysaccharide. 
B) polypeptide. 
C) saturated fatty acid. 
D) triacylglycerol. 
E) unsaturated fatty acid.

Question 6

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides.Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids.DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides.
-Among these biological polymers,which has the least structural variety?

Accepted Answer

A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA 
A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA

Question 7

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides.Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids.DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides.
-Which class of biological polymer has the greatest functional variety?

Accepted Answer

A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA 
A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA

Question 8

Which class of biological molecules are grouped together because they are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) proteins 
D) nucleic acids 
E) This is not a criterion for grouping molecules. 
A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) proteins 
D) nucleic acids 
E) This is not a criterion for grouping molecules.

Question 9

Which class of biological molecules are grouped together because its monomers contain both a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) proteins 
D) nucleic acids 
E) This is not a criterion for grouping molecules. 
A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) proteins 
D) nucleic acids 
E) This is not a criterion for grouping molecules.

Question 10

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond as a result of a dehydration reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 and 3 
B) 3 and 7 
C) 7 and 8 
D) 8 and 9 
E) 12 and 13 
A) 2 and 3 
B) 3 and 7 
C) 7 and 8 
D) 8 and 9 
E) 12 and 13

Question 11

How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 11 
C) 10 
D) 9 
E) 8 
A) 12 
B) 11 
C) 10 
D) 9 
E) 8

Question 12

All of the following contain amino acids except

Accepted Answer

A) hemoglobin. 
B) cholesterol. 
C) antibodies. 
D) enzymes. 
E) insulin. 
A) hemoglobin. 
B) cholesterol. 
C) antibodies. 
D) enzymes. 
E) insulin.

Question 13

Which of the following includes all of the pyrimidines found in RNA and DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) cytosine and uracil 
B) cytosine and thymine 
C) cytosine, uracil, and thymine 
D) cytosine, uracil, and guanine 
E) adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil 
A) cytosine and uracil 
B) cytosine and thymine 
C) cytosine, uracil, and thymine 
D) cytosine, uracil, and guanine 
E) adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil

Question 14

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆.What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) C₆₀H₁₂₀O₆₀ 
B) C₆H₁₂O₆ 
C) C₆₀H₁₀₂O₅₁ 
D) C₆₀H₁₀₀O₅₀ 
E) C₆₀H₁₁₁O₅₁ 
A) C₆₀H₁₂₀O₆₀ 
B) C₆H₁₂O₆ 
C) C₆₀H₁₀₂O₅₁ 
D) C₆₀H₁₀₀O₅₀ 
E) C₆₀H₁₁₁O₅₁

Question 15

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides.Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids.DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides.
-Professor Jamey Marth at the University of California,Santa Barbara,identified 70 molecules that are used to build cellular macromolecules and structures.These include at least 34 saccharides,8 nucleosides,and 20 amino acids.In theory,then,which class of biological polymer has the greatest information-coding capacity?

Accepted Answer

A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA 
A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA

Question 16

Which of the following is the strongest evidence that protein structure and function are correlated?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins function best at certain temperatures. 
B) Proteins have four distinct levels of structure and many functions. 
C) Enzymes tend to be globular in shape. 
D) Denatured (unfolded)proteins do not function normally. 
E) Proteins have many roles in the cell. 
A) Proteins function best at certain temperatures. 
B) Proteins have four distinct levels of structure and many functions. 
C) Enzymes tend to be globular in shape. 
D) Denatured (unfolded)proteins do not function normally. 
E) Proteins have many roles in the cell.

Question 17

-Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the chemical reaction illustrated in the figure above?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a hydrolysis reaction. 
B) It results in a peptide bond. 
C) It joins two fatty acids together. 
D) It is a hydrolysis reaction and it results in a peptide bond. 
E) It is a hydrolysis reaction, it results in a peptide bond, and it joins two fatty acids together. 
A) It is a hydrolysis reaction. 
B) It results in a peptide bond. 
C) It joins two fatty acids together. 
D) It is a hydrolysis reaction and it results in a peptide bond. 
E) It is a hydrolysis reaction, it results in a peptide bond, and it joins two fatty acids together.

Question 18

Upon chemical analysis,a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids.How many peptide bonds are present in this protein?

Accepted Answer

A) 101 
B) 100 
C) 99 
D) 98 
E) 97 
A) 101 
B) 100 
C) 99 
D) 98 
E) 97

Question 19

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³⁵S,which of these molecules will be labelled?

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) amylose 
E) both proteins and nucleic acids 
A) phospholipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) amylose 
E) both proteins and nucleic acids

Question 20

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules contain(s)an aldehyde type of carbonyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 4 
C) 8 
D) 10 
E) 1 and 4 
A) 1 
B) 4 
C) 8 
D) 10 
E) 1 and 4

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

What is common to both phospholipids and triglycerides?

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic "head" region and a hydrophobic "tail" region?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -The molecule shown in the figure above is a(n)

Which class of biological molecules are grouped together because they are hydrophobic?

Which class of biological molecules are grouped together because its monomers contain both a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon sugar?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond as a result of a dehydration reaction?

How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long?

All of the following contain amino acids except

Which of the following includes all of the pyrimidines found in RNA and DNA?

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆.What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Which of the following is the strongest evidence that protein structure and function are correlated?

-Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the chemical reaction illustrated in the figure above?

Upon chemical analysis,a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids.How many peptide bonds are present in this protein?

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³⁵S,which of these molecules will be labelled?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following molecules contain(s)an aldehyde type of carbonyl functional group?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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